IOTOS物联中台modbus驱动对接科士达精密空调设备

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登录平台：IOTOS®爱投斯物联中台

账号：iotos_test 密码：iotos123

代码地址：IOTOSDK-Python: IOTOS Python版本SDK，自带原生接口和采集引擎 (gitee.com)

前言

Modbus协议是应用于电子控制器上的一种通用语言。通过此协议,控制器相互之间、控制器经由网络例如以太网)和其它设备之间可以通信。它已经成为一通用工业标准。有了它,不同厂商生产的控制设备可以连成工业网络,进行集中监控此协议定义了一个控制器能认识使用的消息结构,而不管它们是经过何种网络进行通信的。它描述了一控制器请求访问其它设备的过程,如果回应来自其它设备的请求,以及怎样侦测错误并记录。它制定了消息域格局和内容的公共格式。

Modbus具有两种串行传输模式：分别为ASCII和RTU。Modbus是一种单主站的主从通信模式，Modbus网络上只能有一个主站存在，主站在Modbus网络上没有地址，每个从站必须有唯一的地址，从站的地址范围为0 - 247，其中0为广播地址，从站的实际地址范围为1 - 247。

Modbus RTU通信以主从的方式进行数据传输，在传输的过程中Modbus RTU主站是主动方，即主站发送数据请求报文到从站，Modbus RTU从站返回响应报文。

驱动目的

驱动将以串口连接的科士达精密空调的数据拿到并上云

适用范围

科士达精密空调，以串口连接工控机或电脑

使用示例
首先，将精密空调的串口连接至工控机或者电脑上：
进入爱投斯中台,账号为iotos_test，密码为iotos123，创建网关

填好网关名称后点击确认

创建设备示例点击【我的设备】 -> 【通信网关】 -> 【设备实例】

填写【设备名称】、选择刚刚创建的【模板驱动】和【通信网关】。参数topic为mqtt订阅的topic，用来拿去设备的数据，host和port为mqtt服务器的地址和端口号

创建数据点，点击【我的设备】 -> 【通信网关】 -> 【设备实例】 -> 【数据点】，并在【设备实例】下拉列表选择刚刚创建的设备实例

点击右边的创建数据点，填写名称

并在高级配置中配置数据点的相关标志

第一个点配置"private"属性用于驱动识别表示第一点

其余的点配置point和index，point表示指向哪个点，index表示取第几个数据，下面示例为第二个数据点，这里point填第一个点的oid，index填1，后面的数据点一次，更改index获取不同位的数据即可

在【我的设备】 -> 【通信网关】中找到刚才创建的网关，点击【高级】

开启云网关，密码为账号密码

点击【我的设备】 -> 【通信网关】 -> 【设备实例】->【数据点】，选择刚才创建的设备实例

即可查看数据已经上报成功

驱动代码
由于精密空调是串口连接，数据需要上报到线上的中台，但是工控机配置过低无法运行驱动文件，所以中间利用mqtt进行了数据的相关转移，若精密空调连接的工控机或者电脑可以直接运行驱动则无需利用mqtt进行数据转移，可以直接上传至中台，这里的代码是包含了mqtt服务的。
数据的获取和mqtt的发布（脚本）

# encoding: utf-8
# python 2.7
import random
import time
import threading
from paho.mqtt import client as mqtt_client
import serial
from serial import Serial
import modbus_tk.modbus_rtu as modbus_rtu

class info():
    def __init__(self):
        self.broker = '***.***.***.***' #mqtt服务器地址,需要自行填写
        self.port = ***    #mqtt的端口，需要自行填写
        self.topic_airc = "/python/mqtt/airc"
        # generate client ID with pub prefix randomly
        self.client_id = 'admin123'


    def connect_mqtt(self):
        def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
            if rc == 0:
                print("Connected to MQTT Broker!")
            else:
                print("Failed to connect, return code %d\n", rc)

