dom4j解析xml字符串实例

DOM4J

与利用DOM、SAX、JAXP机制来解析xml相比，DOM4J 表现更优秀，具有性能优异、功能强大和极端易用使用的特点，只要懂得DOM基本概念，就可以通过dom4j的api文档来解析xml。dom4j是一套开源的api。实际项目中，往往选择dom4j来作为解析xml的利器。

先来看看dom4j中对应XML的DOM树建立的继承关系

针对于XML标准定义，对应于图2-1列出的内容，dom4j提供了以下实现：

同时，dom4j的NodeType枚举实现了XML规范中定义的node类型。如此可以在遍历xml文档的时候通过常量来判断节点类型了。

常用API

class org.dom4j.io.SAXReader

read 提供多种读取xml文件的方式，返回一个Domcument对象

interface org.dom4j.Document

iterator 使用此法获取node
getRootElement 获取根节点

interface org.dom4j.Node

getName 获取node名字，例如获取根节点名称为bookstore
getNodeType 获取node类型常量值，例如获取到bookstore类型为1——Element
getNodeTypeName 获取node类型名称，例如获取到的bookstore类型名称为Element

interface org.dom4j.Element

attributes 返回该元素的属性列表
attributeValue 根据传入的属性名获取属性值
elementIterator 返回包含子元素的迭代器
elements 返回包含子元素的列表

interface org.dom4j.Attribute

getName 获取属性名
getValue 获取属性值

interface org.dom4j.Text

getText 获取Text节点值

interface org.dom4j.CDATA

getText 获取CDATA Section值

interface org.dom4j.Comment

getText 获取注释

实例一：

//先加入dom4j.jar包 
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.DocumentException;

import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;

import org.dom4j.Element;
/**


@Title: TestDom4j.java


@Package


@Description: 解析xml字符串


@author 无处不在


@date 2012-11-20 下午05:14:05


@version V1.0

*/

public class TestDom4j {
public void readStringXml(String xml) {

Document doc = null;

try {
      </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 读取并解析XML文档
      </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> SAXReader就是一个管道，用一个流的方式，把xml文件读出来
      </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span> 
      <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> SAXReader reader = new SAXReader(); </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">User.hbm.xml表示你要解析的xml文档
      </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> Document document = reader.read(new File("User.hbm.xml"));
      </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 下面的是通过解析xml字符串的</span>
      doc = DocumentHelper.parseText(xml); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 将字符串转为XML</span>




            Element rootElt = doc.getRootElement(); // 获取根节点
            System.out.println("根节点：" + rootElt.getName()); // 拿到根节点的名称

            Iterator iter = rootElt.elementIterator("head"); // 获取根节点下的子节点head
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 遍历head节点</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (iter.hasNext()) {

            Element recordEle </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> (Element) iter.next();
            String title </span>= recordEle.elementTextTrim("title"); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到head节点下的子节点title值</span>
            System.out.println("title:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> title);

            Iterator iters </span>= recordEle.elementIterator("script"); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 获取子节点head下的子节点script

            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 遍历Header节点下的Response节点</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (iters.hasNext()) {

                Element itemEle </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> (Element) iters.next();

                String username </span>= itemEle.elementTextTrim("username"); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到head下的子节点script下的字节点username的值</span>
                String password = itemEle.elementTextTrim("password"<span style="color: #000000;">);

                System.out.println(</span>"username:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> username);
                System.out.println(</span>"password:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> password);
            }
        }
        Iterator iterss </span>= rootElt.elementIterator("body"); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">/获取根节点下的子节点body
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 遍历body节点</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (iterss.hasNext()) {

            Element recordEless </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> (Element) iterss.next();
            String result </span>= recordEless.elementTextTrim("result"); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到body节点下的子节点result值</span>
            System.out.println("result:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> result);

            Iterator itersElIterator </span>= recordEless.elementIterator("form"); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 获取子节点body下的子节点form
            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 遍历Header节点下的Response节点</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (itersElIterator.hasNext()) {

