GUI编程

GUI编程

组件

  • 窗口
  • 弹窗
  • 面板
  • 文本框
  • 列表框
  • 按钮
  • 图片
  • 监听事件
  • 鼠标
  • 键盘事件
  • 外挂
  • 破解工具

1 简介

Gui的核心技术:Swing AWT,快淘汰了。

  1. 因为界面不美观。
  2. 需要jre环境!

学习GUI为MVC架构、监听器做准备

  1. 写出一些小工具
  2. 工作时候,也可能需要维护到swing界面,概率极小!
  3. 了解MVC架构,了解监听!

2 AWT (Abstract Windows Tools)

2.1 Awt介绍

new 类!

EClipse:使用Java编写

  1. 包含了很多的类和接口!GUI:图形用户界面接口编程
  2. 元素:窗口,按钮,文本框
  3. java.awt
  4. image

2.2 组件和容器

1 Frame

TestFrame.java

package com.kazesan.gui01;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame,JDK或看源码!
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);

        //设置窗口大小 w宽 h高
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        
        //设置背景颜色 Color
        frame.setBackground(new Color(29, 125, 147));

        //需要设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        
        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);

    }
}

image

问题:窗口无法关闭,停止Java程序可关闭。

封装自己的类

TestFrame2.java

package com.kazesan.gui01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口 new
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, C.
                                       
                                       olor.pink);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
    }
}

//封装
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static int id = 0; //可能存在多个窗口,需要一个计数器
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame+"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x, y, w, h);
        setVisible(true);

    }

}

image

2 面板Panel

解决了关闭事件!

TestPanel.java

package com.kazesan.gui01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

//Panel 可以看成是一个空间,但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("框架与面板");
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(40,161,35));

        //panel设置坐标,相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(193,15,60));

        //frame.add(panel),Panel extends Container , Container extends Component 看源码!
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);


        //监听事件,监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式:
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭时要做的事
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });


    }
}

image

点击×即可关闭窗口

2.3 布局管理器

  • 流式布局(从左到右)

TestFlowLayout.java

package com.kazesan.gui01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置为流式布局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));

        frame.setSize(200, 200);

        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);



    }
}

image

  • 东西南北中

TestBorderLayout.java

package com.kazesan.gui01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        frame.setVisible(true);


    }
}

image

  • 表格布局

TestGridLayout.java

package com.kazesan.gui01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");


        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack();//Java函数!自动设置最优布局
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

image

1 课堂练习

image

思路:

image

拆分:

image

ExDemo.java

package com.kazesan.gui01;

import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//练习demo
public class ExDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总 Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame("课堂练习");

        frame.setSize(400, 300);
        frame.setLocation(300, 400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));//2行1列表格

        //4个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        //上半部分
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下半部分
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间4个按钮
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);


        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

image

2 总结

  1. Frame是一个顶级窗口
  2. Panel无法单独显示,必须添加到某个容器中
  3. 布局管理器
    • 流式
    • 东西南北中
    • 表格
  4. 大小,定位,背景颜色,可见性,监听!

2.4 事件监听

事件监听:当某个事情发生的时候,干什么?

TestActionEvent.java

package com.kazesan.gui02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮,触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button("btn-1");

        //因为addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener,所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();

        windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
    //关闭窗体的事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多个按钮,共享一个事件

package com.kazesan.gui02;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionEvent02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮,实现同一个监听
        // 开始 停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");

        //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令,如果不显示定义,则返回label
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();

        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.EAST);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了:msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());

//        if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){
//
//        }


    }
}

2.5 输入框TextField监听

TestText01.java

package com.kazesan.gui02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动!
        new MyFrame();
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter,就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框中的文本
        field.setText("");//null为对象,""为字符串
    }
}

2.6 简易计算器,组合,内部类回顾复习

oop原则:组合,大于继承!