        client = mqtt_client.Client(self.client_id)
        client.on_connect = on_connect
        client.connect(self.broker, self.port,60)
        return client


    def publish(self,client):
        while True:
            try:
                time.sleep(3)
                data_rtu = com_get_info()
                msg1 = data_rtu.master()
                msg_1 = "{}".format(msg1)
                result1 = client.publish(self.topic_airc, msg_1)
                status1 = result1[0]
                if status1 == 0:
                    print("Send {} to topic_airc {}".format(msg_1,self.topic_airc))
                else:
                    print("Failed to send message to topic_airc {}".format(self.topic_airc))
            except Exception,e:
                pass

    def run(self):
        self.client = self.connect_mqtt()
        self.client.loop_start()
        self.publish(self.client)

class com_get_info():
    def master(self):
        try:
            serialObjTmp = serial.Serial(port='com11', baudrate=9600, parity='N', bytesize=8, stopbits=1)
            master = modbus_rtu.RtuMaster(serialObjTmp)
            master.set_timeout(5)
            master.set_verbose(False)
            data1 = master.execute(8, 3, 1, 4, data_format='>4H')
            #data1_an = master.execute(8, 3, 1, 4)
            print("1 : " + str(data1))
            #print("2:  " + str(data1_an))
            data2 = master.execute(8, 3, 10, 6, data_format='>6H')
            data3 = master.execute(8, 1, 15, 6)
            data4 = master.execute(8, 1, 25, 36)
            data5 = master.execute(8, 1, 112, 1)

            new_data = ''
            for i in data4[0:5]:
                # 取前五位
                new_data = new_data + str('{:08b}'.format(int(str(i), 16)))
            status = {
                1: 1,
                0: 0
            }

            data_airc = (int(data1[0])*0.1, int(data1[3])*0.1, int(data2[0])*0.1, int(data2[1])*0.1, int(data2[2])*0.1, int(data2[3])*0.1, int(data2[4])*0.1, int(data2[5])*0.1, status[data3[000000005]], status[data3[4]], status[data3[3]], status[data3[2]], status[data3[1]], status[data3[0]], status[int(new_data[7])], status[int(new_data[2])], status[int(new_data[1])], status[int(new_data[0])], status[int(new_data[15])], status[int(new_data[12])], status[int(new_data[11])], status[int(new_data[10])], status[int(new_data[9])], status[int(new_data[8])], status[int(new_data[23])], status[int(new_data[19])], status[int(new_data[31])], status[int(new_data[26])], status[int(new_data[25])], status[int(new_data[24])], status[int(new_data[36])], status[int(data5[0])],)
        
            return data_airc
        except Exception,e:
            pass


if __name__ == '__main__':
    info = info()
    self = info.run()

mqtt的订阅，并将获得的数据上传至中台（驱动文件）

#!coding:utf8
import sys

sys.path.append("..")
from driver import *
import json
import time
import random
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

def on_subscribe(client, userdata, mid, granted_qos):
    print("On Subscribed: qos = %d" % granted_qos)


def on_disconnect(client, userdata, rc):
    if rc != 0:
        print("Unexpected disconnection %s" % rc)

_msg=''
class XyDriver(IOTOSDriverI):
    def on_connect(self,client, userdata, flags, rc):
        print("Connected with result code " + str(rc))
        client.subscribe(self._topic)  # 订阅消息

    def on_message(self, client, userdata, msg):
        self.debug(msg.topic + " " + str(msg.qos) + " " + str(msg.payload))
        # a = msg.payload
        global _msg
        _msg=tuple(eval(msg.payload))
        self.debug('data is collected')
        self.debug(_msg)

    def InitComm(self, attrs):
        self.online(True)
        self.setPauseCollect(False)
        self.setCollectingOneCircle(False)
        self._topic = self.sysAttrs['config']['param']['topic']
        self._host = self.sysAttrs['config']['param']['host']
        self._port = self.sysAttrs['config']['param']['port']
        self.client=mqtt.Client()
        self.client.on_connect = self.on_connect
        self.client.on_message = self.on_message
        self.client.on_subscribe = on_subscribe
        self.client.on_disconnect = on_disconnect
        self.client.username_pw_set(username='', password='')
        # 连接到服务器
        self.client.connect(host=self._host.encode('utf-8'), port=self._port, keepalive=60)
        self.client.loop_start()


    def Collecting(self, dataId):
        try:

            # self.debug('111111111111111111111111111')
            self.client.on_message=self.on_message
            # self.debug('22222222222222222222222222')
            self.debug(_msg)
            if 'private' in self.data2attrs[dataId]['config']['param'] and self.data2attrs[dataId]['config']['param']['private']=='first_point':
                if type(_msg)==tuple:
                    return _msg
            else:
                return ()
        except Exception as e:
            self.debug('error'+e)

驱动解析
编写环境为python2(python3也可以），首先需要导入modbus_tk和paho.mqtt等、数据解析和modbus通讯的相关包

# encoding: utf-8
# python 3.6
import random
import time
import threading
from paho.mqtt import client as mqtt_client
import serial
from serial import Serial
import modbus_tk.modbus_rtu as modbus_rtu

利用modbus_tk里面的modbus_rtu打开服务器的串口并向其发送指令，其中serialObjTmp = serial.Serial(port='com11', baudrate=9600, parity='N', bytesize=8, stopbits=1)中port表示串口号，baudrate表示波特率 parity表示校验位，bytesize表示数据位，stopbits表示停止位。打开串口后利用master.execute(8, 1, 15, 6)向串口发送数据，8表示精密空调的地址，1表示功能码，15表示寄存器起始地址，6表示读取的寄存器的个数。读取数据后进行数据的处理

class com_get_info():
    def master(self):
        try:
            #打开并初始化串口
            serialObjTmp = serial.Serial(port='com11', baudrate=9600, parity='N', bytesize=8, stopbits=1)   #port表示串口号，baudrate表示波特率 parity表示校验位，bytesize表示数据位，stopbits表示停止位
            master = modbus_rtu.RtuMaster(serialObjTmp)
            master.set_timeout(5)
            master.set_verbose(False)
            data1 = master.execute(8, 3, 1, 4, data_format='>4H')
            #data1_an = master.execute(8, 3, 1, 4)
            print("1 : " + str(data1))
            #print("2:  " + str(data1_an))
            #读取数据
            data2 = master.execute(8, 3, 10, 6, data_format='>6H')
            data3 = master.execute(8, 1, 15, 6)
            data4 = master.execute(8, 1, 25, 36)
            data5 = master.execute(8, 1, 112, 1)

            data6 = master.execute(10, 4, 0, 2,'>2I')
            data7 = master.execute(6, 3, 0, 32)

            #数据的处理
            new_data = ''
            for i in data4[0:5]:
                # 取前五位
                new_data = new_data + str('{:08b}'.format(int(str(i), 16)))
            status = {
                1: 1,
                0: 0
            }

            data_airc = (int(data1[0])*0.1, int(data1[3])*0.1, int(data2[0])*0.1, int(data2[1])*0.1, int(data2[2])*0.1, int(data2[3])*0.1, int(data2[4])*0.1, int(data2[5])*0.1, status[data3[000000005]], status[data3[4]], status[data3[3]], status[data3[2]], status[data3[1]], status[data3[0]], status[int(new_data[7])], status[int(new_data[2])], status[int(new_data[1])], status[int(new_data[0])], status[int(new_data[15])], status[int(new_data[12])], status[int(new_data[11])], status[int(new_data[10])], status[int(new_data[9])], status[int(new_data[8])], status[int(new_data[23])], status[int(new_data[19])], status[int(new_data[31])], status[int(new_data[26])], status[int(new_data[25])], status[int(new_data[24])], status[int(new_data[36])], status[int(data5[0])],)
        
