python记录

def h():
    maficians=['alice','david','luxi']
    print(type(maficians))
    print(len(maficians))
    num=0
    for mafician in maficians:
        print(f'the {num} mafician ={mafician}')
        num=num+1
def hh():
    #for val in range(-2,5,2):#最后一位是递增的数，range是整数不识别浮点数
      #  print('val='+str(val))
    retval=range(8)
    print(type(retval))
    retlist=list(retval)
    print(type(retlist))
    print(retlist)
    print(f'max value={max(retlist)} min value={min(retlist)} sum={sum(retlist)}')

def hhh():
    #切片
    players=['charles','martina','michael','florence','eli']
    '''print(players)
    print(players[0:3])
    print(players[1:3])
    print(players[-1:])#负数代表着倒着取
    print(players[len(players)-1])'''
    #for player in players:
     #   print(f'{player}',end=' ')
      #  print('')
    my_foods = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake']
    friend_foods=my_foods[:]#复制列表
    print(f'my_foods={my_foods}')
    print(f'friend foods={friend_foods}')
    my_foods.append('ice cream')
    print('append finished...')
    print(f'my_foods={my_foods}')
    print(f'friend foods={friend_foods}')
#元组
def learn_set():
    '''dimesions=(20,100)
    print(dimesions[0],end=',')
    print(dimesions[1])
    print(str(dimesions[0])+','+str(dimesions[1]))
    print('{},{}'.format(dimesions[0],dimesions[1]))
    print(f'{dimesions[0]},{dimesions[1]}')
    #dimesions[0]=300
    print(dimesions)'''

    dimesions={300,100}
    print(dimesions)
    for dimesion in dimesions:
        print(dimesion)

def simple_if():
    cars=['audi','bmw','subaru','toyota']

    for car in cars:
        #if语句进行比较时，区分大小写,可用lower（）和upper（）转换
        if car.lower()=='bmw':
        #if car.lower() !='bmw':
            print(car.upper())#全部大写
        else:
            print(car.title())#首字母大写
    #字符的比较
    car='Audi'
    print(car.lower()=='audi')
    #数值的比较
    age=18
    print(f'{age}==18={age==18}')
    print(f'{age}<17={age<17}')
    print(f'{age}>21={age >21}')
    print(f'{age}>=18={age >=18}')
    #检查多个条件
    age1=20
    age2=30
    print(f'{age1}<18 and {age2}>29={age1<18 and age2 >29}')#and比较，一个错都错，显示False
    print(f'{age1}<18 or {age2}>29={age1 < 18 or age2 > 29}')#or比较，全错才错,显示True

    print(f'cars={cars}')
    if 'audi' in cars:#audi，需区分大小写
        print('True')
    else:
        print('False')
    chval='audi'
    if chval not in cars:
        print(f'{chval}is not in {cars}')
    else:
        print(f'{chval} is in {cars}')
def fun_if():
    age=18
    #if-elif-else结构
    if age>=18:
        print('You are old enough to votel!')
    else:
        print('Sorry,you are too young to votel!')
    #多种条件判断之间用elif
    if age<4:
        print('You are {}.Your admission cost is $0.'.format(age))
    elif age < 18:#也可以写成 age>=4 and age<18
        print('You are {}.Your admission cost is $25.'.format(age))
    else:
        print('You are {}.Your admission cost is $40.'.format(age))
    #测试多个条件
    requested_toppings=['mushrooms','extra cheese']
    yuanliao='mushrooms'
    if yuanliao in requested_toppings:
        print('adding {}'.format(yuanliao) )
    yuanliao='extra cheese'
    if yuanliao in requested_toppings:
        print('adding {}'.format(yuanliao) )
def if_list():
    requested_toppings = ['mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese']
    for requested_topping in requested_toppings:
        if requested_topping=='green peppers':
            print('Sorry,we are out of green peppers')
        else:
            print(f'Adding {requested_topping}')
    print('finished making your pizza!')
    #确定列表不是空的
    requested_toppings=[]
    if requested_toppings:
        for requested_topping in requested_toppings:
            print(f'Adding {requested_topping}.')
        print('\nFinished making your pizza!')
    else:#列表为空则输出下列语句
            print('Are you sure you want a plain pizza?')
#字典
def learn_dic():
    alien_0={'color':'green','points':5}
    print(type(alien_0))
    print(alien_0['color'])
    print(alien_0['points'])
    print(len(alien_0))#元素个数
    #添加键值对
    alien_0={}#初始化字典
    alien_0['xposition']=100
    alien_0['yposition']=200
    print(f'Add finished dict={alien_0}')
    #修改字典中的值
    alien_0['yposition']=300
    print(f'Add finished dict={alien_0}')
    #删除键值对
    del alien_0['yposition']
    print(f'Add finished dict={alien_0}')
    #由类似对象组成的字典
    favorite_languages={'zhangsan':'C++',
                        'xiaoming':'Java',
                        'lisi':'Python'}
    print(f'lisi favorite language is {favorite_languages["lisi"]}')
    #使用get()来访问值
    name='zhangsan1'
    fav_language=favorite_languages.get(name,'no '+name)
    print(fav_language)

