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归档—监控ORACLE数据库告警日志

2013-07-03 00:04  潇湘隐者  阅读(9193)  评论(2)  编辑  收藏  举报

ORACLE的告警日志里面包含许多有用的信息，尤其是一些ORACLE的ORA错误信息，所以有必要及时归档、监控数据库告警日志的ORA错误，及时提醒数据库管理员DBA处理这些错误信息，那么我们首先来看看告警日志的内容片断：

Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37749 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 6 seq# 37749 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo06.log
Thu Jun 27 15:02:30 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37750 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 2 seq# 37750 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo02.log
Thu Jun 27 15:13:43 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37751 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 3 seq# 37751 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo03.log
Thu Jun 27 15:25:30 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37752 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 4 seq# 37752 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo04.log
Thu Jun 27 15:32:20 2013
ORA-00060: Deadlock detected. More info in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/SCM2/bdump/scm2_s001_14052.trc.
Thu Jun 27 15:35:05 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37753 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 5 seq# 37753 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo05.log
Thu Jun 27 15:43:11 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37754 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 1 seq# 37754 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo01.log
Thu Jun 27 15:49:58 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37755 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 6 seq# 37755 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo06.log
Thu Jun 27 16:01:25 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37756 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 2 seq# 37756 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo02.log
Thu Jun 27 16:12:14 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37757 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 3 seq# 37757 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/SCM2/redo03.log
Thu Jun 27 16:24:10 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37758 (LGWR switch)
View Code

 

归档告警日志文件

告警日志文件如果不加管理的话，那么文件会持续增长，有时候文件会变得非常大，不利于读写。一般建议将告警日志按天归档，归档文件保留三个月（视情况而定），下面来看看将告警日志文件归档的两个Shell脚本：

alert_log_archive.sh version 1
  1. #*************************************************************************
  2. #  FileName     :alert_log_archive.sh
  3. #*************************************************************************
  4. #  Author       :Kerry
  5. #  CreateDate   :2013-07-02
  6. #  blogs　　     :www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode
  7. #  Description  :this script is made the alert log archived every day
  8. #*************************************************************************
  9.  
  10. #! /bin/bash
  11.  
  12. date=`date +%Y%m%d`
  13.  
  14. alert_log_path="$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump"
  15.  
  16. alert_log_file="alert_$ORACLE_SID.log"
  17.  
  18. alert_arc_file="alert_$ORACLE_SID.log""."${date}
  19.  
  20. cd ${alert_log_path};
  21.  
  22.  
  23. if [ ! -e "${alert_log_file}" ]; then
  24.         echo "the alert log didn't exits, please check file path is correct!";
  25.         exit;
  26. fi
  27.  
  28.  
  29. if [ -e ${alert_arc_file} ];then
  30.  
  31.         echo "the alert log file have been archived!"
  32.  
  33. else
  34.  
  35.         cat ${alert_log_file} >> ${alert_arc_file}
  36.  
  37.         cat /dev/null > ${alert_log_file}
  38.  
  39. fi

其实脚本1和脚本差别不大，仅仅是mv与cat >>的区别

alert_log_archive.sh version 2
  1.  
  2. #*************************************************************************
  3. #  FileName     :alert_log_archive.sh
  4. #*************************************************************************
  5. #  Author       :Kerry
  6. #  CreateDate   :2013-07-02
  7. #  blogs　　     :www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode
  8. #  Description  :this script is made the alert log archived every day
  9. #*************************************************************************
  10.  
  11. #! /bin/bash
  12.  
  13. date=`date +%Y%m%d`
  14.  
  15. alert_log_path="$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump"
  16.  
  17. alert_log_file="alert_$ORACLE_SID.log"
  18.  
  19. alert_arc_file="alert_$ORACLE_SID.log""."${date}
  20.  
  21. cd ${alert_log_path};
  22.  
  23.  
  24. if [ ! -e "${alert_log_file}" ]; then
  25.         echo "the alert log didn't exits, please check file path is correct!";
  26.         exit;
  27. fi
  28.  
  29.  
  30. if [ -e ${alert_arc_file} ];then
  31.  
  32.         echo "the alert log file have been archived!"
  33.  
  34. else
  35.  
  36.         mv ${alert_log_file}  ${alert_arc_file}
  37.  
  38.         cat /dev/null > ${alert_log_file}
  39.  
  40. fi

