maven教程（一）
以下命令来查看 Super POM 默认配置：mvn help:effective-pom
在下面的 pom.xml 中，你可以看到 Maven 在执行目标时需要用到的默认工程源码目录结构、输出目录、需要的插件、仓库和报表目录。D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group>mvn help:effective-pom
Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8
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[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building project 1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
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[INFO]
Effective POMs, after inheritance, interpolation, and profiles are applied:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!-- -->
<!-- Generated by Maven Help Plugin on 2021-03-16T09:01:46+08:00 -->
<!-- See: http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-help-plugin/ -->
<!-- -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!-- -->
<!-- Effective POM for project -->
<!-- 'com.companyname.project-group:project:jar:1.0' -->
<!-- -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/P
OM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.companyname.project-group</groupId>
<artifactId>project</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<repositories>
<repository>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>central</id>
<name>Central Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<releases>
<updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>central</id>
<name>Central Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<build>
<sourceDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\src\main\java</sourceDirectory>
<scriptSourceDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\src\main\scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>
<testSourceDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\src\test\java</testSourceDirectory>
<outputDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\target\classes</outputDirectory>
<testOutputDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\target\test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\src\main\resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\src\test\resources</directory>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<directory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\target</directory>
<finalName>project-1.0</finalName>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2-beta-5</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-release-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-clean</id>
<phase>clean</phase>
<goals>
<goal>clean</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-testResources</id>
<phase>process-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>testResources</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>default-resources</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>resources</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-jar</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-compile</id>
<phase>compile</phase>
<goals>
<goal>compile</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>default-testCompile</id>
<phase>test-compile</phase>
<goals>
<goal>testCompile</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.12.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-test</id>
<phase>test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>test</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-install</id>
<phase>install</phase>
<goals>
<goal>install</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-deploy</id>
<phase>deploy</phase>
<goals>
<goal>deploy</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-site</id>
<phase>site</phase>
<goals>
<goal>site</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\target\site</outputDirectory>
<reportPlugins>
<reportPlugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
</reportPlugin>
</reportPlugins>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>default-deploy</id>
<phase>site-deploy</phase>
<goals>
<goal>deploy</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\target\site</outputDirectory>
<reportPlugins>
<reportPlugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
</reportPlugin>
</reportPlugins>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\target\site</outputDirectory>
<reportPlugins>
<reportPlugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
</reportPlugin>
</reportPlugins>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<reporting>
<outputDirectory>D:\maven-test\com\companyname\project-group\target\site</outputDirectory>
</reporting>
</project>
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 15.278 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-03-16T09:01:46+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 18M/210M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn clean dependency:copy-dependencies package（可以打包项目）
这里的 clean 阶段将会被首先执行，然后 dependency:copy-dependencies 目标会被执行，最终 package 阶段被执行。maven把依赖包拷贝到lib下
标准web工程在eclipse中利用m2eclipse插件添加依赖管理后，在部署过程中没有将依赖的jar包自动拷贝到/WEB-INF/lib中。
mvn dependency:copy-dependencies -DoutputDirectory=src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/lib -DincludeScope=runtime
命令将jar包拷贝到/WEB-INF/lib目录下。
Clean 生命周期
> 当我们执行 mvn post-clean 命令时，Maven 调用 clean 生命周期，它包含以下阶段：- pre-clean：执行一些需要在clean之前完成的工作
- clean：移除所有上一次构建生成的文件
- post-clean：执行一些需要在clean之后立刻完成的工作
pre-clean, clean
如果我们运行 mvn post-clean ，则运行以下三个生命周期阶段：
pre-clean, clean, post-clean
Maven 阿里云(Aliyun)仓库
第一步:修改 maven 根目录下的 conf 文件夹中的 settings.xml 文件，在 mirrors 节点上，添加内容如下：
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>alimaven</id>
<name>aliyun maven</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
第二步: pom.xml文件里添加：
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>alimaven</id>
<name>aliyun maven</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
