蟒蛇书（Python编程：从入门到实践）第17章使用API 17.1.4处理API响应报错Caused by ProxyError('Unable to connect to proxy', OSError(0, 'Error'))的解决办法

书上提供的原始代码：

import requests

# 执行API调用并存储响应
url = 'https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=language:python&sort=stars'
headers = {'Accept': 'application/vnd.github.v3+json'}
r = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
print(f"状态码：{r.status_code}")

# 将API响应赋给一个变量
response_dict = r.json()

# 处理结果
print(response_dict.keys())

报错信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 777, in urlopen
    self._prepare_proxy(conn)
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 1046, in _prepare_proxy
    conn.connect()
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 619, in connect
    self.sock = sock = self._connect_tls_proxy(self.host, sock)
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 692, in _connect_tls_proxy
    tls_in_tls=False,
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 793, in _ssl_wrap_socket_and_match_hostname
    tls_in_tls=tls_in_tls,
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 471, in ssl_wrap_socket
    ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(sock, context, tls_in_tls, server_hostname)
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 515, in _ssl_wrap_socket_impl
    return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "D:\Program\Python\Python37\lib\ssl.py", line 423, in wrap_socket
    session=session
  File "D:\Program\Python\Python37\lib\ssl.py", line 870, in _create
    self.do_handshake()
  File "D:\Program\Python\Python37\lib\ssl.py", line 1139, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
OSError: [Errno 0] Error

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

urllib3.exceptions.ProxyError: ('Unable to connect to proxy', OSError(0, 'Error'))

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 497, in send
    chunked=chunked,
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 846, in urlopen
    method, url, error=new_e, _pool=self, _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py", line 515, in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, reason) from reason  # type: ignore[arg-type]
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.github.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /search/repositories?q=language:python&sort=stars (Caused by ProxyError('Unable to connect to proxy', OSError(0, 'Error')))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\python_repos.py", line 6, in <module>
    r = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 73, in get
    return request("get", url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 59, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 589, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 703, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "D:\Code\pyCharm\chapter_17\venv\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 513, in send
    raise ProxyError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ProxyError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.github.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /search/repositories?q=language:python&sort=stars (Caused by ProxyError('Unable to connect to proxy', OSError(0, 'Error')))

解决办法：

修改代码，配置代理服务器（具体IP和端口，根据自身情况自行修改）。运行代码时需打开代理。

import requests

# 执行API调用并存储响应
url = 'https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=language:python&sort=stars'
headers = {'Accept': 'application/vnd.github.v3+json'}
# 配置代理服务器（注意：具体IP和端口，根据自身情况自行修改）
proxies = {
    'http': 'http://127.0.0.1:7890',
    'https': 'http://127.0.0.1:7890',
}
r = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies)
print(f"状态码：{r.status_code}")

# 将API响应赋给一个变量
response_dict = r.json()

# 处理结果
print(response_dict.keys())