然后在crontab定时任务里面加上下面语句，每天23点59对告警日志进行归档。

[oracle@DB-Server scripts]$ crontab -l

# the alert log archived every day                    Add by kerry 2013-07-02

59 23 * * * /home/oracle/scripts/alert_log_archive.sh >/dev/null 2>$1

细心的朋友可能已经发现上面的脚本、配置错误了，我在部署测试的过程中，是指定二十分钟执行一次，但是等了四十分钟，发现定时任务一次都没有执行，手工执行上面脚本是完全没有问题的，最后仔细的检查一遍，居然发现悲剧的发现时自己一时粗心将&符号写成了$,真是很二的一个错误

59 23 * * * /home/oracle/scripts/alert_log_archive.sh >/dev/null 2>$1

59 23 * * * /home/oracle/scripts/alert_log_archive.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

 

接下来测试发现脚本执行有问题，在crontab 里执行该shell脚本时，获取不到ORACLE的环境变量，这是因为crontab环境变量问题，Crontab的环境默认情况下并不包含系统中当前用户的环境。所以，你需要在shell脚本中添加必要的环境变量的设置，修改的脚本如下：

alert_log_archive.sh V1
  1. #*************************************************************************
  2. #  FileName     :alert_log_archive.sh
  3. #*************************************************************************
  4. #  Author       :Kerry
  5. #  CreateDate   :2013-07-02
  6. #  blogs　　     :www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode
  7. #  Description  :this script is made the alert log archived every day
  8. #*************************************************************************
  9.  
  10. #! /bin/bash
  11.  
  12. # these solved the oracle variable problem.
  13. export ORACLE_SID=gps
  14. export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
  15.  
  16. date=`date +%Y%m%d`
  17.  
  18. alert_log_path="$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump"
  19.  
  20. alert_log_file="alert_$ORACLE_SID.log"
  21.  
  22. alert_arc_file="alert_$ORACLE_SID.log""."${date}
  23.  
  24. cd ${alert_log_path};
  25.  
  26.  
  27. if [ ! -e "${alert_log_file}" ]; then
  28.         echo "the alert log didn't exits, please check file path is correct!";
  29.         exit;
  30. fi
  31.  
  32.  
  33. if [ -e ${alert_arc_file} ];then
  34.  
  35.         echo "the alert log file have been archived!"
  36.  
  37. else
  38.  
  39.         cat ${alert_log_file} >> ${alert_arc_file}
  40.  
  41.         cat /dev/null > ${alert_log_file}
  42.  
  43. fi

 

alert_log_archive.sh V2
  1. #*************************************************************************
  2. #  FileName     :alert_log_archive.sh
  3. #*************************************************************************
  4. #  Author       :Kerry
  5. #  CreateDate   :2013-07-0
  6. #  blogs　　     :www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode
  7. #  Description  :this script is made the alert log archived every day
  8. #*************************************************************************
  9.  
  10. #! /bin/bash
  11.  
  12. # these solved the oracle variable problem.
  13. export ORACLE_SID=gps
  14. export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
  15.  
  16. date=`date +%Y%m%d`
  17.  
  18. alert_log_path="$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump"
  19.  
  20. alert_log_file="alert_$ORACLE_SID.log"
  21.  
  22. alert_arc_file="alert_$ORACLE_SID.log""."${date}
  23.  
  24. cd ${alert_log_path};
  25.  
  26.  
  27. if [ ! -e "${alert_log_file}" ]; then
  28.         echo "the alert log didn't exits, please check file path is correct!";
  29.         exit;
  30. fi
  31.  
  32.  
  33. if [ -e ${alert_arc_file} ];then
  34.  
  35.         echo "the alert log file have been archived!"
  36.  
  37. else
  38.  
  39.         mv ${alert_log_file}  ${alert_arc_file}
  40.  
  41.        cat /dev/null > ${alert_log_file}
  42.  
  43. fi

 

