devote [dɪ'vəʊt] 奉献，致力于 devote sth. to sth/sb. 把...奉献给...
account [ə'kaʊnt] 账户，描述 acc-强调，有to专指的意思，count计数 ant-名词、形容词后缀 accountant 会计
heredity [hə'redəti] n.遗传（过程）；遗传特征 heres 继承者
endow [ɪn'daʊ] v.资助；网络捐赠；赋予；赋予，授予
constitute ['kɒnstɪ.tjuːt] v.构成；组成；（被认为或看作）是；被算作 v.设立 con-一起、全部 sit- =st- 站着
race [reɪs] n.种族；赛跑；竞争；民族 v.（和…）比赛；参加比赛；adj.人种的
differ from 与...不同
substitution...for... 用...替换...
endeavoure [ɪn'devə(r)] n.尽力 v.努力
doctrine ['dɒktrɪn] n.学说；教义；信条；主义 doct，doc-说
phenomenon [fə'nɒmɪnən]
verification [ˌverɪfɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] n.验证；检验；证明；var,ver-改变 fic-=make做
contemporary [kənˈtɛmp(ə)r(ə)ri] adj.现代的；当代的；当时的；同时代的 n.与…同时代的人；当时的人；同龄人 tempor- 时间
occasionally [ə'keɪʒ(ə)nəli] adv.偶尔；有时候；偶然 occasion n.时机； oc-使 cas- 落下
sundry [ˈsʌndri] adj.各式各样的
espouse [ɪ'spaʊz] v.抛弃
prejudice ['predʒʊdɪs] n.偏见；成见
preconceived [.priːkən'siːvd] adj.预想的； 事先认为的（尤指为认真思考的）
The following work is devoted to an account of the characteristics of crowds. The whole of the common characteristics with which heredity endows the individuals of the race constitute the genius of the race. When, however, a certain number of these individuals are gathered together in a crowd for purposes of action, observation proves that, from the mere fact of their being assembled, there result certain new psychology characteristics, which are added to the racial characteristics and differ from them at times to a very considerable degree.
Organised crowds have always played an important part in the life of people , but this part has never been of such moment as at present. The substitution of the unconscious action of crowds for conscious activity of individuals is one of the principal characteristics of the present age.
I have endeavoured to examine the difficult problem presented by crowd in purely scientific manner -- that is, by making an effort to proceed with method, and without being influeced by opinions, theories, and doctrines. this, I believe, is the only mode of arriving at the discovery of some few particles of truth, especially when dealing, as is the case here, with a question that is the subject of impassioned . A man of science bent on verifying a phenomenon is not called upon to concern himself with interets his verifications may hurt. In a recent publication an eminent thinker, M. Goblet d'Alviela, made the remark that,belonging to none of the contemporary schools, I an occasionally found in opposition of sundry of the conclusions of all of them. I hope this new work will merit a similar obsevation. To belong to a school is necessarily to espouse its prejudices and preconceived opinions.
