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在Centos 6.5上安装Oracle RAC 11G
  1. OS和Package安装
 
Centos 6.5：
rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel libXi libXtst
OS package：
-----------------
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
ksh
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
make-3.81-19.el6
sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
 
  1. 内核参数及OS系统配置
 
配置内核参数
--------------------
修改文件/etc/sysctl.conf,添加以下内容
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 3774873 #kernel.shmmax/(getconf PAGESIZE)
kernel.shmmax = 7730941132 #8G（实际内存）*1024*1024*1024*90%
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
改完后执行sysctl –p
 
 
关闭SELINUX
-------------------
修改文件/etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
 
关闭防火墙
--------------------
# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off
 
停止NTP
----------------
# service ntpd stop
# chkconfig ntpd off
# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.orig
# rm /var/run/ntpd.pid
 
pam_limits
----------------
修改文件/etc/pam.d/login，添加以下内容
session required pam_limits.so
 
shell limit
--------------
修改文件/etc/security/limits.conf，添加以下内容
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
 
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
 
/etc/profile
-----------------
修改/etc/profile,添加以下内容
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
 
HOSTS File
---------------
修改 /etc/hosts文件，添加以下内容
Host file
==========
# Public
172.17.16.71 rac1
172.17.16.72 rac2
172.17.16.73 rac3
172.17.16.74 rac4
 
# Private
11.11.11.11 rac1-priv
11.11.11.12 rac2-priv
11.11.11.13 rac3-priv
11.11.11.14 rac4-priv
 
# Virtual
172.17.16.75 rac1-vip
172.17.16.76 rac2-vip
172.17.16.77 rac3-vip
172.17.16.78 rac4-vip
 
# SCAN
172.17.16.80 scanip
 
  1. 创建用户和建立安装目录
 
创建用户
--------------
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 507 asmoper
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle
使用passwd命令设置oracle用户和grid用户的密码
 
建立安装目录
-------------------
 
Oracle Inventory Directory
--------------------------------------
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
 
GI Home Directory
-------------------------
mkdir -p /u01/11.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/11.2.0/grid
chmod -R 775 /u01/11.2.0/grid
 
GI Base Directory
-----------------------
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
 
Oracle Base Directory
-------------------------
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
 
Oracle RDBMS Home Directory
---------------------------
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
 
修改oracle用户的.bash_profile
------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/.bash_profile
 
Node: rac1
-------------------
ORACLE_SID=rsexam1; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac1;export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME= rsexam
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
 
Node: rac2
-------------------
ORACLE_SID=rsexam2; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac2;export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME= rsexam
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
 
Node: rac3
-------------------
ORACLE_SID=rsexam3; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac3;export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME= rsexam
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
 
Node: rac4
-------------------
ORACLE_SID=rsexam4; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac4;export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME= rsexam
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
 
 
修改grid户的.bash_profile
------------------------------------------
/home/grid/.bash_profile
 
Node: rac1
-------------------
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
 
Node: rac2
-------------------
ORACLE_SID=+ASM2; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
 
Node: rac3
-------------------
ORACLE_SID=+ASM3; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
 
Node: rac4
-------------------
ORACLE_SID=+ASM4; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
 
