DHCP配置
DHCP的服务配置
实验拓扑
- 掌握IP Pool的配置方法
- 掌握DHCP的服务器配置方法
- 掌握DHCP客户端的配置方法
- 掌握DHCP中继的配置方法
路由器的DHCP IP Pool配置
[Huawei]dhcp enable
[Huawei]ip pool DHCP
[Huawei-ip-pool-DHCP]gateway-list 192.168.1.1
[Huawei-ip-pool-DHCP]network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-ip-pool-DHCP]excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.100
[Huawei-ip-pool-DHCP]dns-list 8.8.8.8
[Huawei-ip-pool-DHCP]dns-list 114.114.114.114
"选择IP的端口"
[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global PC结果
DHCP+DHCP中继器
实验拓扑图
- 掌握DHCP server作为DHCP的服务端，R2作为DHCP中继器，然而R1是10.10.10.0网段的ip，R3是192.168.1.0网段的ip，先测试进行在R3获取IP再在R1获取IP。
- 两个交换机不用进行配置，相当于集线器
配置IP地址
分别配置 R1 R2 R3 R4 的端口IP地址。
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.0.12.1 24
[R1]interface LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 32
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.0.12.2 24
[R2]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.10.10.1 24
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[R4]dhcp enable
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address dhcp-alloc配置R1和R2之间的路由
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.255
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.255R2连接交换机的接口设置为silent接口，可以保证该网段的发布但不会在这 个接口建立任何邻居。验证两个网络的互通：
[R2]ping 1.1.1.1
PING 1.1.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=40 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=60 ms
--- 1.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
3 packet(s) transmitted
3 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 40/50/60 ms
配置IP Pool
[R1]ip pool DHCP
[R1-ip-pool-DHCP]gateway-list 10.10.10.1
[R1-ip-pool-DHCP]network 10.10.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[R1-ip-pool-DHCP]excluded-ip-address 10.10.10.2 10.10.10.10
[R1-ip-pool-DHCP]dns-list 1.1.1.1
[R1-ip-pool-DHCP]lease day 3
[R3]ip pool DHCP
[R3-ip-pool-DHCP]gateway-list 192.168.1.1
[R3-ip-pool-DHCP]network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[R3-ip-pool-DHCP]excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.10
[R3-ip-pool-DHCP]dns-list 192.168.1.1
[R3-ip-pool-DHCP]lease day 3
验证地址池的配置：
[R1]display ip pool
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Pool-name : DHCP
Pool-No : 0
Position : Local Status : Unlocked
Gateway-0 : 10.10.10.1
Mask : 255.255.255.0
VPN instance : --
IP address Statistic
Total :253
Used :1 Idle :243
Expired :0 Conflict :0 Disable :9
配置全局
配置基于全局地址池的DHCP服务器
在配置好R3的DHCP之后，R4应该可以正常获取到地址：
[R3]dhcp enable
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select global
配置DHCP中继
R3作为临时测试的DHCP Server配置已经完成，但我们实际想使用的DHCP Server为R1，因为DHCP Discover消息无法从客户端直接发给R1，因此在R2 上我们需要配置DHCP中继，让R2作为S1所连接的LAN的网关，帮助这些客户 端传递DHCP请求。
先在R1上启用DHCP：
[R1]dhcp enable
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
在R2上指定DHCP的服务器地址为10.0.12.1，在接口上配置DHCP中继：
[R2]dhcp enable
[R2]dhcp server group DHCP
[R2-dhcp-server-group-DHCP]dhcp-server 10.0.12.1
[R2-dhcp-server-group-DHCP]quit
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select relay
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp relay server-select DHCP 在R2上验证DHCP中继的配置：
[R2]display dhcp server group
Group-name : DHCP
(0) Server-IP : 10.0.12.1
Gateway : --
VPN instance : --
1 DHCP server group(s) in total
[R2]display dhcp relay all
DHCP relay agent running information of interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 :
Server group name : DHCP
Gateway address in use : 10.10.10.1
可以看到R2上配置了一个DHCP组，组里有一台服务器，地址为10.0.12.1， 并且在R2的G0/0/1接口上启用了DHCP中继，中继将会把DHCP请求发送到组 内的服务器10.0.12.1。 为了进一步验证DHCP中继是否部署成功，我们首先关闭R3的接口（为避免 从R3获取地址），然后关闭R4的接口，最后开启接口，正常情况下，R4可以获 取到10.10.10.0/24这个子网的地址。
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