Spring之junit测试集成

简介

Spring提供spring-test-5.2.1.RELEASE.jar 可以整合junit。
优势：可以简化测试代码（不需要手动创建上下文，即手动创建spring容器）

使用spring和junit集成的步骤

1.导入jar包

2.创建包com.igeek.test,创建类SpringTest

通过@RunWith注解，使用junit整合spring
通过@ContextConfiguration注解，指定spring容器的位置

3.通过@Autowired注解，注入需要测试的对象
在这里注意两点：

将测试对象注入到测试用例中

测试用例不需要配置<context:component-scan base-package="com.igeek"/></context:component-scan>，因为使用测试类运行的时候，会自动启动注解的支持(仅对该测试类启用)

举例说明一下

1.第一种：在applicationContext.xml中不开启注解扫描

配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">     

    <bean id="userService" class="com.igeek.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>

service层:

public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {

    @Override    
    public void save() { 
        System.out.println("save...");   
    }
}

测试类:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class Test01 { 
    @Autowired   
    private IUserService userService;
    
    @Test    
    public void test01(){ 
        userService.save();   
    }
}

2.第二种：在applicationContext.xml中开启注解扫描

配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">  

<!--开启注解扫描-->    
<context:component-scan base-package="com.igeek"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

service层:

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {

    @Override    
    public void save() { 
        System.out.println("save...");   
    }
}

测试类:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class Test01 { 
    @Autowired   
    private IUserService userService;
    
    @Test    
    public void test01(){ 
        userService.save();   
    }
}