SpringMVC06：整合SSM框架
1、环境说明
- IDEA
- MySQL 5.7.29
- Tomcat 9
- Maven 3.6.3
2、数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表:
CREATE DATABASE `ssm_build`;
USE `ssm_build`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book`;
CREATE TABLE `book` (
`book_id` INT(10) primary key AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`book_name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`book_count` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述'
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `book`(`book_id`,`book_name`,`book_count`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从入门到进牢');
3、基本环境搭建
1、新建一个Maven项目，SSMBuild，添加web支持
2、导入相关pom依赖
<dependencies>
<!-- junit测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.23</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池：c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3、maven资源导出问题
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
4、建立基本构建和配置框架
-
com.org.pojo
-
com.org.mapper
-
com.org.service
-
com.org.controller
-
mybatis-config.xml
-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> </configuration>
-
-
applicationContext.xml
-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd "> </beans>
-
4、MyBatis层
1、编写数据库配置文件database.properties
driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用的MySQL8.0+，需要增加一个时区配置：&serverTimezone = Asia/Shanghai
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_build?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
username=root
password=123456
2、编写实体类(使用Lombok)
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Book {
private Integer bookId;
private String bookName;
private Integer bookCount;
private String detail;
}
3、配置mybatis核心配置文件(mybatis-config.xml)
<settings>
<!-- 开启日志 -->
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
<!-- 开启驼峰命名自动映射 -->
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
</settings>
<!-- 别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="org.com.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
4、编写mapper接口
public interface BookMapper {
// 增加一本书
int addBook(Book book);
// 删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int Id);
// 修改一本书
int updateBook(Book book);
// 根据id查询一本书
Book selectBookById(@Param("bookId") int Id);
// 查询所有书
List<Book> bookList();
}
5、编写相应的映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.com.mapper.BookMapper">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="book">
insert into book (book_id, book_name, book_count, detail)
values(#{bookId}, #{bookName}, #{bookCount}, #{detail})
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int">
delete from book where book_id = #{bookId}
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="book">
update book set book_name=#{bookName}, book_count=#{bookCount},detail= #{detail} where book_id = #{bookId}
</update>
<select id="selectBookById" resultType="book" parameterType="_int">
select * from book where book_id = #{bookId}
</select>
<select id="bookList" resultType="book">
select * from book
</select>
</mapper>
6、编写service接口及其实现类
public interface BookService {
// 增加一本书
int addBook(Book book);
// 删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int Id);
// 修改一本书
int updateBook(Book book);
// 根据id查询一本书
Book selectBookById(int Id);
// 查询所有书
List<Book> bookList();
}
@Service("bookServiceImpl")
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
@Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
@Override
public int addBook(Book book) {
return bookMapper.addBook(book);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookById(int Id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(Id);
}
@Override
public int updateBook(Book book) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(book);
}
@Override
public Book selectBookById(int Id) {
return bookMapper.selectBookById(Id);
}
@Override
public List<Book> bookList() {
return bookMapper.bookList();
}
}
OK，到此，底层需求操作编写完毕！
5、Spring层
1、编写spring-mapper.xml文件整合Spring和MyBatis的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
<!-- 1.读取数据库配置文件
system-properties-mode="NEVER" ：防止${xxx}读取环境变量
-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties" system-properties-mode="NEVER"/>
<!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
<!-- 数据库连接池
dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接
c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
<property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 关联MyBatis配置文件：mybatis-config.xml -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置扫描mapper接口包，动态实现mapper接口注入到spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 给出需要扫描mapper接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="org.com.mapper" />
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
</beans>
2、编写spring-service.xml文件整合Spirng和Service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
">
<!-- 1.扫描service包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.com.service"/>
<!-- 2.配置事务 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置如何管理事务 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!-- 配置事务的属性 -->
<tx:attributes>
<!-- 所有的方法，并不是只读 -->
<tx:method name="*" read-only="false"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 配置拦截哪些方法+事务的属性 -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* org.com.service.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
Spring层搞定！再次理解一下，Spring就是一个大杂烩，一个容器！对吧！
6、SpringMVC层
1、配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 1.DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件，之前被这里坑了！-->
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 2.encodingFilter -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 3.Session过期时间 -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
2、编写spring-mvc.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.com.controller" />
</beans>
3、把每一层的Spring配置文件都导入applicationContext.xml总Spring配置文件
<import resource="spring-mapper.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
下面开始编写Controller层和视图
1、编写BookController类，方法一：查询全部书籍
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("bookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping("bookList")
public String bookList(Model model){
List<Book> books = bookService.bookList();
model.addAttribute("bookList", books);
return "bookList";
}
}
2、编写首页：index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<style type="text/css">
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toBookList">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
3、显示书籍列表页面：bookList.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名字</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('bookList')}">
<tr>
<td>${book.getBookId()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookCount()}</td>
<td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookId()}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toDeleteBook/${book.getBookId()}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
4、方法二：添加书籍
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper(){
return "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Book book){
System.out.println(book);
bookService.addBook(book);
return "redirect:/book/toBookList";
}
5、添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>新增书籍</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCount"><br><br><br>
书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="添加">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
6、方法三：修改书籍
@RequestMapping("toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdatePaper(Model model, int id){
Book book = bookService.selectBookById(id);
System.out.println(book);
model.addAttribute("book", book);
return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updatePaper(Model model, Book book) {
System.out.println(book);
bookService.updateBook(book);
Book book2 = bookService.selectBookById(book.getBookId());
model.addAttribute("book", book2);
return "redirect:/book/toBookList";
}
7、修改书籍页面：updateBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改信息</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>修改信息</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="bookId" value="${book.getBookId()}"/>
书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCount" value="${book.getBookCount()}"/>
书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
8、方法四：删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/toDeleteBook/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/toBookList";
}
配置Tomcat，进行运行！
到目前为止，这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了，可以直接运行进行测试！这个练习十分的重要，大家需要保证，不看任何东西，自己也可以完整的实现出来！
项目结构图：
7、小结
这个是我们的第一个SSM整合案例，一定要烂熟于心！
SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的，学到这里，大家已经可以进行基本网站的单独开发。但是这只是增删改查的基本操作。可以说学到这里，大家才算是真正的步入了后台开发的门。也就是能找一个后台相关工作的底线。
或许很多人，工作就做这些事情，但是对于个人的提高来说，还远远不够！
我们后面还要学习一些 SpringMVC 的知识！
- Ajax
- 文件上传和下载
- 拦截器
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