监控告警日志文件

接下来看看如何监控告警日志文件的ORA错误，这里是采用Perl结合Shell的方式，因为Shell获取错误的时间、行数等不如Perl操作字符串方便。

monitoring_alert_log.pl
  1. #**********************************************************************************
  2. #       FileName         :monitoring_alert_log.pl
  3. #**********************************************************************************
  4. #       Author           :Kerry
  5. #       CreateDate       :2013-07-01
  6. #       blogs　　         :www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode
  7. #       Description      :check the alert log and find out the ora error
  8. #**********************************************************************************
  9. #    Modified Date    Modified User     Version   Modified Reason
  10. #    2013-07-02         Kerry          V01.0.1    add comment for this script
  11. #***********************************************************************************
  12.  
  13.  
  14. #! /usr/bin/perl
  15.  
  16.   use strict;
  17.    
  18. my($argv) = @ARGV;
  19.  
  20. if ( @ARGV != 1)
  21. {
  22.  
  23.   print '
  24.       Parameter error:  you must assined the alert log file as a input parameter or the number of prarameter is not right.
  25.  
  26. ';
  27.  
  28.   exit
  29. }
  30.  
  31.   if( ! -e $argv )
  32. {  
  33.   print '  
  34.   Usage: monitoring_alert_log.pl  
  35.                                                     
  36.   $ cat alert_[sid].log | monitoring_alert_log.pl
  37.   $ tail -f alert_[sid].log | monitoring_alert_log.pl  
  38.   $ monitoring_alert_log.pl alert_[sid].log  
  39.    
  40.    ';
  41.      exit;  
  42. }  
  43. my $err_regex = '^(\w+ \w+ \d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2} \d{4})|(ORA-\d+:.+)$';  
  44. my $date = "";  
  45. my $line_counter = 0;  
  46. while ( <> )  
  47. {  
  48.      $line_counter++;  
  49.      if( m/$err_regex/oi )  
  50.      {  
  51.          if ($1)  
  52.          {  
  53.              $date = $1;  
  54.              next;  
  55.          }  
  56.          print "$line_counter | $date | $2 \n" if ($2);  
  57.      }  
  58. }

 

monitoring_alert_log.sh
  1. #**********************************************************************************
  2. #    FileName     :            monitoring_alert_log.sh
  3. #**********************************************************************************
  4. #    Author       :            Kerry    
  5. #    CreateDate   :            2013-07-01
  6. #    blogs　　     :            www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode
  7. #    Description:            check the alert log and find out the ora error
  8. #**********************************************************************************
  9. #    Modified Date    Modified User  Version             Modified Reason
  10. #   2013-07-02          Kerry        V01.0.1             add comment and modified script
  11. #***********************************************************************************    
  12.  
  13. #!/bin/bash
  14.  
  15. # these solved the oracle variable problem.
  16. export ORACLE_SID=gsp
  17. export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
  18.  
  19. logfile="/home/oracle/scripts/alter_err_log.txt"
  20. pl_monitoring_alert="/home/oracle/scripts/monitoring_alert_log.pl"
  21. pl_sendmail="/home/oracle/scripts/sendmail.pl"
  22. alert_logfile="$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump/alert_$ORACLE_SID.log"
  23.  
  24.  
  25.  
  26. #delete the old alter error log file
  27.  
  28.   rm -f${logfile}
  29.   rm -f${pl_sendmail}
  30.  
  31. #run the perl and check if exists the ora error
  32.  
  33.   perl ${pl_monitoring_alert} ${alert_logfile}> ${logfile}
  34.  
  35. #if have no error in alert log then exit the program
  36.  
  37. if [[ -e "${logfile}"  &&  ! -s "${logfile}"  ]]; then
  38.   exit;
  39. fi
  40.  
  41. date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
  42. subject="Monitoring the Oracle Alert logs and find ora errors"
  43. content="Dear All,
  44.  
  45.    The Instance ${ORACLE_SID}\' alert log occured the ora errors ,please see the detail in attachment and take action for it. many thanks!
  46.  
  47.  
  48. Oracle Alert Services
  49. "
  50.  
  51. echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" >> ${pl_sendmail}
  52. echo "use Mail::Sender;" >> ${pl_sendmail}
  53. echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp => '10.xxx.xxx.xxx', from => 'xxxx@xxxx.com'}; ">> ${pl_sendmail}
  54. echo "\$sender->MailFile({to => 'kerry@xxxxx.com',">> ${pl_sendmail}
  55. echo "cc=>'konglb@esquel.com'," >> ${pl_sendmail}
  56. echo "subject => '$subject',">> ${pl_sendmail}
  57. echo "msg => '$content',">> ${pl_sendmail}
  58. echo "file => '$logfile'});">> ${pl_sendmail}
  59.  
  60. perl ${pl_sendmail}

*/20 6-21 * * * /home/oracle/scripts/monitoring_alert_log.sh  >/dev/null 2>&1

问题/优化脚本:Crontab 定时任务配置每二十分钟执行一次，结果，又有麻烦事情来了，假如8点发生了ORA错误，之后到下午6点都没有发生ORA错误，上面的脚本会每隔二十分钟发送一次邮件，重复发送，感觉比较烦人，而我需要的是：只有当新的ORA错误出现，才给DBA发送邮件，否则就不要发送，其次，感觉二十分钟的时间段太长了，如果出现了严重错误，二十分钟后才去处理，就显得时延比较滞后，但是如果你频率短的话， 基于第一个bug，你回收到N多邮件，那么我们继续改写，优化下面脚本吧

