PXe Server Install for Linux

1. 测试环境：

Windows 8 64bit 系统下运行 Virtualbox4.3.4

安装服务器虚拟机安装的是RHEL 6.4 64bit AUS update4

2. 安装服务器的配置

安装服务器只有一块NAT方式的网卡，缺省通过DHCP方式启动，Virtualbox虚拟DHCP会给其分配IP地址

# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:88:E8:62
          inet addr:192.168.23.128 Bcast:192.168.23.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe88:e862/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
          RX packets:2289 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1637 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:228126 (222.7 KiB) TX bytes:432061 (421.9 KiB)

# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0C:29:88:E8:62
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=c77b25d7-8f0a-4f74-b8cb-c63d1e908edd
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=dhcp

安装dhcp服务:

# yum install dhcp

修改配置文件:

# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

ddns-update-style interim;

ignore client-updates;

allow booting;

allow bootp;

class "pxeclients"{

match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier,0,9) = "PXEClient";

filename "RHEL6.4/pxelinux.0";

next-server 192.168.23.128;

}

subnet 192.168.23.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

option routers 192.168.23.1;

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time

range dynamic-bootp 192.168.23.100 192.168.23.200;

default-lease-time 216000;

max-lease-time 432000;

}

# service dhcpd start

如果启动失败，可以看一下系统日志，查找原因

# cat /var/log/messages

安装tftp服务器:

# yum install tftp-server

修改tftp服务器的配置, 将disable= yes改为disable=no

tftp服务器的根目录为/var/lib/tftpboot，yum安装时会自动创建

# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
        disable                 = no
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

启动xinetd服务

# service xinetd start
Starting xinetd: [ OK ]

关闭iptables服务:

# service iptables stop
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]

这时如果创建一个空的RHEL 6.4虚拟机并且不设置启动光盘，VMware的虚拟BIOS会在找不到启动盘的情况下自动启动 PXE 安装。下图可以看到虚拟机已经从DHCP服务器获得IP地址

安装nfs服务器:

# yum install nfs-utils

配置nfs目录

# vi/etc/exports
/nfsroot *(rw,wdelay,crossmnt,insecure,root_squash,no_subtree_check,fsid=0)

使配置生效

#exportfs -a

# exportfs -v
/nfsroot <world>(rw,wdelay,crossmnt,insecure,root_squash,no_subtree_check,fsid=0)

启动nfs服务

# service nfs start
Starting NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ]
Stopping RPC idmapd: [ OK ]
Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ]
Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]

在/var/lib/tftpboot目录中配置PXE启动需要的文件:

1) 创建目录/var/lib/tftpboot/RHEL6.4, RHEL6.4和/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf一致

2) 创建目录/var/lib/tftpboot/RHEL6.4/pxelinux.cfg

2) 把安装光盘isolinux/isolinux.cfg复制并重命名为/var/lib/tftpboot/RHEL6.4/pxelinux.cfg/default

3) 下载http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/boot/syslinux/syslinux-5.10.tar.gz, 解压

将syslinux-5.10/目录下面的几个文件复制到/var/lib/tftpboot/RHEL6.4目录下

syslinux-5.10/bios/core/pxelinux.0

syslinux-5.10/com32/elflink/ldlinux/ldlinux.c32

syslinux-5.10/com32/lib/libcom32.c32

syslinux-5.10/com32/libutil/libutil.c32

syslinux-5.10/com32/menu/vesamenu.c32

4) 从安装光盘复制文件到/var/lib/tftpboot/目录