组合

class A{
    public B b;
}

简易计算器

image

面向过程思想

TestCalc.java

package com.kazesan.gui02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        //3 个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//列,最大可填字符(字符数)
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);

        //1 个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));

        //1 个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);


    }
}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1. 获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());//String转Int,使用包装类
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

        //2. 将这个值加法运算后放到第三个框
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3. 清除前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

image

image

面向对象编程:类,属性,方法

类的组合思想

优化代码(组合)

完全改造为面向对象写法

TestCalc02.java

package com.kazesan.gui02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator2().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator2 extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //1.所有组件
        num1 = new TextField(10);//列,最大可填字符(字符数)
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(20);
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //2.添加组件所需监听器
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener2(this));

        //3.布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }
}


//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener2 implements ActionListener{

    //获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Calculator2 calculator2 = null;
    public MyCalculatorListener2(Calculator2 calculator2){
        this.calculator2 = calculator2;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1. 获得加数和被加数
        //2. 将这个值加法运算后放到第三个框
        //3. 清除前两个框

        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator2.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator2.num2.getText());
        calculator2.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator2.num1.setText("");
        calculator2.num2.setText("");
        
    }
}

内部类思想

内部类:

  • 更好的包装

TestCalc03.java

package com.kazesan.gui02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator2().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator3 extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //1.所有组件
        num1 = new TextField(10);//列,最大可填字符(字符数)
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(20);
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //2.添加组件所需监听器
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener3());

        //3.布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }

    //监听器类
    //内部类最大的好处,就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法!
    private class MyCalculatorListener3 implements ActionListener{

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1. 获得加数和被加数
            //2. 将这个值加法运算后放到第三个框
            //3. 清除前两个框
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

2.7 画笔

TestPaint.java

package com.kazesan.gui03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();

    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame{

    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200, 200, 600, 500);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //super.paint(g);
        //画笔,需要有颜色,画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        g.drawOval(100, 100, 100, 100);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的圆

        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.fillRect(150, 200, 200, 200);

        //养成习惯,画笔用完,将它还原到最初的颜色(黑色)
    }
}

image

2.8 鼠标监听

目的:想要实现鼠标画画!

image

TestMouseListener.java

package com.kazesan.gui03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}

//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    //画画需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前的位置,需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;//提升作用域

    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setBounds(200, 200, 400, 300);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();

        setVisible(true);

        //鼠标监听器,正对于这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());


    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画,监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        //使用迭代器遍历
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point)iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }

    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);

    }

    //适配器模式,MouseListener是一个接口,为避免重写所有方法,使用适配器模式
    //内部类
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标 按下 弹起 按住不放

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame)e.getSource();
            //这个我们点击的时候,就会在界面上产生一个点!
            //这个点就是鼠标的点;
            myFrame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
            myFrame.repaint();//刷新
        }
    }
}

2.9 窗口监听

内部类写法

TestWindow.java

package com.kazesan.gui03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}


class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());

    }

    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口
            System.exit(0);//正常退出
        }
    }
}

推荐写法:匿名内部类

class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addWindowListener(
            //匿名内部类
                new WindowAdapter() {
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("你点击了×");
                    }
                }
        );

    }
}

常用窗口监听:

  • 关闭窗口
  • 激活窗口
package com.kazesan.gui03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}


class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(
                //匿名内部类
                new WindowAdapter() {
                    //关闭窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("windowClosing");
                        System.exit(0);
                    }
                    //激活窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {

                        WindowFrame source  = (WindowFrame)e.getSource();
                        source.setTitle("被激活了");
                        System.out.println("windowActivated");
                    }
                }
        );

    }

}

2.10 键盘监听

TestKeyListener.java

package com.kazesan.gui03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

//键盘
public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();

    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame {
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);

        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘按下的键是哪一个,getKeyCode(),当前的码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记录这个数值,直接使用静态属性 例:VK_xxx
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
                //根据按下不同操作,产生不同结果
            }
        });

