Java-手动搭建SSH

项目搭建工具：eclipse

项目开发环境：①Windows10-64位 ②Tomcat 8.5 ③jdk1.8.0_91 ④MySql 8.0.11

jar包准备：这里不详说，自己准备不不冲突能跑起来就没啥问题。

（1）新建一个Dynamic Web Project，可命名为SSH_Template，直接点击finish按钮

（2）将选择的jar包导入到lib（/WebContent/WEB-INF/lib）中，其中包括hibernate、mysql-connector-java、spring、struts2

（3）将导入的jar包添加到项目Libraries中，项目右键==》Properties==》Java Build Path==》Libraries==》选中导入的所有jar包添加到进Libraries中

（4）在/WebContent/WEB-INF/下新建一个web.xml，配置过滤器和监听器

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" 
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
            
    <display-name>ssh</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
      <welcome-file>index.action</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
  
        <!-- struts 过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <!-- spring 的监听器配置 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
</web-app>

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开始搭建

（1）创建用于分层的四个基础包，并分别添加BookCard的操作类

（2）根据数据库表的字段编写BookCard(实体类)和BookCard.hbm.xml(映射文件)放到ssh.entity包里

BookCard.java

package ssh.entity;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.sql.Date;


public class BookCard {
    private int cid;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private Date cardDate;
    private BigDecimal deposit; //押金
    
    //get set方法
    public int getCid() {
        return cid;
    }
    public void setCid(int cid) {
        this.cid = cid;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    public Date getCardDate() {
        return cardDate;
    }
    public void setCardDate(Date cardDate) {
        this.cardDate = cardDate;
    }
    public BigDecimal getDeposit() {
        return deposit;
    }
    public void setDeposit(BigDecimal deposit) {
        this.deposit = deposit;
    }
    
    
}

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BookCard.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="ssh.entity.BookCard" table="BookCard">
        <id name="cid" column="cid">
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" column="name"></property>
        <property name="sex" column="sex"></property>
        <property name="cardDate" column="cardDate"></property>
        <property name="deposit" column="deposit"></property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

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（3）在ssh.dao包里编写BookCardDao(接口类)和BookCardDaoImpl(实现类)。

BookCardDao.java

package ssh.dao;

import java.util.List;

import ssh.entity.BookCard;

public interface BookCardDao {
    public List<BookCard> getAllBookCard();
}

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BookCardDaoImpl.java

package ssh.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

import ssh.entity.BookCard;

public class BookCardDaoImpl implements BookCardDao {
      //在SSH的设计理念：要使用某个实例，那么就定义声明一个对象，然后
    //给它添加set方法（用于spring注入进来）
    //实现不要关注这个实例来自于那里，以及怎么创建，或者它是谁    
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    
    public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
        this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
    }


    @Override
    public List<BookCard> getAllBookCard() {
        
         //sessionFactory这个实例可以自己按常规的hibernate传统写法创建
        //也可以交给spring去托管
        
        Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
        sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
        
        
        //获取session
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
            
      //后面当使用JPA的时候，EntityManager 类似于 Session
       Query query = session.createQuery("from BookCard");
        
     //将所有的数据查询出来并放到List集合里
        List<BookCard> list = query.list();
        
      //将集合遍历循环
        for(BookCard bookCard:list){
             //打印输出到控制台
            System.out.println(bookCard);
        }
        
        //关闭session
        session.close();
        //关闭sessionFactory
        sessionFactory.close();
        //返回list集合
        return list;
    }
}

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（4）在ssh.service包里编写BookCardService(接口类)和BookCardServiceImpl(实现类)。

BookCardService.java

package ssh.service;

import java.util.List;

import ssh.entity.BookCard;

public interface BookCardService {
    public List<BookCard> getAllBookCard();
}

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BookCardServiceImpl.java

package ssh.service;

import java.util.List;

import ssh.dao.BookCardDao;
import ssh.entity.BookCard;

public class BookCardServiceImpl implements BookCardService{
    //dao实例使用注入方式
    private BookCardDao id;
    //用于注入使用
    public void setId(BookCardDao id) {
        this.id = id;
    }


    @Override
    public List<BookCard> getAllBookCard() {
        //本类应该编写业务逻辑的代码，
        //但本例没有业务逻辑，就不用写。
        
        //访问数据库的代码，不会出现在service这一层
        //交给dao来操作数据库
        List<BookCard> myBookCardList = id.getAllBookCard();
        
