新概念 3 册 Lesson16
Mary had a little lamb
生词和短语
prize
adj. 受珍视的、珍贵的，宝贵的
tie
v. 拴，系
theft
n. 偷盗行为，偷盗案
accuse
v. 指控
deny
v. 否认
ashamed
adj. 感到羞耻，惭愧
apologize
v. 道歉
dye
v. 染
prize [praɪz]
adj. 心爱的，受珍视的
prize / prized adj. 心爱的
One of Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her.
The idea never appealed to me very much, but one day, after a heavy shower, I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants.
adj. 心爱的
valued / treasured / cherished
vt. 珍爱，珍视
prize / value / treasure / cherish
I’ll ~ our friendship for ever.
This is a lesson you’re going to ~.
adj. 宝贵的，价值连城的
valuable / priceless / precious
precious stone 宝石
It was very old and precious even then.
tie [taɪ]
v. 拴，系
系领带
tie a tie
把...栓在...
tie … to …
Tie the horse to a tree.
The thief was tied / bound(bind) / chained(chain) to a tree.
theft [θeft]
n. 盗窃
theft n. 盗窃 (thief n. 贼)
He is guilty of theft. 犯有盗窃罪
burglary n. 入户行窃
burglar n. 梁上君子
Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle.
pickpocket 扒手
shoplifter 顺手牵羊的贼（商店
从...偷来...
steal sth. from sb.
抢了某人某物
rob sb. of sth.
别客气自己拿 派生（偷
help oneself to sth.
One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.
盗捕、盗猎
poach
Deer have been poached here for years.
贪污
embezzle
The official was charged with embezzling enormous government funds.
accuse [ə'kju:z]
v. 指控；（愤怒地）指责
指控（指责）某人某事
accuse sb. of sth.
I accused him of stealing my sheep.
Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb.
They may even accuse them of disloyalty, or make some spiteful remark about the friends' parents.
批评某人
criticize sb. for sth.
He was criticized for his delay in dealing with the matter.
严厉的批评
censure sb. for sth.
Ministers were censured for their lack of decisiveness during the crisis.
长辈批评晚辈
scold sb. for sth.
His mother scolded him for breaking her favorite vase.
强调归咎于某人
blame sb. for sth.
blame sth. on sb.
They blamed George for the failure.
They blamed the failure on George.
上级批评下级
reprimand sb. for sth.
I was reprimanded by my manager for being late.
Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely.
一致的批评（谴责
condemn A for / as B
The movie was condemned for its sexism.
The terrorist attack was condemned as an act of barbarism and cowardice.
deny [dɪ'naɪ]
v. 否认
deny + sth. / doing / that …
He denied the charge. / knowing about it. / that he had stolen the sheep.
承认
admit / acknowledge + sth. / doing / that …
He admitted / acknowledged the charge. / knowing about it. / that he had stolen the sheep.
ashamed [ə'ʃeɪmd]
adj. 惭愧的，羞耻的
对...羞耻
be ashamed of …
You should be ashamed of your behavior.
耻于去做某事
be ashamed to do
Their behavior makes me ashamed to be Chinese!
v. 使丢脸
shame
disgrace
humiliate
bring shame / disgrace on …
His behavior shamed / disgraced / humiliated / brought shame on / brought disgrace on his family.
n. 羞耻；可惜
shame
Shame on you! 真丢人
What a shame! 真可惜
—John is sick and can’t come to class.
—What a shame!
(A) The man will be sorry later.
(B) The camera should be thrown away.
(C) It's too bad the camera didn't work.
(D) Sarah was quite embarrassed.
M: Just as Sarah was opening the present I realized the camera wasn’t working.
W: What a shame!
Q: What does the woman mean?
Answer: (C) It's too bad the camera didn't work.
使……相形见绌
put sb. / sth. to shame
They have all been put to shame by a boy who, while playing truant, travelled 1,600 miles.
apologize
[ə'pɒlədʒaɪz]
v. 道歉
因为某事向某人道歉
apologize to sb. for sth.
I apologized to him for being late.
make an apology to sb. for sth.
say sorry to sb. for sth.
be apologetic about sth.