    }
}

3 Swing

3.1 窗口、面板

JFrameDemo.java

package com.kazesan.gui04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {

    //init(); 初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jFrame.setVisible(true);
        jFrame.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        jFrame.setBackground(Color.blue);//没有颜色,通过容器设置

        //设置文字
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("嗨~");

        jFrame.add(jLabel);

        //让文本标签居中
        //jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(0);

        //获得一个容器
        Container container = jFrame.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);

        //关闭事件
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

3.2 弹窗

JDialog默认有关闭事件

DialogDemo.java

package com.kazesan.gui04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame 放东西,容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
        jButton.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候,弹出一个弹窗
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(jButton);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}

//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);

        container.add(new Label("菜鸽子流泪学Java"));
    }
}

3.3 标签

label

newLabel("xxx");

图标ICON

package com.kazesan.gui04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标,需要实现类,JFrame
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo(){}//无参构造

    public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签上,也可以放在按钮上
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(jLabel);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();

    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片Icon

package com.kazesan.gui04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImageIconDemo() {
        //获取图片的地址
        JLabel jlabel = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("20220703.jpg");//获取当前类同级目录下资源

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);//命名忌重名
        jlabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
        jlabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(jlabel);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

3.4 面板

JpanelDemo.java

package com.kazesan.gui05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//hgap,vgap:间距

        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));

        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));


        container.add(jPanel1);
        container.add(jPanel2);
        container.add(jPanel3);
        container.add(jPanel4);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

带滚动条的面板

JScrollPanel.java

package com.kazesan.gui05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {

    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎踏入Java");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5 按钮

图片按钮

JButtonDemo.java

package com.kazesan.gui05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变成图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("folk.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton jButton = new JButton();
        jButton.setIcon(icon);
        jButton.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        //add
        container.add(jButton);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();

    }
}

单选按钮

JButtonDemo02.java

package com.kazesan.gui05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo02(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变成图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("folk.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("jRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("jRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton("jRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个,进行分组,一个组中只能选一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(jRadioButton1);
        group.add(jRadioButton2);
        group.add(jRadioButton3);

        container.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();

    }
}

复选按钮

JButtonDemo03.java

package com.kazesan.gui05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo03(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变成图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("folk.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

       //多选框
        JCheckBox jCheckBox01 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox01");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox02 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox02");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox03 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox03");

        container.add(jCheckBox01,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(jCheckBox02,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jCheckBox03,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();

    }
}

3.6 列表

下拉框

应用场景:选择地区,或者一些单个选项

TestComboboxDem01.java

package com.kazesan.gui06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();

        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在热映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将上映");

        container.add(status);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框

应用场景:展示信息,一般是动态扩容

TestComboboxDemo02.java

package com.kazesan.gui06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表的内容 稀疏数组,压缩数据
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};

        Vector contents = new Vector();

        contents.add("Peter");
        contents.add("Jack");
        contents.add("Tom");

        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        container.add(jList);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

3.7 文本框

文本框

TestTextDemo01.java

package com.kazesan.gui06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("world",20);

        container.add(jTextField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

TestTextDemo02.java

package com.kazesan.gui06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(jPasswordField);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

文本域

JScrollDemo.java

package com.kazesan.gui05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {

    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎踏入Java");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

为 HTML ,Servlet准备

C/S 客户端/服务器

B/S 浏览器/服务器

贪吃蛇

帧,如果时间片足够小,就是动画,一秒30帧 60帧。连起来是动画,拆开就是静态的图片!