  1. 共享磁盘配置
 
列出磁盘wwid
~~~~~~~~~~~
for i in `cat /proc/partitions | awk '{print $4}' |grep sd | grep [a-z]$`; do echo "### $i: `/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --device=/dev/$i`"; done
 
### sda: 3600605b00c92c9002052d16c08bd9e28
### sdb: 360050763808100d56800000000000008
### sdc: 360050763808100d56800000000000009
### sdd: 360050763808100d5680000000000000a
### sde: 360050763808100d5680000000000000b
### sdf: 360050763808100d5680000000000000c
### sdg: 360050763808100d56800000000000008
### sdh: 360050763808100d56800000000000009
### sdi: 360050763808100d5680000000000000a
### sdj: 360050763808100d5680000000000000b
### sdk: 360050763808100d5680000000000000c
### sdl: 360050763808100d56800000000000008
### sdm: 360050763808100d56800000000000009
### sdn: 360050763808100d5680000000000000a
### sdo: 360050763808100d5680000000000000b
### sdp: 360050763808100d5680000000000000c
### sdq: 360050763808100d56800000000000008
### sdr: 360050763808100d56800000000000009
### sds: 360050763808100d5680000000000000a
### sdt: 360050763808100d5680000000000000b
### sdu: 360050763808100d5680000000000000c
 
根据以上内容，配置多路径：
备份所有主机的/etc/multipath.conf文件
#mv /etc/multipath.conf /etc/multipath.conf.bak
新建 /etc/multipath.conf，添加以下内容
 
defaults {
udev_dir /dev
polling_interval 5
path_grouping_policy failover
getuid_callout "/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --device=/dev/%n"
prio const
path_checker directio
rr_min_io 1000
rr_weight uniform
failback manual
no_path_retry fail
user_friendly_names yes
}
devnode_blacklist {
devnode "^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*"
devnode "^hd[a-z]"
devnode "^cciss!c[0-9]d[0-9]*"
}
multipaths {
multipath {
wwid 360050763808100d56800000000000008
alias ocr_voting1
path_grouping_policy failover
}
multipath {
wwid 360050763808100d56800000000000009
alias ocr_voting2
path_grouping_policy failover
}
multipath {
wwid 360050763808100d5680000000000000a
alias ocr_voting3
path_grouping_policy failover
}
multipath {
wwid 360050763808100d5680000000000000b
alias oradata1
path_grouping_policy failover
}
multipath {
wwid 360050763808100d5680000000000000c
alias oradata2
path_grouping_policy failover
}
}
 
在所有主机配置udev规则，使系统启动时更改共享磁盘属主及权限
 
创建 /etc/udev/rules.d/99-grid-asmdevices-permission.rules文件
#vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-grid-asmdevices-permission.rules
添加以下内容
KERNEL=="dm-[2-8]", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
 
所有主机配置完成后，重启所有主机。
 
  1. 安装Grid软件
安装文件
说明
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
Database安装文件1
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
Database安装文件2
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
Grid安装文件
(1)在所有rac1使用grid用户在/home/grid目录创建grid_soft目录.
 
ftp以下文件主rac1上/home/grid/grid_soft的目录
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
 
 
(2)在主机rac1解压文件
$cd /home/grid/grid_soft
$unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
解压完成后会出现一个grid目录
 
(3)使用root用户安装cvuqdisk文件
#cd /home/grid/grid_soft/grid/rpm
#rpm -Uvh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
 
使用sftp传输cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm到其他主机,并安装
 
#scp cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm root@rac2:/tmp
 
(4)使用vnc或在终端，以grid用户登录到主机的图形界面，开始安装grid
 
注意：
  1. 执行安装程序之前要把环境变量设置为英文
export LANG=en_US.UTF8
 
在节点打开终端，
$cd /home/grid/grid_soft
$export LANG=en_US.UTF8
$ ./runInstaller
 
(5) 开始安装GI
(6) 使用asmca创建磁盘组
执行asmca，启动OUI界面，创建asm磁盘组
6. 安装oracle软件
在所有主机上以oracle用户创建/home/oracle/db_soft
上传以下安装文件到主机rac1
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
 
解压文件：
$unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
$unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
解压完成后，会生成一个database目录
 
使用vnc或其他方式，使用oracle用户登录图形界面，打开终端，执行以下命令，启动安装程序
$cd /home/oracle/db_soft/database
$export LANG=en_US.UTF8
$ ./runInstaller
 
开始安装oracle软件
7．使用dbca创建数据库
以oracle用户登录图形界面，打开终端，执行dbca
 
安装完毕。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
备注:转载请著名出处,谢谢
posted on 2017-09-19 14:42  jerryspec  阅读(183)  评论(0)    收藏  举报