NFS搭建与配置
NFS应用场景是:A,B,C三台机器上需要保证被访问到的文件是一样的,A共享数据出来,B和C分别去挂载A共享的数据目录,从而B和C访问到的数据和A上的一致性
172.131.1.135 服务器端
172.131.1.137 客户端端
1.服务器安装
[root@localhost~]# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
查看端口:
root@localhost]# netstat -lntp
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:20048           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1783/rpc.mountd     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:34099           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2263/dnsmasq        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1344/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      841/cupsd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2041/master         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:2049            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:40037           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1216/rpc.statd      
tcp6       0      0 :::60943                :::*                    LISTEN      1216/rpc.statd      
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp6       0      0 :::20048                :::*                    LISTEN      1783/rpc.mountd     
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1344/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      841/cupsd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2041/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::40826                :::*                    LISTEN      -                   
tcp6       0      0 :::2049                 :::*                    LISTEN      -        
启动nfs服务
[root@localhost ]# systemctl start nfs
root@localhost ~]# systemctl status nfs
nfs-server.service - NFS server and services
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
  Drop-In: /run/systemd/generator/nfs-server.service.d
           └─order-with-mounts.conf
   Active: active (exited) since 四 2017-11-16 15:22:31 CST; 18min ago
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep nfs
root       1874      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd4_callbacks]
root       1890      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       1891      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       1892      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       1893      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       1894      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       1895      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       1896      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       1897      2  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
[root@iZbp1a7wyzv7b3ujsfphj2Z nfsdir]# netstat -lntp
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:20048           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1783/rpc.mountd     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:34099           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2263/dnsmasq        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1344/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      841/cupsd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2041/master         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:2049            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:40037           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1216/rpc.statd      
tcp6       0      0 :::60943                :::*                    LISTEN      1216/rpc.statd      
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp6       0      0 :::20048                :::*                    LISTEN      1783/rpc.mountd     
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1344/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      841/cupsd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2041/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::40826                :::*                    LISTEN      -                   
tcp6       0      0 :::2049                 :::*                    LISTEN      -                
rpc的服务也跟着带起来:
[root@localhost ~]# ps -aux|grep rpc
root        397  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   15:22   0:00 [rpciod]
root        540  0.0  0.0  17148   392 ?        Ss   15:22   0:00 /usr/sbin/rpc.idmapd
rpcuser    1216  0.0  0.0  44448  1824 ?        Ss   15:22   0:00 /usr/sbin/rpc.statd
rpc        1695  0.0  0.0  64948  1436 ?        Ss   15:22   0:00 /sbin/rpcbind -w
root       1783  0.0  0.1  42992  2124 ?        Ss   15:22   0:00 /usr/sbin/rpc.mountd
root       4011  0.0  0.0 112668   972 pts/0    R+   15:42   0:00 grep --color=auto rpc
开机自启动:
[root@localhost nfsdir]# systemctl enable rpcbind
[root@localhost  nfsdir]# systemctl enable nfs
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service.
准备共享的文件夹
root@localhost nfsdir]# chmod 777 /nfs/nfsdir
最关键的就是修改nfs的配置文件:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/exports
/nfs/nfsdir 172.31.1.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
相关参数:
 rw 读写
 ro 只读
 sync 同步模式,内存数据实时写入磁盘  速度很快但是会降低磁盘效率
 async 非同步模式 能保证磁盘效率  但是如果服务器断电,会造成数据丢失
 no_root_squash 客户端挂载NFS共享目录后,root用户不受约束,权限很大
 root_squash 与上面选项相对,客户端上的root用户收到约束,被限定成某个普通用户
 all_squash 客户端上所有用户在使用NFS共享目录时都被限定为一个普通用户
 anonuid/anongid 和上面几个选项搭配使用,定义被限定用户的uid和gid
2.NFS服务器端的配置:
[root@localhost~]# yum install nfs-utils
[root@localhost~]# systemctl start rpcbind
[root@localhost~]# systemctl status rpcbind
rpcbind.service - RPC bind service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.service; indirect; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since 四 2017-11-16 13:24:06 CST; 5s ago
[root@localhost python_practice]# showmount -e 172.31.1.135
clnt_create: RPC: Port mapper failure - Unable to receive: errno 113 (No route to host)
这是因为开启了防火墙
[root@localhost python_practice]# systemctl status firewalld
firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since 二 2017-09-26 21:42:06 CST; 1 months 20 days ago
root@localhost python_practice]# systemctl stop firewalld
需要关闭两边的防火墙和getenforce
[root@localhost python_practice]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@localhost python_practice]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost python_practice]# getenforce
Permissive
[root@localhost python_practice]# showmount -e 172.131.1.135
clnt_create: RPC: Port mapper failure - Timed out
原因是2台机器都叫默认名localhost.localhost
修改2台服务器的名:
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname "centos7-137"
另外一台是类似的命令
再进行查看:
oot@localhost nfsdir]# showmount -e 172.31.1.135
Export list for 172.31.1.135:
/nfs/nfsdir 172.31.1.0/24
最关键的是这一步:
[root@localhost nfsdir]# mount -t nfs 172.31.1.135:/nfs/nfsdir /pubdir/nfsdir
其中/nfs/nfsdir是135准备共享的目录,/pubdir/nfsdir是137上对应查看的目录
[root@localhost nfsdir]# df -h
文件系统                  容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3                  38G  5.9G   32G   16% /
devtmpfs                  898M     0  898M    0% /dev
tmpfs                     912M     0  912M    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     912M  9.0M  903M    1% /run
tmpfs                     912M     0  912M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                 197M  156M   41M   80% /boot
tmpfs                     183M   24K  183M    1% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0                  4.1G  4.1G     0  100% /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64
172.31.1.135:/nfs/nfsdir   38G   13G   25G   35% /pubdir/nfsdir
测试:
在135上新建一个文件:
[root@localhost nfsdir]# touch kingleoric.txt
[root@localhost nfsdir]# pwd
/nfs/nfsdir
在137上查看该文件已生成:
[root@localhost nfsdir]# cd /pubdir/nfsdir
[root@localhost nfsdir]# ls
kingleoric.txt
 
                    
                
 
                
            
         浙公网安备 33010602011771号
浙公网安备 33010602011771号