Binary Tree Traversal 二叉树的前中后序遍历

[抄题]:二叉树前序遍历

[思维问题]:

不会递归。三要素:下定义、拆分问题(eg root-root.left)、终止条件

[一句话思路]:

节点非空时往左移,否则新取一个点 再往右移。

[输入量]:空: 正常情况:特大:特小:程序里处理到的特殊情况:异常情况(不合法不合理的输入):

[画图]:

[一刷]:

不要提起加入root节点。

[二刷]:

[三刷]:

[四刷]:

[五刷]:

[总结]:

[复杂度]:Time complexity: O(n) Space complexity: O(n) (lgn for B-BST)

[英文数据结构,为什么不用别的数据结构]:

[其他解法]:

[Follow Up]:

[LC给出的题目变变变]:

/**
 * Definition of TreeNode:
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     public int val;
 *     public TreeNode left, right;
 *     public TreeNode(int val) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = this.right = null;
 *     }
 * }
 */


public class Solution {
    /*
     * @param root: A Tree
     * @return: Preorder in ArrayList which contains node values.
     */
    public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<TreeNode>();
        TreeNode p = root;
        
        if (root == null) {
            return result;
        }
        
        while (!stack.isEmpty() || p != null) {
            if (p != null) {
                stack.push(p);
                result.add(p.val);
                p = p.left;
            }
            else {
                p = stack.pop();
                p = p.right;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}
View Code

 

 

[抄题]:二叉树中序遍历

[思维问题]:

不会递归。三要素:下定义、拆分问题(eg root-root.left)、终止条件

[一句话思路]:

左边走完了再放数

[输入量]:空: 正常情况:特大:特小:程序里处理到的特殊情况:异常情况(不合法不合理的输入):

[画图]:

 

[一刷]:

[二刷]:

[三刷]:

[四刷]:

[五刷]:

[总结]:

[复杂度]:Time complexity: O(n) Space complexity: O(n)

[英文数据结构,为什么不用别的数据结构]:

stack先进先出

[其他解法]:

遍历法:先写主函数,再写遍历函数

分治法:分开的时候要调用函数:left = 函数(root.left)

[Follow Up]:

[LC给出的题目变变变]:

/**
 * Definition of TreeNode:
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     public int val;
 *     public TreeNode left, right;
 *     public TreeNode(int val) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = this.right = null;
 *     }
 * }
 */


public class Solution {
    /*
     * @param root: A Tree
     * @return: Preorder in ArrayList which contains node values.
     */
    public List<Integer> inorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<TreeNode>();
        TreeNode p = root;
        
        if (root == null) {
            return result;
        }
        
        while (!stack.isEmpty() || p != null) {
            if (p != null) {
                stack.push(p);
                p = p.left;
            }
            else {
                p = stack.pop();
                result.add(p.val);
                p = p.right;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}
View Code

 

[抄题]:二叉树后序遍历

[思维问题]:

不会递归。三要素:下定义、拆分问题(eg root-root.left)、终止条件

[一句话思路]:

前序遍历全都反过来:节点添加顺序、提前添加

result.addFirst 

[输入量]:空: 正常情况:特大:特小:程序里处理到的特殊情况:异常情况(不合法不合理的输入):

[画图]:

[一刷]:

[二刷]:

[三刷]:

[四刷]:

[五刷]:

[总结]:

[复杂度]:Time complexity: O() Space complexity: O()

[英文数据结构,为什么不用别的数据结构]:

[其他解法]:

[Follow Up]:

[LC给出的题目变变变]:

public List<Integer> postorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
    LinkedList<Integer> result = new LinkedList<>();
    Deque<TreeNode> stack = new ArrayDeque<>();
    TreeNode p = root;
    while(!stack.isEmpty() || p != null) {
        if(p != null) {
            stack.push(p);
            result.addFirst(p.val);  // Reverse the process of preorder
            p = p.right;             // Reverse the process of preorder
        } else {
            TreeNode node = stack.pop();
            p = node.left;           // Reverse the process of preorder
        }
    }
    return result;
}
View Code

 

posted @ 2018-01-27 20:31  苗妙苗  阅读(221)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报