java邮件发送（转）

转自http://blog.csdn.net/yyw6637/article/details/8777494

2013-04-09 14:13 85人阅读 评论(1) 收藏 举报

Spring

pring对邮件发送支持的很好，我们只要配置好邮件发送器，写好邮件发送具体操作类的方法，那么实现就不是很难的事，不过这个过程中经常会出现这样或那样的错误，所以待讲完本篇后我会总体总结下spring邮件发送容易发生的错误及解决办法

关于邮件发送，不外乎有这么几种情况，一种是纯文本的发送，一种是HTML形式的发送，一种就是发送时带有附件，一种就是发送时采取的事群发，针对这几个我将一一来讲下，我的代码中将第一中归为一大类，后面三种归为一代类，所以将会出现两种配置文件

第一大类邮件发送【纯文本发送】

必须包：spring.jar,common-logging.jar,mail.jar,servlet.jar，common-collection.jar

首先我们来看spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

<span style="font-size: medium;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
    <!--定义邮件发送器，配置好发送者详细信息-->
    <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
        <property name="host" value="smtp.163.com" />
        <property name="port" value="25" />
        <property name="username" value="emailusername" />
        <property name="password" value="emailpassword" />
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
        <property name="javaMailProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="emailService" class="com.javacrazyer.comon.SendOrderConfirmationEmailAdvice">
        <property name="mailSender" ref="mailSender" />
    </bean>

</beans></span>

用到的实体类Order.java

<span style="font-size: medium;">package com.javacrazyer.comon;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Order implements Serializable {

    /* Private Fields */

    private int orderId;
    private String username;
    private String useremail;

    public int getOrderId() {
        return orderId;
    }

    public void setOrderId(int orderId) {
        this.orderId = orderId;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getUseremail() {
        return useremail;
    }

    public void setUseremail(String useremail) {
        this.useremail = useremail;
    }

}
</span>

 

 邮件发送类的接口类MailService.java

<span style="font-size: medium;">package com.javacrazyer.comon;


/**
 * 使用Spring发送邮件
 *
 */

public interface MailService {


    void sendOrderMail(Order order);

}
</span>

 

具体实现的邮件发送类SendOrderConfirmationEmailAdvice.java

<span style="font-size: medium;">package com.javacrazyer.comon;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.springframework.mail.MailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;

public class SendOrderConfirmationEmailAdvice implements MailService{

    private String from="emailusername@163.com"; //发送人邮箱地址,必须与spring配置文件中的邮箱地址一样
    private String registeTemplateName = "com/javacrazyer/comon/mail_registe.txt";
    private MailSender mailSender;

    public void setMailSender(MailSender mailSender) {
        this.mailSender = mailSender;
    }


    public void sendOrderMail(Order order) {
        //SimpleMialMessage只能用来发送TEXT格式的邮件
        SimpleMailMessage mail = new SimpleMailMessage();
        mail.setFrom(this.from);
        mail.setTo(order.getUseremail());
        mail.setSubject("恭喜你成功注册成为SOMEDAY商城的会员!");
        mail.setText(loadTemplateContent(registeTemplateName).replaceAll("\\$\\{LOGINNAME\\}", order.getUsername()));
        this.mailSender.send(mail);

    }



    private String loadTemplateContent(String templateName){
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        BufferedReader br= null;
        try{
            br = new BufferedReader(
                    new InputStreamReader(
                        Thread.currentThread()
                              .getContextClassLoader()
                              .getResourceAsStream(templateName), "UTF-8"));

            String lineSeparator = System.getProperty("line.separator");
            for(String str = null; (str = br.readLine()) != null;){
                sb.append(str);
                sb.append(lineSeparator);
            }
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            if(br != null){
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        return sb.toString();
    }



}</span>

 用到的mail_registe.txt

<span style="font-size: medium;">亲爱的${LOGINNAME}：您好!
恭喜你成为SOMEDAY商城的会员!

你的登录用户名为：${LOGINNAME}
你的登录口令为：******(隐藏)

本站网址：http://www.yoursitename.cn
联系邮箱：hr@yoursite.cn</span>

 

测试发送

<span style="font-size: medium;">package com.javacrazyer.service.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.javacrazyer.comon.MailService;
import com.javacrazyer.comon.Order;

public class UserServiceTest {

    @Test
    public void test() throws InterruptedException {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "applicationContext.xml");
        MailService sf = (MailService) context.getBean("emailService");
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setUsername("cheneywu");
        order.setUseremail("xxxxxx@qq.com");
        sf.sendOrderMail(order);
    }
}</span>

 注意查收邮箱中的信息哦

第二大类邮件发送【HTML格式的发送，群发，附件】

  除了上面包外，还需要spring-webmvc.jar,freemarker.jar,为什么需要freemarker呢，因为要发送HTML格式的文件，所以要先写好HTML内容的文件，然后用模板freemarker匹配其中的值，Spring中对freemarker也有很好的支持

 spring配置文件applicatonContext-html.xml

<span style="font-size: medium;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
    <bean id="freeMarker"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="classpath:mailTemplate" />
        <!--指定模板文件目录-->
        <property name="freemarkerSettings"><!-- 设置FreeMarker环境属性-->
            <props>
                <prop key="template_update_delay">1800</prop><!--刷新模板的周期，单位为秒-->
                <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop><!--模板的编码格式 -->
                <prop key="locale">zh_CN</prop><!-- 本地化设置-->
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 注意:这里的参数(如用户名、密码)都是针对邮件发送者的 -->
    <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
        <property name="host" value="smtp.163.com" />
        <property name="port" value="25" />
        <property name="username" value="emailusername" />
        <property name="password" value="emailpassword" />
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
        <property name="javaMailProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="emailService" class="com.javacrazyer.comon.EmailService">
        <property name="mailSender" ref="mailSender"></property>
        <property name="freeMarkerConfigurer" ref="freeMarker"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>    </span>

