How to Paraphrase?

How do we paraphrase?

There are many techniques we can use,but essentially paraphrasing can involve three main features:

1.Changing word class(e.g. verbs to nouns)

2.Changing vocabulary(e.g. using synonyms)

3.Changing grammatical structure / word order(e.g. cause and effect;active to passive)

As well as these three techniques,we can also change the reporting verb and / or the way the in-text reference is used.