键盘监听

定时器Timer


GamePanel.java

  1. 定义数据
  2. 画上去
  3. 监听事件
    • 键盘
    • 事件
package com.kazesan.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {

    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int length;//蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];//蛇的x坐标 25*25
    int[] snakeY = new int[500];//蛇的Y坐标 25*25
    String direction;

    //食物的坐标
     int foodx;
     int foody;
     Random random = new Random();

     int score;//成绩

    //游戏当前的状态:开始,停止
    boolean isStart = false;//默认是不开始!
    boolean isFail = false;//默认是不失败

    //定时器 以毫秒为单位
    Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);//监听这个类的对象,100ms刷新一次

    //构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
        timer.start();//游戏一开始就启动定时器
    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;//第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;//第二个身体的坐标
        direction = "R";//初始方向向右

        //把食物随机分布在游戏界面上
        foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);//  850/25=34
        foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);//  600/25=24

        score = 0;
    }


    //绘制面板,游戏中所有的东西,都使用该画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
        //绘制静态的面板
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this, g, 25, 11);//头部广告栏画上去
        g.fillRect(25, 75, 850, 600);//默认的游戏界面

        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18));//设置字体
        g.drawString("长度"+length, 750, 35);
        g.drawString("分数"+score, 750, 50);


        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this, g,foodx,foody);

        //把小蛇画上去
        if (direction.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
        }else if (direction.equals("L")) {
            Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        }else if (direction.equals("U")) {
            Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        }else if (direction.equals("D")) {
            Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        }

        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);
        }


        //游戏状态
        if (isStart==false){
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",  300, 300);
        } else if (isStart==true) {
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,20));//设置字体
            g.drawString("再按一下暂停游戏",  25, 40);
        }
        if (isFail) {
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));//设置字体
            g.drawString("游戏失败,按下空格重新开始", 300, 300);
        }
    }


    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获得键盘按键是哪一个
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) {//如果按下的是空格键
            if (isFail){
                //重新开始
                isFail = false;
                init();
            }else {
                isStart = !isStart;//取反,默认为false,取反为true
            }
            repaint();
        }
        //小蛇移动
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
            direction = "U";
        } else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
            direction = "D";
        } else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
            direction = "L";
        } else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
            direction = "R";
        }
    }


    //事件监听 --- 需要通过固定时间来刷新,1s=10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (isStart && isFail == false){//如果游戏是开始状态,就让小蛇动起来

            //吃食物
            if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){//蛇头和食物重合
                //长度 + 1
                length++;
                //分数加10
                score+=10;//score = score + 10;
                //再次随机生成食物
                foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);//  850/25=34
                foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);//  600/25=24
            }
            //移动
            for (int i = length-1; i > 0 ; i--){
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];//后一节移到前一节的位置,第二节身体2,第一节身体1,头0,snake[1]=snake[0],第一节到头位置
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
            }
            //走向
            if (direction.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]+25;
                if (snakeX[0]>850){snakeX[0]=25;}//边界判断
            } else if (direction.equals("L")) {
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]-25;
                if (snakeX[0]<25){snakeX[0]=850;}//边界判断
            } else if (direction.equals("U")) {
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]-25;
                if (snakeY[0]<75){snakeY[0]=650;}//游戏界面起始坐标为x:25,y:75,大小为850*600,蛇头、身为25*25
                                                 //650=600+75-25,刚好露头
            }else if (direction.equals("D")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]+25;
                if (snakeY[0]>650){snakeY[0]=75;}//边界判断
            }
            //失败判断,撞到自己就算失败
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i] && snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
                    isFail=true;
                }

            }
            repaint();//重画页面
        }
        timer.start();//定时器开启!

    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }
    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }
}

Data.java

package com.kazesan.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {

    //相对路径 tx.jpg
    //绝对路径 加”/" 相当于当前的项目
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);

    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);

    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}

StartGame.java

package com.kazesan.snake;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame();

        jFrame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        jFrame.setResizable(false);//窗口大小不可拉伸
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //正常游戏界面都应该在面板上!
        jFrame.add(new GamePanel());
        jFrame.setVisible(true);s

    }
}
posted @ 2022-07-06 16:06  大白很白  阅读(15)  评论(0)    收藏  举报