【测试理论】一个表格比较regression，smoke，sanity testing区别

英文版，外企面试喜欢考

Testing Type	Definition	Purpose	When to Perform	Techniques	Challenges
Regression	Ensures previously developed software still performs correctly after changes or interfacing with other software.	To ensure changes haven’t adversely affected existing features.	After new functionality development, defect fixing, or software patches/updates.	Re-testing, re-execution of test cases, automated test suites.	Time and resource-intensive, requires comprehensive understanding of the software’s functionality.
Smoke	Ensures the most crucial features of a program work correctly before proceeding with further testing.	To verify the build is stable enough for further testing and to identify issues early.	After a build is released, before more comprehensive testing begins.	Executing basic functionality tests that cover the most critical aspects.	Risk of overlooking subtle issues and not capturing defects in complex scenarios.
Sanity	Checks whether new functionality or bug fixes have not impacted the existing functionalities of the application.	To quickly determine if changes or fixes have not caused major issues with existing functionality.	After minor fixes or changes, or after introducing new features.	Running a set of basic tests on the affected area(s) to ensure core functionality remains intact.	Balancing depth of testing with the need for quick feedback, limited scope can lead to a false sense of security.

中文版

测试类型	定义	目的	执行时机	技术方法	挑战
回归测试	确保修改或与其他软件接口后的软件仍然正确执行	确保对软件的更改（修复或增强）没有负面影响	新功能开发后、缺陷修复后或软件补丁更新后	重新测试、重新执行测试用例、自动化测试套件	时间和资源密集，需要全面理解软件功能
冒烟测试	确保程序最关键的功能在进一步测试前正确工作	验证构建是否稳定，及早发现问题	构建发布后，全面测试前	执行基本功能测试，关注关键方面	可能忽略更微妙的问题，未捕获复杂场景中的缺陷
快速测试	检查新添加的功能或错误修复是否影响现有功能	快速确定更改或修复是否对现有功能造成重大影响	进行小修复或更改后，或引入新功能后	运行受影响区域的基本测试集	测试深度与快速反馈需求之间的平衡，有限范围可能导致虚假安全感