                Element itemEle </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> (Element) itersElIterator.next();

                String banlce </span>= itemEle.elementTextTrim("banlce"); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到body下的子节点form下的字节点banlce的值</span>
                String subID = itemEle.elementTextTrim("subID"<span style="color: #000000;">);

                System.out.println(</span>"banlce:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> banlce);
                System.out.println(</span>"subID:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> subID);
            }
        }
    } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">catch</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (DocumentException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();

    } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">catch</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();

    }
}

</span><span style="color: #008000;">/**</span><span style="color: #008000;">
 * @description 将xml字符串转换成map
 * </span><span style="color: #808080;">@param</span><span style="color: #008000;"> xml
 * </span><span style="color: #808080;">@return</span><span style="color: #008000;"> Map
 </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Map readStringXmlOut(String xml) {
    Map map </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> HashMap();
    Document doc </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">try</span><span style="color: #000000;"> {
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 将字符串转为XML</span>
        doc =<span style="color: #000000;"> DocumentHelper.parseText(xml); 
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 获取根节点</span>
        Element rootElt =<span style="color: #000000;"> doc.getRootElement(); 
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到根节点的名称</span>
        System.out.println("根节点：" +<span style="color: #000000;"> rootElt.getName()); 

        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 获取根节点下的子节点head</span>
        Iterator iter = rootElt.elementIterator("head"<span style="color: #000000;">); 
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 遍历head节点</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (iter.hasNext()) {

            Element recordEle </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> (Element) iter.next();
            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到head节点下的子节点title值</span>
            String title = recordEle.elementTextTrim("title"<span style="color: #000000;">); 
            System.out.println(</span>"title:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> title);
            map.put(</span>"title"<span style="color: #000000;">, title);
            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 获取子节点head下的子节点script</span>
            Iterator iters = recordEle.elementIterator("script"<span style="color: #000000;">); 
            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 遍历Header节点下的Response节点</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (iters.hasNext()) {
                Element itemEle </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> (Element) iters.next();
                </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到head下的子节点script下的字节点username的值</span>
                String username = itemEle.elementTextTrim("username"<span style="color: #000000;">); 
                String password </span>= itemEle.elementTextTrim("password"<span style="color: #000000;">);

                System.out.println(</span>"username:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> username);
                System.out.println(</span>"password:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> password);
                map.put(</span>"username"<span style="color: #000000;">, username);
                map.put(</span>"password"<span style="color: #000000;">, password);
            }
        }

        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">获取根节点下的子节点body</span>
        Iterator iterss = rootElt.elementIterator("body"<span style="color: #000000;">); 
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 遍历body节点</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (iterss.hasNext()) {
            Element recordEless </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> (Element) iterss.next();
            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到body节点下的子节点result值</span>
            String result = recordEless.elementTextTrim("result"<span style="color: #000000;">); 
            System.out.println(</span>"result:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> result);
            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 获取子节点body下的子节点form</span>
            Iterator itersElIterator = recordEless.elementIterator("form"<span style="color: #000000;">); 
            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 遍历Header节点下的Response节点</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (itersElIterator.hasNext()) {
                Element itemEle </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> (Element) itersElIterator.next();
                </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到body下的子节点form下的字节点banlce的值</span>
                String banlce = itemEle.elementTextTrim("banlce"<span style="color: #000000;">); 
                String subID </span>= itemEle.elementTextTrim("subID"<span style="color: #000000;">);

                System.out.println(</span>"banlce:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> banlce);
                System.out.println(</span>"subID:" +<span style="color: #000000;"> subID);
                map.put(</span>"result"<span style="color: #000000;">, result);
                map.put(</span>"banlce"<span style="color: #000000;">, banlce);
                map.put(</span>"subID"<span style="color: #000000;">, subID);
            }
        }
    } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">catch</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (DocumentException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">catch</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> map;
}