            return data_airc
        except Exception,e:
            pass

读取数据并处理后返回，利用mqtt将其发布到对应的topic

class info():
    def __init__(self):
        self.broker = '***.***.***.***' #mqtt服务器地址,需要自行填写
        self.port = ***    #mqtt的端口，需要自行填写
        self.topic_airc = "/python/mqtt/airc"   #准备发布到mqtt的topic
        # generate client ID with pub prefix randomly
        self.client_id = 'admin123'


    def connect_mqtt(self):
        def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
            if rc == 0:
                print("Connected to MQTT Broker!")
            else:
                print("Failed to connect, return code %d\n", rc)

        client = mqtt_client.Client(self.client_id)
        client.on_connect = on_connect
        client.connect(self.broker, self.port,60)
        return client


    def publish(self,client):
        while True:
            try:
                time.sleep(3)
                #com_get_info()函数获取从串口拿到的数据
                data_rtu = com_get_info()
                msg1 = data_rtu.master()
                
                msg_1 = "{}".format(msg1)
                #将msg1发布到对应的topic
                result1 = client.publish(self.topic_airc, msg_1)
                status1 = result1[0]
                if status1 == 0:
                    print("Send {} to topic_airc {}".format(msg_1,self.topic_airc))
                else:
                    print("Failed to send message to topic_airc {}".format(self.topic_airc))
            except Exception,e:
                pass

    def run(self):
        self.client = self.connect_mqtt()
        self.client.loop_start()
        self.publish(self.client)

驱动文件（订阅并将数据上传至中台），首先先导入mqtt和驱动运行的依赖文件

#!coding:utf8
import sys

sys.path.append("..")
from driver import *
import json
import time
import random
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

初始化mqtt和驱动，获取中台上设备示例的配置并且连接至mqtt

def on_subscribe(client, userdata, mid, granted_qos):
    print("On Subscribed: qos = %d" % granted_qos)


def on_disconnect(client, userdata, rc):
    if rc != 0:
        print("Unexpected disconnection %s" % rc)

_msg=''
class XyDriver(IOTOSDriverI):
    def on_connect(self,client, userdata, flags, rc):
        print("Connected with result code " + str(rc))
        client.subscribe(self._topic)  # 订阅消息

    def on_message(self, client, userdata, msg):
        self.debug(msg.topic + " " + str(msg.qos) + " " + str(msg.payload))
        # a = msg.payload
        global _msg
        _msg=tuple(eval(msg.payload))
        self.debug('data is collected')
        self.debug(_msg)

    def InitComm(self, attrs):
        self.online(True)
        self.setPauseCollect(False)
        self.setCollectingOneCircle(False)
        self._topic = self.sysAttrs['config']['param']['topic']
        self._host = self.sysAttrs['config']['param']['host']
        self._port = self.sysAttrs['config']['param']['port']
        self.client=mqtt.Client()
        self.client.on_connect = self.on_connect
        self.client.on_message = self.on_message
        self.client.on_subscribe = on_subscribe
        self.client.on_disconnect = on_disconnect
        self.client.username_pw_set(username='', password='')
        # 连接到服务器
        self.client.connect(host=self._host.encode('utf-8'), port=self._port, keepalive=60)
        self.client.loop_start()

循环采集订阅拿到的数据并且上传至中台

def Collecting(self, dataId):
        try:

            # self.debug('111111111111111111111111111')
            self.client.on_message=self.on_message
            # self.debug('22222222222222222222222222')
            self.debug(_msg)
            #只采集第一个点并将订阅得到的数据返回
            if 'private' in self.data2attrs[dataId]['config']['param'] and self.data2attrs[dataId]['config']['param']['private']=='first_point':
                if type(_msg)==tuple:
                    return _msg
            else:
                return ()
        except Exception as e:
            self.debug('error'+e)

至此，精密空调驱动的开发完成，即可实现精密空调的数据上云

posted @ 2022-03-23 16:15 一路火花带闪电Plus 阅读(67) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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