He was apologetic about his late arrival.
Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely.
课文
Mary had a little lamb
Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece. One of Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her. She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening. One evening, however, the lamb was missing. The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen.
When Dimitri came in from the fields, his wife told him what had happened. Dimitri at once set out to find the thief. He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village. After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb. He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his backyard. It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While they were talking it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house until the rain stopped. When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find the little black lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed black, had been washed clean by the rain!
参考译文
玛丽与丈夫迪米特里住在希腊南部一个叫波拉考拉的小村庄里。玛丽最珍贵的财产之一就是丈夫送给她的一只白色小羔羊。白天，玛丽把羔羊拴在地里的一颗树上，每天晚上把它牵回家。可是，一天晚上，那只小羔羊失踪了。绳子被人割断，很明显小羔羊是被人偷走了。
迪米特里从地里回来，妻子把情况跟他一说，他马上出去找偷羔羊的人。他知道在这样一个小村庄里抓住小偷并不困难。把失窃的事告诉几个朋友后，迪米特里发出他的邻居阿列科家突然多了一只小羔羊。迪米特里立刻去了阿列科家，气呼呼地指责他偷了羔羊，告诉他最好把羊交还，否则就去叫警察。阿列科不承认，并把迪米特里领进院子。不错，他的确刚买了一只羔羊，阿列科解释说，但他的羔羊是黑色的。迪米特里为自己的鲁莽而感到不好意思，向阿列科道了歉，说是错怪了他。就在他俩说话的时候，天下起了雨，迪米特里便呆在阿列科家里避雨，一直等到雨停为止。半小时后，当他从屋里出来时，他惊奇地发现小黑羔羊全身几乎都变成白色。原来羊毛上染的黑色被雨水冲掉了！
Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece.
in southern Greece
= in the south of Greece
southern … = the south of …
northern … = the north of …
eastern … = the east of …
western … = the west of …
她来自中国西部。
She comes from western China.
She comes from the west of China.
northeastern … = the northeast of …
northwestern … = the northwest of …
southeastern … = the southeast of …
southwestern … = the southwest of …
造句：Jane 和父母亲住在中国东北一个叫丹东的小城市里。
Jane and her parents live in the tiny town of Dandong in northeastern China.
Jane and her parents live in the tiny town of Dandong in the northeast of China.
Greece 希腊
Greek 希腊人
Greek mythology 希腊神话
It’s all Greek to me. 完全看不懂（天书
One of Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her.
prize: prized / treasured / valued / cherished
valuable / priceless / precious
大 形 年 新 颜 国 材 用+中心名词
一张新的很沉的黑色的中国式的圆形的大木餐桌
a heavy big round new black Chinese wooden dining table
… a little white lamb which had been a present from her husband.
She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening.
keep + 宾语 + 宾补 (adj. / 分词 / 介词短语)
The coat will keep you warm.
He kept the fire burning.
It’s rude to keep people waiting.
Keep your nose out of my affairs!
带来
bring
He brought a friend to my home.
带走
take
Don’t forget to take an umbrella.
一去一回
fetch / get(美)
Please fetch / get me some coffee.
Go fetch!(美，对小狗)
One evening, however, the lamb was missing.
be missing / be lost / disappear (without trace)
…, the lamb was lost.
…, the lamb disappeared (without trace).
The rope had been cut, (结so it was obvious (主that the lamb had been stolen.
明显的、显然的
…, so it was clear / obvious / apparent that the lamb had been stolen.
…, so clearly / obviously / apparently the lamb had been stolen.
All the things I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess.
造句：所有我仔细放在包里的东西都乱成了一团，所以显然珠宝是被偷了。
All the things I had packed so carefully were in a dreadful mess, so it was clear / obvious / apparent that the jewels had been stolen.
造句：所有我仔细放在包里的东西都乱成了一团，所以显然珠宝是被偷了。
All the things I had packed so carefully were in a dreadful mess, so clearly / obviously / apparently the jewels had been stolen.
When Dimitri came in from the fields, his wife told him what had happened.Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.
set out to do（带着目的）开始做某事
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.
