Python 多进程multiprocessing知识梳理( 对比多线程threading )

多进程multiprocessing知识梳理( 对比多线程threading )

语法条目	多线程	多进程
引入模块	from threading import Thread	from multiprocessing import Process
新建 启动 等待结束	t=Thread (target=func, args=(100， ) ) t.start( ) t.join()	p = Process(target=func, args=('bob', )) p.start() p. join()
数据通信	import queue q = queue. Queue( ) q. put ( item) item = q.get()	from multiprocessing import Queue q = Queue() q. put([42, None, 'hello']) item = q.get()
线程安全加锁	from threading import Lock lock = Lock( ) with lock:     # do something	from multiprocessing import Lock lock = Lock( ) with lock:     # do something
池化技术	from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor with ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:     # 方法1     results = executor. map(func，[1,2,3])     # 方法2     future = executor.submit(func，1)     result = future. result()	from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor with ProcessPoolExecutor() as executor:     # 方法1     results = executor.map(func，[1,2,3])     # 方法2     future = executor.submit( func，1)     result = future. result( )