 

Code Snippet
  1. #****************************************************************************************************
  2. #       FileName         :monitoring_alert_log.sh
  3. #****************************************************************************************************
  4. #       Author           :Kerry
  5. #       CreateDate       :2013-07-01
  6. #       Description      :check the alert log and find out the ora error
  7. #****************************************************************************************************
  8. #       Modified Date  Modified User     Version      Modified Reason
  9. #       2013-07-02       Kerry        V01.0.1      add comment and modified script
  10. #       2013-07-02       Kerry        V01.0.2      Solved the email repated send problems, only
  11. #                                                   the new ora error occured then send the email.
  12. #****************************************************************************************************
  13.  
  14. #!/bin/bash
  15.  
  16. # these solved the oracle variable problem.
  17. export ORACLE_SID=gsp
  18. export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
  19.  
  20. new_log_file="/home/oracle/scripts/new_err_log.txt"
  21. old_log_file="/home/oracle/scripts/old_err_log.txt"
  22. pl_monitoring_alert="/home/oracle/scripts/monitoring_alert_log.pl"
  23. pl_sendmail="/home/oracle/scripts/sendmail.pl"
  24. alert_logfile="$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump/alert_${ORACLE_SID}.log"
  25.  
  26.  
  27.  
  28. #delete the old alter error log file
  29.  
  30.   #rm -f${new_log_file}
  31.  
  32.   rm -f${old_log_file}
  33.  
  34.   mv ${new_log_file}${old_log_file}
  35.  
  36.   rm -f${pl_sendmail}
  37.  
  38. #run the perl and check if exists the ora error
  39.  
  40.  
  41.   perl ${pl_monitoring_alert} ${alert_logfile}> ${new_log_file}
  42.  
  43. #if have no error in alert log then exit the program
  44.  
  45. if [[ -e "${new_log_file}"  &&  ! -s "${new_log_file}"  ]]; then
  46.   exit;
  47. fi
  48.  
  49. new_err_num=`cat ${new_log_file} | wc -l`
  50.  
  51. old_err_num=`cat ${old_log_file} | wc -l`
  52.  
  53.  
  54. if [ ${new_err_num} -le ${old_err_num} ]; then
  55.  
  56.    exit
  57. fi
  58.  
  59. date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
  60. subject="xxx (192.168.xxx.xxx) Monitoring the Oracle Alert logs and find ora errors"
  61. content="Dear All,
  62.  
  63.    The Instance ${ORACLE_SID}\' alert log occured the ora errors ,please see the detail in attachment and take action for it. many thanks!
  64.  
  65.  
  66. Oracle Alert Services
  67. "
  68.  
  69. echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" >> ${pl_sendmail}
  70. echo "use Mail::Sender;" >> ${pl_sendmail}
  71. echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp => '10.xxx.xxx.xxx', from => 'xxxx@xxxx.com'}; ">> ${pl_sendmail}
  72. echo "\$sender->MailFile({to => 'kerry@xxxxxx.com',">> ${pl_sendmail}
  73. echo "cc=>'xxxxx@xxxxx.com'," >> ${pl_sendmail}
  74. echo "subject => '$subject',">> ${pl_sendmail}
  75. echo "msg => '$content',">> ${pl_sendmail}
  76. echo "file => '${new_log_file}'});">> ${pl_sendmail}
  77.  
  78. perl ${pl_sendmail}