 模板文件目mailTemplate下的模板文件registe.ftl 【这个文件无名字、后缀无所谓，只要内容是HTML内容即可】

<span style="font-size: medium;"><html>
   <head>
      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf8">
   </head>
   <body>
       恭喜您成功注册！您的用户名为：<font color='red' size='30'>${LOGINNAME}</font>
   </body>
</html>  </span>

 具体邮件发送类EmailService.java

  

<span style="font-size: medium;">package com.javacrazyer.comon;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

import org.springframework.mail.MailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateUtils;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer;

import freemarker.template.Template;

public class EmailService implements MailService {

    private JavaMailSender mailSender;
    private FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer = null; // FreeMarker的技术类

    public void setMailSender(JavaMailSender mailSender) {
        this.mailSender = mailSender;
    }



    public void setFreeMarkerConfigurer(
            FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer) {
        this.freeMarkerConfigurer = freeMarkerConfigurer;
    }
    /**
     * 发送带模板的单个html格式邮件
     */
    public void sendOrderMail(Order order) {
        MimeMessage msg = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        // 设置utf-8或GBK编码，否则邮件会有乱码，true表示为multipart邮件

        try {
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true, "utf-8");
            helper.setTo(order.getUseremail()); // 邮件接收地址
            helper.setFrom("emailusername@163.com"); // 邮件发送地址,这里必须和xml里的邮件地址相同一致
            helper.setSubject("你好，恭喜你注册成功"); // 主题
            String htmlText;
            htmlText = getMailText(order.getUsername());
            helper.setText(htmlText, true); // 邮件内容，注意加参数true，表示启用html格式
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } // 使用模板生成html邮件内容

        mailSender.send(msg); // 发送邮件
    }

    /**
     * 批量发送带附件的html格式邮件，带附件
     */
    public void sendBatchEmail(Order order, List<String> address) {

        MimeMessage msg = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        try {
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true, "utf-8");
            String toList = getMailList(address);
            InternetAddress[] iaToList = new InternetAddress().parse(toList);
            msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, iaToList);
            helper.setFrom("emailusername@163.com");
            helper.setSubject("你好，恭喜你注册成功");
            String htmlText = getMailText(order.getUsername());
            helper.setText(htmlText, true);
            // 添加内嵌文件，第1个参数为cid标识这个文件,第2个参数为资源
            helper.addInline("a", new File("E:/11.jpg")); // 附件内容
            helper.addInline("b", new File("E:/12.jpg"));
            File file = new File("E:/各种框架图介绍.docx");
            // 这里的方法调用和插入图片是不同的，使用MimeUtility.encodeWord()来解决附件名称的中文问题
            helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeWord(file.getName()), file);
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // 如果主题出现乱码，可以使用该函数，也可以使用下面的函数
        // helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(String text,String
        // charset,String encoding))
        // 第2个参数表示字符集，第三个为目标编码格式。
        // MimeUtility.encodeWord(String word,String charset,String encoding)
        mailSender.send(msg);
    }

    /**
     * 集合转换字符串
     */
    public String getMailList(List<String> to) {
        StringBuffer toList = new StringBuffer();
        int length = to.size();
        if (to != null && length < 2) {
            toList.append(to.get(0));
        } else {
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                toList.append(to.get(i));
                if (i != (length - 1)) {
                    toList.append(",");
                }
            }
        }
        return toList.toString();
    }

    // 通过模板构造邮件内容，参数content将替换模板文件中的${content}标签。
    private String getMailText(String content) throws Exception {
        String htmlText = "";
        // 通过指定模板名获取FreeMarker模板实例
        Template tpl = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate(
                "registe.ftl");
        Map map = new HashMap(); // FreeMarker通过Map传递动态数据
        map.put("LOGINNAME", content); // 注意动态数据的key和模板标签中指定的属性相匹配
        // 解析模板并替换动态数据，最终content将替换模板文件中的${content}标签。
        htmlText = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(tpl, map);
        return htmlText;
    }

}</span>

  单一发送HTML格式的邮件测试

  

 

 

<span style="font-size: medium;">package com.javacrazyer.service.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.javacrazyer.comon.MailService;
import com.javacrazyer.comon.Order;

public class UserServiceTest {

    @Test
    public void test() throws InterruptedException {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "applicationContext-html.xml");
        MailService sf = (MailService) context.getBean("emailService");
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setUsername("cheneywu");
        order.setUseremail("xxxxxx@qq.com");
        sf.sendOrderMail(order);
    }
}
</span>

 收到邮件了

群发，带附件的测试

<span style="font-size: medium;">package com.javacrazyer.service.test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.javacrazyer.comon.EmailService;
import com.javacrazyer.comon.Order;

public class UserServiceTest {

    @Test
    public void test() throws InterruptedException {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "applicationContext-html.xml");
        EmailService sf = (EmailService) context.getBean("emailService");
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setUsername("cheneywu");
        List<String> maillist = new ArrayList<String>();
        maillist.add("XXXXXX@qq.com");
        maillist.add("YYYYYY@qq.com");
        sf.sendBatchEmail(order, maillist);
    }
}
</span>

 收到邮件了哦

 看到了没有，这个上边有两个接收人，下边的是附件