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> main(String[] args) {

    </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 下面是需要解析的xml字符串例子</span>
    String xmlString = "&lt;html&gt;" + "&lt;head&gt;" + "&lt;title&gt;dom4j解析一个例子&lt;/title&gt;"
            + "&lt;script&gt;" + "&lt;username&gt;yangrong&lt;/username&gt;"
            + "&lt;password&gt;123456&lt;/password&gt;" + "&lt;/script&gt;" + "&lt;/head&gt;"
            + "&lt;body&gt;" + "&lt;result&gt;0&lt;/result&gt;" + "&lt;form&gt;"
            + "&lt;banlce&gt;1000&lt;/banlce&gt;" + "&lt;subID&gt;36242519880716&lt;/subID&gt;"
            + "&lt;/form&gt;" + "&lt;/body&gt;" + "&lt;/html&gt;"<span style="color: #000000;">;

    </span><span style="color: #008000;">/*</span><span style="color: #008000;">
     * Test2 test = new Test2(); test.readStringXml(xmlString);
     </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span><span style="color: #000000;">
    Map map </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> readStringXmlOut(xmlString);
    Iterator iters </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> map.keySet().iterator();
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (iters.hasNext()) {
        String key </span>= iters.next().toString(); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到键</span>
        String val = map.get(key).toString(); <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 拿到值</span>
        System.out.println(key + "=" +<span style="color: #000000;"> val);
    }
}

}

实例二：

/**
 * 解析包含有DB连接信息的XML文件
 * 格式必须符合如下规范：
 * 1. 最多三级，每级的node名称自定义；
 * 2. 二级节点支持节点属性，属性将被视作子节点；
 * 3. CDATA必须包含在节点中，不能单独出现。
 *
 * 示例1——三级显示：
 * <db-connections>
 *         <connection>
 *            <name>DBTest</name>
 *            <jndi></jndi>
 *            <url>
 *                <![CDATA[jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8]]>
 *             </url>
 *            <driver>org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver</driver>
 *             <user>test</user>
 *            <password>test2012</password>
 *            <max-active>10</max-active>
 *            <max-idle>10</max-idle>
 *            <min-idle>2</min-idle>
 *            <max-wait>10</max-wait>
 *            <validation-query>SELECT 1+1</validation-query>
 *         </connection>
 * </db-connections>
 *
 * 示例2——节点属性：
 * <bookstore>
 *         <book category="cooking">
 *            <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
 *            <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>
 *            <year>2005</year>
 *            <price>30.00</price>
 *         </book>
 *
 *         <book category="children" title="Harry Potter" author="J K. Rowling" year="2005" price="$29.9"/>
 * </bookstore>

 *
 * @param configFile
 * @return
 * @throws Exception
 */
public static List<Map<String, String>> parseDBXML(String configFile) throws Exception {
    List<Map<String, String>> dbConnections = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();
    InputStream is = Parser.class.getResourceAsStream(configFile);
    SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
    Document document = saxReader.read(is);
    Element connections = document.getRootElement();
Iterator</span>&lt;Element&gt; rootIter =<span style="color: #000000;"> connections.elementIterator();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">while</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (rootIter.hasNext()) {
    Element connection </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> rootIter.next();
    Iterator</span>&lt;Element&gt; childIter =<span style="color: #000000;"> connection.elementIterator();
    Map</span>&lt;String, String&gt; connectionInfo = <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">();
    List</span>&lt;Attribute&gt; attributes =<span style="color: #000000;"> connection.attributes();
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> (<span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span> i = 0; i &lt; attributes.size(); ++i) { <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 添加节点属性</span>

            connectionInfo.put(attributes.get(i).getName(), attributes.get(i).getValue());

}

while (childIter.hasNext()) { // 添加子节点

Element attr = childIter.next();

connectionInfo.put(attr.getName().trim(), attr.getText().trim());

}

dbConnections.add(connectionInfo);

}
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> dbConnections;

}

posted @ 2018-10-11 17:30 星朝阅读(405) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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