python 环境相关

pip修改

1. 创建

pip freeze > requirements.txt

2. 使用

pip install -r requirements.txt

3. 指定下载源

pip install redis  -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

4. 提高下载速度

vim ~/.pip/pip.conf

• 豆瓣的

[global]
index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple
trusted-host = pypi.douban.com

• 阿里云

[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com

pyenv 安装

1. 安装

Centos 7 的， 其他平台请参考网址

sudo yum install zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel readline-devel sqlite sqlite-devel \
openssl-devel xz xz-devel libffi-devel findutils git gcc

1.1 自动安装

curl -L https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/raw/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash

1.2 文件信息

#!/usr/bin/env bash

set -e
[ -n "$PYENV_DEBUG" ] && set -x

if [ -z "$PYENV_ROOT" ]; then
  PYENV_ROOT="${HOME}/.pyenv"
fi

colorize() {
  if [ -t 1 ]; then printf "\e[%sm%s\e[m" "$1" "$2"
  else echo -n "$2"
  fi
}

# Checks for `.pyenv` file, and suggests to remove it for installing
if [ -d "${PYENV_ROOT}" ]; then
  { echo
    colorize 1 "WARNING"
    echo ": Can not proceed with installation. Kindly remove the '${PYENV_ROOT}' directory first."
    echo
  } >&2
    exit 1
fi

shell="$1"
if [ -z "$shell" ]; then
  shell="$(ps c -p "$PPID" -o 'ucomm=' 2>/dev/null || true)"
  shell="${shell##-}"
  shell="${shell%% *}"
  shell="$(basename "${shell:-$SHELL}")"
fi

failed_checkout() {
  echo "Failed to git clone $1"
  exit -1
}

checkout() {
  [ -d "$2" ] || git clone --depth 1 "$1" "$2" || failed_checkout "$1"
}

if ! command -v git 1>/dev/null 2>&1; then
  echo "pyenv: Git is not installed, can't continue." >&2
  exit 1
fi

if [ -n "${USE_GIT_URI}" ]; then
  GITHUB="git://github.com"
else
  GITHUB="https://github.com"
fi

checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv.git"            "${PYENV_ROOT}"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-doctor.git"     "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-doctor"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-installer.git"  "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-installer"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-update.git"     "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-update"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-virtualenv.git" "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-which-ext.git"  "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-which-ext"

if ! command -v pyenv 1>/dev/null; then
  { echo
    colorize 1 "WARNING"
    echo ": seems you still have not added 'pyenv' to the load path."
    echo
  } >&2

  case "$shell" in
  bash )
    profile="~/.bashrc"
    ;;
  zsh )
    profile="~/.zshrc"
    ;;
  ksh )
    profile="~/.profile"
    ;;
  fish )
    profile="~/.config/fish/config.fish"
    ;;
  * )
    profile="your profile"
    ;;
  esac

  { echo "# Load pyenv automatically by adding"
    echo "# the following to ${profile}:"
    echo
    case "$shell" in
    fish )
      echo "set -x PATH \"${PYENV_ROOT}/bin\" \$PATH"
      echo 'status --is-interactive; and . (pyenv init -|psub)'
      echo 'status --is-interactive; and . (pyenv virtualenv-init -|psub)'
      ;;
    * )
      echo "export PATH=\"${PYENV_ROOT}/bin:\$PATH\""
      echo "eval \"\$(pyenv init -)\""
      echo "eval \"\$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)\""
      ;;
    esac
  } >&2
fi

2. 添加到 ~/.bashrc

echo 'export PATH=~/.pyenv/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export PYENV_ROOT=~/.pyenv' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'eval "$(pyenv init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc

3. 一些常用命令

# 列出可以下载的python版本
pyenv install -l

# 下载 指定的python 版本
pyenv install 3.6.8

# 刷新本地环境
pyenv rehash 

# 卸载指定版本的python
pyenv uninstall 3.6.8

# 指定shell使用的python版本
pyenv shell 3.6.8

# 创建虚拟环境
pyenv virtualenv 版本号 虚拟环境名称 

# 删除虚拟环境
pyenv uninstall 虚拟环境名称

# 列出创建的虚拟环境
pyenv virtualenvs

# 激活虚拟环境
pyenv activate 虚拟环境名称

# 退出当前的虚拟环境
pynev deactivate

4. 提高下载速度

# 去官方下载python版本
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/Python-3.6.8.tar.xz
# 将其安装在pyenv下的cache目录下面 （不存在就创建）
pyenv install 3.6.8 

jupyter

1. 安装

python -m pip install jupyter

2. 配置

2.1 生成配置文件

jupyter notebook --generate-config

2.2 生成登录密码

python3 -c 'from notebook.auth import passwd; print(passwd("usepassword"));'

2.3 修改配置文件

vim ~/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py

2.4 配置文件的内容

# 设定ip访问，允许任意ip访问
c.NotebookApp.ip = '0.0.0.0'

# 不打开浏览器
c.NotebookApp.open_browser = False

# 用于访问的端口，设定一个不用的端口即可，这里设置为7000
c.NotebookApp.port = 7000

# 设置登录密码， 将刚刚复制的内容替换此处的xxx
c.NotebookApp.password = u'xxx'

# 设置jupyter的工作路径
c.NotebookApp.notebook_dir = '~/workspace/jupyter'

# 添加这个的话 直接使用token也可以直接连接 (使用pycharm可以添加上)
c.NotebookApp.token ='123456'

3. 如果出现某个文件没有权限的

export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR="~/workspace/jupyter/data"

4. 启动

 jupyter notebook