        //进行其它的业务逻辑操作，比如增加多一个选项，是否过期
        //本例不需要
        //....
        
        return myBookCardList;
    }
}

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（5）在ssh.action包里编写IndexAction(action类)。

IndexAction.java

package ssh.action;

import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.util.List;

import ssh.entity.BookCard;
import ssh.service.BookCardService;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

//创建IndexAction(action类)继承ActionSupport接口
public class IndexAction extends ActionSupport {
  
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
  
  //声明service，但不给它创建具体的实现类的实例，
  private BookCardService is = null;
  //添加set()方法
  public void setIs(BookCardService is) {
      this.is = is;
  }
  
  //编写execute()方法
  public String execute() {
      
      //获取IndexService实例，调用getAllBookCard()方法
      //将结果保存到List集合里
      List<BookCard> myBookCardList = is.getAllBookCard();
      
      //将查询出来的结构集打印到控制台
      System.out.println("结果集："+myBookCardList.size());
      
      //获取Context上下文对象
      ActionContext ac = ActionContext.getContext();
      
      //将myBookCardList集合添加到上下文对象里
      ac.put("myBookCardList", myBookCardList);
      
      //返回一个字符串
      return "success";
  }
  
  //金额格式转换
  public String formatDouble(double s){
      DecimalFormat fmat=new DecimalFormat("\u00A4##.0"); 
      return fmat.format(s);
  }
}

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（6）在/src/目录下新建配置文件struts.xml、applicationContext.xml、hibernate.cfg.xml

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC 
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">

<!-- 上面的头，注意版本，从样例里复制过来 showcase.war\WEB-INF\src\java\struts.xml -->

<struts>
    <!-- 告知Struts2运行时使用Spring来创建对象 -->
    <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
    
    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="Index" class="myIndexAction">
            <result name="success">/jsp/index.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

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applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
        xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"  
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
        xsi:schemaLocation="    
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
       <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
        <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:ssh/entity/BookCard.hbm.xml"></property>
    </bean>
    
     
    <bean id="myIndexDao" class="ssh.dao.BookCardDaoImpl" scope="prototype">
        <!-- 把sessionFactory 注入给IndexDao -->
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    
    
     <!-- myIndexService = new ssh_01.service.IndexServiceImpl() -->
    <bean id="myIndexService" class="ssh.service.BookCardServiceImpl" scope="prototype">
        <property name="id" ref="myIndexDao"/>
    </bean>
    
             
    <!-- 类似于财务部门一样，类就是钱，所有需要类的实例都由spring去管理 -->
    <bean id="myIndexAction" class="ssh.action.IndexAction" scope="prototype">
        <!-- setIs(myIndexService) -->
        <property name="is" ref="myIndexService"/>
    </bean>

    
</beans>

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hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
    <!-- 第一部分：配置数据库信息，必须的 -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
        com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    </property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">
        jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/book
    </property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
    <!-- 配置当前session上下文 -->
    <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
    <!-- 第二部分：配置hibernate的信息，可选的 -->
    <!-- 输出底层sql语句 -->
    <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
    <!-- 输出底层sql语句格式 -->
    <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
    <!-- hibernate帮创建表，需要配置之后
        update：如果表已经存在，更新;如果不存在，就创建
    -->
    <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

    <property name="hibernate.dialect">
        org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
    </property>

    <!-- 第三部分：把映射文件放在核心配置文件中  必须的 -->
    <mapping resource="ssh/entity/BookCard.hbm.xml" />

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

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（6）最后还有一个页面文件，页面文件根据习惯放哪里都行。

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
  <body>
  
   <table border="1">
       <tr>
           <td>卡号</td>
           <td>姓名</td>
           <td>性别</td>
           <td>办卡日期</td>
           <td>押金</td>
       </tr>
       <s:iterator value="#myBookCardList" status="bcs">
           <tr>
               <td><s:property value="cid"></s:property></td>
               <td><s:property value="name"></s:property></td>
               <td><s:property value="sex"></s:property></td>
               <td><s:date name="cardDate" format="yyyy年MM月dd日"></s:date></td>
               <%-- <td><s:property value="deposit"></s:property></td> --%>
               <td><s:property value="%{formatDouble(deposit)}"></s:property></td>
           </tr>
       </s:iterator>
       
       <!-- 如果查询出来没有数据 -->
       <s:if test="myBookCardList.size()==0">
           <tr>
               <td colspan="7">没有查询到数据</td>
           </tr>
       </s:if>
   </table>
   
  </body>
</html>

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大功告成效果图