但是我在部署过程中，由于环境问题（多台ORACLE服务器，不同的操作系统、不同的环境），发送邮件的部分出现改动，又有下面两个小版本的改动

Code Snippet
  1. #**********************************************************************************
  2. #    FileName       :            monitoring_alert_log.sh
  3. #**********************************************************************************
  4. #    Author         :            Kerry    
  5. #    CreateDate     :            2013-07-01
  6. #    Description:            check the alert log and find out the ora error
  7. #***********************************************************************************
  8. #    Modified Date    Modified User   Version                 Modified Reason
  9. #    2013-07-02       Kerry            V01.0.1            add comment and modified script
  10. #   2013-07-02        Kerry            V01.0.2     Solved the email repated send problems, only
  11. #                                                  the new ora error occured then send the email
  12. #***********************************************************************************    
  13.  
  14. #!/bin/bash
  15.  
  16. new_log_file="/home/oracle/scripts/new_err_log.txt"
  17. old_log_file="/home/oracle/scripts/old_err_log.txt"
  18. pl_monitoring_alert="/home/oracle/scripts/monitoring_alert_log.pl"
  19. email_content="/home/oracle/scripts/sendmail.txt"
  20. alert_logfile="$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump/alert_$ORACLE_SID.log"
  21.  
  22.  
  23.  
  24. #delete the old alter error log file
  25.  
  26. rm -f${old_log_file}
  27.  
  28. mv ${new_log_file} ${old_log_file}
  29.  
  30.   rm -f${pl_sendmail}
  31.  
  32. #run the perl and check if exists the ora error
  33.  
  34.   perl ${pl_monitoring_alert} ${alert_logfile}> ${new_log_file}
  35.  
  36. #if have no error in alert log then exit the program
  37.  
  38. if [[ -e "${new_log_file}"  &&  ! -s "${new_log_file}"  ]]; then
  39.   exit;
  40. fi
  41.  
  42.  
  43.  
  44. new_err_num=`cat ${new_log_file} | wc -l`
  45.  
  46. old_err_num=`cat ${old_log_file} | wc -l`
  47.  
  48.  
  49. if [ ${new_err_num} -le ${old_err_num} ]; then
  50.  
  51.    exit
  52. fi
  53.  
  54. date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
  55. subject="Monitoring the Oracle Alert logs and find ora errors"
  56. content="Dear All,
  57.  
  58.    The Instance ${ORACLE_SID}\' alert log occured the ora errors ,please see the detail in attachment and take action for it. many thanks!
  59.  
  60.      The Error is blow :
  61. "
  62.  
  63.  
  64. echo 'Content-Type: text/html' > ${email_content}
  65. echo 'To: xxxxx@xxxxx.com' >> ${email_content}
  66. echo ${subject} >> ${email_content}
  67. echo '<pre style="font-family: courier; font-size: 9pt">' >> ${email_content}
  68. echo ${content} >> ${email_content}
  69.  
  70.   cat ${new_log_file} >>${email_content} 2>&1
  71.  
  72. echo 'Oracle Alert Services' >> ${email_content}
  73.  
  75. /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -f ${subject} < ${email_content}
  76. rm -f ${email_content}

 

Code Snippet
  1. #**********************************************************************************
  2. #    FileName     :            monitoring_alert_log.sh
  3. #**********************************************************************************
  4. #    Author         :            Kerry    
  5. #    CreateDate :2013-07-01
  6. #    Description:            check the alert log and find out the ora error
  7. #***********************************************************************************
  8. #    Modified Date    Modified User   Version                 Modified Reason
  9. #   2013-07-02        Kerry            V01.0.1            add comment and modified script
  10. #   2013-07-02        Kerry            V01.0.2            Solved the email repated send problems, only
  11. #                                                         the new ora error occured then send the email
  12. #***********************************************************************************    
  13.  
  14. #!/bin/bash
  15.  
  16. new_log_file="/home/oracle/scripts/new_err_log.txt"
  17. old_log_file="/home/oracle/scripts/old_err_log.txt"
  18. pl_monitoring_alert="/home/oracle/scripts/monitoring_alert_log.pl"
  19. email_content="/home/oracle/scripts/sendmail.pl"
  20. alert_logfile="$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump/alert_$ORACLE_SID.log"
  21. reportname="alert_log_err.txt"
  22.  
  23.  
  24. #delete the old alter error log file
  25.  
  26.   rm -f${old_log_file}
  27.  
  28. mv ${new_log_file} ${old_log_file}
  29.  
  30.   rm -f${pl_sendmail}
  31.  
  32. #run the perl and check if exists the ora error
  33.  
  34.   perl ${pl_monitoring_alert} ${alert_logfile}> ${new_log_file}
  35.  
  36. #if have no error in alert log then exit the program
  37.  
  38. if [[ -e "${new_log_file}"  &&  ! -s "${new_log_file}"  ]]; then
  39.   exit;
  40. fi
  41.  
  42. date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
  43. subject="Monitoring the Oracle Alert logs and find ora errors"
  44. content="Dear All,
  45.  
  46.    The Instance ${ORACLE_SID}\' alert log occured the ora errors ,please see the detail in attachment and take action for it. many thanks!
  47.  
  48.  
  49. Oracle Alert Services
  50. "
  51.  
  52. ( ${content} ; uuencode ${new_log_file} ${reportname} ) | /bin/mail -s ${subject} xxxx@xxxx.com xxxxx@xxx.com
  53.  
  54.  
  55. /bin/mail