 

def travel_dict():
    user_0={'username':'efermi','first':'enrico','last':'fermi'}
    print(user_0)
    #访问键值，key,value可取其它名
    for key,value in user_0.items():
        print(f"\nkey:{key}")
        print(f'value:{value}')
    #访问键
    for key in user_0.keys():
        print(f"\nkey:{key}")
    #访问值
    for value in user_0.values():
        print(f'value:{value}')
    for val in sorted(user_0.values(),reverse=True):
        print(f'val={val}')
    favorite_languages={'zhangsan':'C','xiaoming':'java','lisi':'python'}
    for val in set(favorite_languages.values()):
        print(f'we most love language={val}')
#嵌套
def qiantao():
    alien_0={'color':'green','point':5}
    alien_1 = {'color': 'yellow','point': 10}
    alien_2 = {'color': 'red','point': 15}
    aliens = [alien_0, alien_1, alien_2]
    for alien in aliens:
        print(alien)

    create_aliens = []
    for alien_number in range(30):
        new_alien = {'color': 'green', 'points': 5, 'speed': 'slow'}
        create_aliens.append(new_alien)
    for alien in create_aliens:
        print(alien)
    print("...")

    pizza = {'crust': 'thick', 'toppings': ['mushrooms', 'extra cheese']}
    for k, v in pizza.items():
        print(f'{k}={v}')
    favorite_language = {
        'jen': 'python',
        'sarah': 'c',
        'edward': 'ruby',
        'phil': 'python',
    }
    for k, v in favorite_language.items():
        if len(v) == 1:
            print(f'{k} mostly like :{v[0]}')
        else:
            print(f'{k} like languages are :', end=' ')
            for language in v:
                print(f'{language}', end=" ")
            print('')
    users = {
        'aeinstein': {
            'first': 'albert',
            'last': 'einstein',
            'location': 'princeton'
        },
        'mcurie': {
            'first': 'marie',
            'last': 'curie',
            'location': 'paris'
        },
    }
    print(users)
    for username, user_info in users.items():
        print(f'Username:{username}')
        full_name = f"{user_info['first']}{user_info['last']}"
        location = user_info['location']
        print()

 

def learn_input():
    '''
    tishi='Tell me something,and I will repeat it back to you\n'
    message=input(tishi)
    print(f'you input is:{message}')
    '''
    '''
    tishi1='Please input your name:\n'
    name=input(tishi1)

　　 names=name.split(' ')
　　 print(name)

    print(f'the type of name={type(name)}') 

    print(f'your first name={name[0]},last name={name[1]}') 
    print(f'Welcome:{name}') ''' 
    tishi2='How old are you:\n' age=input(tishi2) 

    if age<18: 
　　 print(f'your age is {age} you are too young') 
    else: print(f'your age is {age} you are an adult')