栈的应用-符号匹配

//
//  Stack.h
//  顺序栈
//
//  Created by geshenglu on 2020/3/21.
//  Copyright © 2020 geshenglu. All rights reserved.
//

#ifndef Stack_h
#define Stack_h
template<class Elemtype>
class Stack
{
public:
    virtual bool IsEmpty() const =0;
    virtual void Push(const Elemtype&x)=0;
    virtual Elemtype Pop()=0;
    virtual Elemtype Top()const =0;
    virtual ~Stack(){};
};
#endif /* Stack_h */

//
//  SeqStack.h
//  顺序栈
//
//  Created by geshenglu on 2020/3/21.
//  Copyright © 2020 geshenglu. All rights reserved.
//

#ifndef SeqStack_h
#define SeqStack_h
#include "Stack.h"
template<class Elemtype>
class SeqStack:public Stack<Elemtype>
{
private:
    Elemtype *data;
    int maxSize;
    int top_p;
    void doubleSpace();
public:
    SeqStack(int initSize = 10)
    {
        maxSize = initSize;
        data =  new Elemtype[maxSize];
        top_p = -1;
    }
    ~SeqStack()
    {
        delete [] data;
    }
    virtual bool IsEmpty() const override;
    virtual void Push(const Elemtype&x)override;
    virtual Elemtype Pop()override;
    virtual Elemtype Top()const override;
};

template<class Elemtype>
void SeqStack<Elemtype>::doubleSpace()
{
    Elemtype *tmp = data;
    data = new  Elemtype[maxSize*2];
    for (int i=0; i<maxSize; ++i)
        data[i] = tmp[i];
    maxSize *= 2;
    delete tmp;
}

template<class Elemtype>
 bool SeqStack<Elemtype>::IsEmpty() const
{
    return top_p == -1;
}

template<class Elemtype>
void SeqStack<Elemtype>::Push(const Elemtype&x)
{
    if(top_p == maxSize - 1)
    {
        doubleSpace();
    }
    data[++top_p]=x;
}

template<class Elemtype>
Elemtype SeqStack<Elemtype>::Pop()
{
    return data[top_p--];
}


template<class Elemtype>
Elemtype SeqStack<Elemtype>::Top() const
{
    return data[top_p];
}

#endif /* SeqStack_h */

//
//  Balance.h
//  括号匹配
//
//  Created by geshenglu on 2020/3/25.
//  Copyright © 2020 geshenglu. All rights reserved.
//

#ifndef Balance_h
#define Balance_h
#include <fstream>
class Balance{
    std::ifstream fin;
    int currentLine;
    int Errors;
    struct Symbol{
        char Token;
        int TheLine;
    };
    enum class CommentTpye{
        SlashSlash,
        SlashStar
    };
    bool CheckMatch(char Symba1,char Symba2,int Line1,int Line2);
    char GetNextSymbol();
    void PutBackChar(char ch);
    void SkipComment(enum class CommentTyp type);
    void SkipQuote(char type);
    char NextChar();
public:
    Balance(const char *s);
    int CheckBalance();
    class NoFile{};
};

#endif /* Balance_h */

//
//  Balance.cpp
//  括号匹配
//
//  Created by geshenglu on 2020/3/25.
//  Copyright © 2020 geshenglu. All rights reserved.
//

#include "Balance.h"
#include "SeqStack.h"
#include <iostream>
Balance::Balance(const char *s){
    fin.open(s);
    if(!fin)
        throw NoFile();
    currentLine = 1;
    Errors = 0;
}

int Balance::CheckBalance(){
    struct Symbol node;
    SeqStack<Symbol> stack;
    char lastChar,match;
    while(lastChar = GetNextSymbol()){
        switch (lastChar) {
            case '{':case '[':case '(':
                node.Token = lastChar;
                node.TheLine = currentLine;
                stack.Push(node);
                break;
            case '}':case '}':case ')':
                if (stack.IsEmpty()) {
                    ++Errors;
                    std::cout<<"在第"<<currentLine<<"有一个多余的"<<lastChar<<std::endl;
                }
                else{
                    node = stack.Pop();
                    match = node.Token;
                    if(!CheckMatch(match, lastChar, node.TheLine, currentLine))
                        ++Errors;
                }
                break;
        }
    }
    while (!stack.IsEmpty()) {
        ++Errors;
        node = stack.Pop();
        std::cout<<"在第"<<node.TheLine<<"行的符号"<<node.Token<<"不匹配！"<<std::endl;
    }
    return Errors;
}

bool Balance::CheckMatch(char Symba1,char Symba2,int Line1,int Line2){
    if(Symba1=='{'&&Symba2!='}'||Symba1=='('&&Symba2!=')'||Symba1=='['&&Symba2!='}'){
        std::cout<<"发现第"<<Line1<<"行的符号"<<Symba1<<"与第"<<Line2<<"行的符号不匹配"<<std::endl;
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

char Balance::GetNextSymbol(){
    char ch;
    while (ch = NextChar()) {
        if(ch == '\'){
            ch = NextChar();
            if(ch == '\'){
                SkipComment(SlashSlash);
            }
            else if(ch == '*')
                SkipComment(SlashStar);
            else
                PutBackChar(ch);
        }
        else if(ch == '\''||ch == '"'){
            SkipQuote(ch);
        }
        else if(ch == '('||ch == '{'||ch == '['){
            return ch;
        }
    }
    return nullptr;
}

void Balance::PutBackChar(char ch){
    fin.putback(ch);
    if(ch == '\n')
        --currentLine;
}

void Balance::SkipComment(enum CommentType type){
    char ch,flag;
    if(type == SlashSlash){
        while (ch = NextChar() && ch != '\n');
        return;
    }
    flag = '';
    while((ch = NextChar())!= nullptr){
        if(flag == '*' && ch == '/')
            return;
        flag = ch;
    }
    ++Errors;
    std::cout<<"Comment is unterminated!"<<std::endl;
}

void Balance::SkipQuote(char type){
    char ch;
    while(ch = NextChar()){
        if(ch == type)
            return;
        else if (ch == '\n'){
            ++Errors;
            std::cout<<"missing closing quote at line"<<currentLine<<std::endl;
            return;
        }
        else if(ch == '\\')
            ch = NextChar();
    }
}

char Balance::NextChar(){
    char ch;
    if((ch = fin.get())==EOF)
        return nullptr;
    if(ch == '\n')
        ++currentLine;
    return  ch;
}

//
//  main.cpp
//  括号匹配
//
//  Created by geshenglu on 2020/3/25.
//  Copyright © 2020 geshenglu. All rights reserved.
//

#include <iostream>
#include "Balance.h"
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    char fileName[80];
    Balance *p;
    int result;
    try{
        if(argc == 1){
            cout<<"请输入文件名:"<<endl;
            cin>>fileName;
            p = new Balance(fileName);
            result = p->CheckBalance();
            delete p;
            cout<<"共"<<result<<"个错误！"<<endl;
            return 0;
        }
        while(--argc){
            cout<<"检查文件"<<*++argv<<endl;
            p = new Balance(*argv);
            result = p->CheckBalance();
            delete p;
            cout<<"共"<<result<<"个错误！"<<endl;
        }
    }
    catch (Balance::NoFile){
        cout<<"no catch file"<<endl;
    }

    return 0;
}