Linux-git安装篇--以及编译安装失败处理

Linux环境的git安装有多种方法：1，yum install git*,这样的方法是有局限性，据说yum源中安装的git版本是1.7.1，Github等需要的Git版本最低都不能低于1.7.2，我的虚拟机系统版本是CentOS6，yum源里是没有git可供下载的，所以我们现在考虑方法2或者方法3；2， 云端下载git版本，然后解压编译。3，网上下载git版本，然后导入Linux的指定目录下，解压编译

下面的方法都是方法2/3需要经历的过程：

1.安装yum依赖包

 需要拥有一定的权限，这里我用的是root权限，

  yum install zlib-devel 
  yum install openssl-devel 
  yum install perl 
  yum install cpio 
  yum install expat-devel 
  yum install gettext-devel 
  yum install autoconf 

2.下载git源码

wget https://github.com/git/git/archive/v2.3.0.zip

 unzip v2.3.0.zip

 cd git-2.3.0

3.编译安装git

将其安装在“/usr/local/git”目录下。

make prefix=/usr/local/git all

make prefix=/usr/local/git install

这里有可以会报错：

usr/bin/perl Makefile.PL PREFIX='/usr/local/git' INSTALL_BASE='' --localedir='/usr/local/git/share/locale'

Can't locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at Makefile.PL line 3.

BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Makefile.PL line 3.

make[1]: *** [perl.mak] Error 2

make: *** [perl/perl.mak] Error 2

解决方法：

安装依赖包：yum install perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker package.

然后再重新编译安装git：

make prefix=/usr/local/git all

make prefix=/usr/local/git install

4.配置环境变量

 进入环境变量配置文件：vim /etc/profile

 pATH里添加git的指定路径：我的路径是，/usr/local/git/bin

  source /etc/profile:这个命令是让修改的文件生效

 完了之后查看git是否安装成功：git --version

 5.生成SSH密钥过程

[root@localhost bin]# git config --global user.name "oscar.xie"
[root@localhost bin]# git config --global user.email "oscar.xie@amoby.com"
[root@localhost bin]# cd ~/.ssh
-bash: cd: /root/.ssh: No such file or directory
[root@localhost bin]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -C “oscar.xie@amoby.com”
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):   这里输入回车
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):            这里输入回车
Enter same passphrase again:                                   这里输入回车   3个回车输入表示密码为空！

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
74:e9:ef:c5:f3:73:df:93:51:42:92:4b:ad:c4:c5:f5 “oscar.xie@amoby.com”
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| . =...|
| .* + .|
| . oo = E|
| . o o . .|
| S . ..|
| . . . |
| . + o|
| . . *o|
| . O|
+-----------------+
[root@localhost bin]# cd ~/.ssh
[root@localhost .ssh]# ll
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Nov 19 19:37 id_rsa
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 407 Nov 19 19:37 id_rsa.pub