搭建实时同步系统rsync+inotify

rsync是linux、Unix系统下的文件同步数据传输工具
Inotify 是一个 Linux特性，它监控文件系统操作，比如读取、写入和创建。Inotify 反应灵敏，用法非常简单，并且比 cron 任务的繁忙轮询高效得多

192.168.1.6 server
192.168.1.200 clinet

首先配置服务端，安装rsync服务

[root@localhost ~]# yum install rsync
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rsync.i386 0:3.0.6-4.el5_7.1 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================================================================================
 Package                      Arch                        Version                                 Repository                   Size
====================================================================================================================================
Updating:
 rsync                        i386                        3.0.6-4.el5_7.1                         base                        338 k

Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================================
Install       0 Package(s)
Upgrade       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 338 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
rsync-3.0.6-4.el5_7.1.i386.rpm                                                                               | 338 kB     00:01    
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Updating       : rsync                                                                                                        1/2
  Cleanup        : rsync                                                                                                        2/2

Updated:
  rsync.i386 0:3.0.6-4.el5_7.1                                                                                                     

Complete!

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/rsyncd //创建rsyncd主目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/rsyncd/

[root@localhost rsyncd]# vi rsyncd.conf  //创建配置文件
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
address = 192.168.1.6
uid =root
gid = root
use chroot = yes
read only = no
hosts allow = *
write only = no
strict modes = yes
motd file = /etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.motd
timeout = 300
transfer logging = yes
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
[ lianxi ]           
        path = /ceshi       
        list = false          
        ignore errors           
        auth users = tiger            
        secrets file = /etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.secrets           
        exclude = error_log httpd.pid
"rsyncd.conf" [New] 21L, 500C written
[root@localhost rsyncd]# ls
rsyncd.conf

[root@localhost rsyncd]# vi rsyncd.secrets

tiger:123456

[root@localhost rsyncd]# chmod 600 rsyncd.sevrets

[root@localhost rsyncd]# /usr/bin/rsync --daemon --config=/etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.conf

//查看服务是否启动
[root@localhost ceshi]# ps -aux|grep rsync
Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.7/FAQ
root     14274  0.0  0.2   4456   540 ?        Ss   22:02   0:00 /usr/bin/rsync --daemon --config=/etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.conf
root     14276  0.0  0.2   4164   688 pts/4    R+   22:02   0:00 grep rsync

OK了，服务端配置OK了，下面开始配置客户端安装inotify

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# cd inotify-tools-3.14
[root@localhost inotify-tools-3.14]#  ./configure && make && make install

出现下面的东西证明inot已经安装OK了

[root@localhost /]# ll /usr/local/bin/inotifywa*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 37580 05-19 12:09 /usr/local/bin/inotifywait
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 35790 05-19 12:09 /usr/local/bin/inotifywatch

开始配置rsync的客户端
[root@localhost /]# mkdir /etc/rsyncd
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@localhost /]# cd /etc/rsyncd/

[root@localhost rsyncd]# vi rsyncd.password

123456

[root@localhost rsyncd]# chmod 600 rsyncd.password
[root@localhost rsyncd]# touch rsyncd.log

//创建时时同步脚本
[root@localhost ]# vi /root/dstb.sh

#!/bin/bash
host=192.168.1.6
src=/fuwu
dst=lianxi
user=tiger
/usr/local/bin/inotifywait -mrq  --timefmt '%d%m%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w%f%e' -e modify,delete,create,attrib  $src | while read files
do
/usr/bin/rsync -vzrtopg  --delete --progress --password-file=/etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.password $src  $user@$host::$dst
echo "${files} was rsyncd"  >>/etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.log 2>&1
done

[root@localhost ]# /root/dstb.sh &

在fuwu目录中新建个文件，查看效果

root@localhost fuwu]# touch ww.txt
[root@localhost fuwu]#
sending incremental file list
fuwu/
fuwu/aa.txt
           0 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfer#1, to-check=4/6)
fuwu/bb.txt
           0 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfer#2, to-check=3/6)
fuwu/ee.txt
           0 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfer#3, to-check=2/6)
fuwu/ww.txt
           0 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfer#4, to-check=1/6)
fuwu/yibian.txt
           0 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfer#5, to-check=0/6)

sent 309 bytes  received 107 bytes  277.33 bytes/sec
total size is 0  speedup is 0.00

sending incremental file list

sent 126 bytes  received 9 bytes  270.00 bytes/sec
total size is 0  speedup is 0.00
ls
aa.txt  bb.txt  ee.txt  ww.txt  yibian.txt

然后查看服务端文件都有了，好了一切OK了

在搭建过程中遇到以下问题
问题一：
把rsync服务杀掉之后再启动服务的时候无法启动
[root@localhost ceshi]# /usr/bin/rsync --daemon --config=/etc/rsyncd/rsyncd.conf
failed to create pid file /var/run/rsyncd.pid: File exists

解决方法：
[root@localhost ceshi]# rm -rf /var/run/rsyncd.pid

问题二
在客户端配置好之后，执行同步脚本，发现不行，提示以下错误
[root@localhost fuwu]# touch aa.txt
[root@localhost fuwu]# @ERROR: auth failed on module ceshi
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1530) [sender=3.0.6]
@ERROR: auth failed on module ceshi
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1530) [sender=3.0.6]

看到这首先想到服务端的rsync服务有问题 ，杀掉rsync服务之后，查看配置文件，发现配置文件中少了个字母，添加上之后还是不行，然后手动执行了同步的命令发现还是不行，然后又回头

排错，最终发现密码的文件名字和配置文件名字不一样，修改完毕后，重启rsync服务，然后执行同步脚本，OK了，大功告成！