开始做某事
begin to do / doing
start to do / doing
come to do
Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times.
When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attempt to produce less of it.
get to do / to doing
I get to like her over the months.
He’s got to thinking it was all his fault.
They had a definite meaning, for they were as near as early man could get to writing.
上船、飞机（开始
embark on sth.
Armed with the right tools and materials, newlyweds gaily embark on the task of decorating their own homes.
He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village.
such a small village
so small a village
such an interesting book
so interesting a book
many / much / few / little 用so
so many people
so much time
so few students
so little money 少
so little a boy 小
such a little boy 小
After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb.
Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb.
告诉某人某事
tell sb. (about) sth.
report / relate / recount sth. to sb.
After reporting / relating / recounting the theft to several of his friends, …
We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.
The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from?
复合连词
in that ... 因为
except that ... / but that … 除了...之外、要不是
He told him he had better return it or he would call the police.
威胁语气
had better do sth. or (else) ...
You’d better go out at once or (else) I’ll throw you out of the window.
威胁语气
do sth. before …
Get away from here before I call the police.
否则
otherwise
Put on a heavy coat, otherwise / or (else) you’ll catch a cold.
最好做某事
had better do sth. （不礼貌、不客气
You’d better pay him a visit tomorrow.
客气的说法
You might as well do ...
It might be better to do ...
I suggest you do ...
报警
call the police
go to the police
At first, she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again―the letter had made that quite clear―she changed her mind.
通知警方
inform the police
Mrs. Ramsy was not to inform the police and had to pay ￡1,000.
Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his backyard.
指控、指责
deny + sth. / doing / that …
Aleko denied the accusation / charge.
Aleko denied that he had taken it.
承认
admit / acknowledge + sth. / doing / that …
领着某人
lead sb.
show sb.
George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely used.
领着某人（领座员
usher sb.
The secretary ushered me into his office.
It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black.
诚然...但是...（先让步，在
It is true that ..., but ...
造句：诚然中国还是一个发展中国家，但是她却充满了潜力。
It is true that China is still a developing country, but she is full of potential.
It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.
转折--重要
It is true that ..., but ...
Admittedly, ..., but ...
Granted, …, but …
Admittedly, I could have tried harder, but I still don't think all this criticism is fair.
Granted, he doesn't look too bad for his age, but I don't fancy him.
Granted, a snobbery of camping itself, based upon equipment and techniques, already exists; but it is of a kind that, if he meets it, he can readily understand and deal with.
It is true that / Admittedly, / Granted, ...,
--but that is not to say that ...
--but it does not follow that ...
--but it does not necessarily mean that ...
--but there is no guarantee that …
造句：确实很多大学生选择继续读研究生 (pursue their graduate studies)，但这并不意味着他们都想做学者。
It is true that many college students choose to pursue their graduate studies, but it does not necessarily mean that they want to be scholars.
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him.
对...羞愧
be ashamed of ...
Being ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. （being做非谓语动词可以省略
The gaoler looked on eagerly, (being) anxious to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines.
He used to sleep during the day and work at night, (being) quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley.
(Being) Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.
动名词的时态和语态
| 时态/语态 | 主动 | 被动 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般时 | doing | being done |
| 完成时 | having done | having been done |
apologize to sb. for sth.
Dimitri made an apology to Aleko for having accused him.
Dimitri said sorry to Aleko for having accused him.
造句：对自己如此不小心 (inattentively) 而感到不好意思, 我为打碎了 Mary 最喜欢的花瓶而向她道歉。
Ashamed of having acted so inattentively, I apologized to Mary for having broken her favorite vase.
(时While they were talking) it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house (时until the rain stopped).
(时When he went outside (时half an hour later), he was astonished (原to find (宾that the little black lamb was almost white.
half an hour 半小时
an hour and a half 一个半小时
be surprised / amazed / astonished / astounded to find that / to learn that etc.
When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.
A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died.
Its wool, (非定which had been dyed black), had been washed clean by the rain!
染成...
dye sth. black / blue / blonde etc.
Jane has dyed her hair blonde.
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