实验作业5

1.

task1_1

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[], int n);
 5 void output(int x[], int n);
 6 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax);
 7 
 8 int main() {
 9     int a[N];
10     int min, max;
11 
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a, N);
14 
15     printf("数据是: \n");
16     output(a, N);
17 
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     find_min_max(a, N, &min, &max);
20 
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("min = %d, max = %d\n", min, max);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[], int n) {
28     int i;
29 
30     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
31         scanf("%d", &x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[], int n) {
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38         printf("%d ", x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax) {
43     int i;
44     
45     *pmin = *pmax = x[0];
46 
47     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
48         if(x[i] < *pmin)
49             *pmin = x[i];
50         else if(x[i] > *pmax)
51             *pmax = x[i];
52 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209125721

 

(1)函数find_min_max的作用是通过指针将最小值和最大值分别赋给min和max

(2)pmin和pmax分别指向min和max的地址

task1_2

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[], int n);
 5 void output(int x[], int n);
 6 int *find_max(int x[], int n);
 7 
 8 int main() {
 9     int a[N];
10     int *pmax;
11 
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a, N);
14 
15     printf("数据是: \n");
16     output(a, N);
17 
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     pmax = find_max(a, N);
20 
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("max = %d\n", *pmax);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[], int n) {
28     int i;
29 
30     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
31         scanf("%d", &x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[], int n) {
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38         printf("%d ", x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 int *find_max(int x[], int n) {
43     int max_index = 0;
44     int i;
45 
46     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
47         if(x[i] > x[max_index])
48             max_index = i;
49     
50     return &x[max_index];
51 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209130545

(1)通过指针将最大值传递给主函数中的max

(2)可以

2

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     char s1[N] = "Learning makes me happy";
 7     char s2[N] = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char tmp[N];
 9 
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13 
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17 
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     strcpy(tmp, s1);
20     strcpy(s1, s2);
21     strcpy(s2, tmp);
22 
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26 
27     return 0;
28 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209131121

(1)80,80,23

(2)不能,s1是常量不能赋值

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     char *s1 = "Learning makes me happy";
 7     char *s2 = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char *tmp;
 9 
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13 
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17 
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     tmp = s1;
20     s1 = s2;
21     s2 = tmp;
22 
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26 
27     return 0;
28 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209131741

(1)L的内存地址,s1本身的字节,从s1开始到‘\0’的字符数

(2)可以1是常量,而2是指针变量,可以赋值;交换s1和s2的内存地址,没有

3

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 int main() {
 4     int x[2][4] = {{1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9}};
 5     int i, j;
 6     int *ptr1;     // 指针变量,存放int类型数据的地址
 7     int(*ptr2)[4]; // 指针变量,指向包含4个int元素的一维数组
 8 
 9     printf("输出1: 使用数组名、下标直接访问二维数组元素\n");
10     for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
11         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
12             printf("%d ", x[i][j]);
13         printf("\n");
14     }
15 
16     printf("\n输出2: 使用指针变量ptr1(指向元素)间接访问\n");
17     for (ptr1 = &x[0][0], i = 0; ptr1 < &x[0][0] + 8; ++ptr1, ++i) {
18         printf("%d ", *ptr1);
19 
20         if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
21             printf("\n");
22     }
23                          
24     printf("\n输出3: 使用指针变量ptr2(指向一维数组)间接访问\n");
25     for (ptr2 = x; ptr2 < x + 2; ++ptr2) {
26         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
27             printf("%d ", *(*ptr2 + j));
28         printf("\n");
29     }
30 
31     return 0;
32 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209133600

(1)是指向包含4个int元素的一维数组的指针

(2)包含4个int类型指针的数组

4

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char); // 函数声明
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char text[N] = "Programming is difficult or not, it is a question.";
 8 
 9     printf("原始文本: \n");
10     printf("%s\n", text);
11 
12     replace(text, 'i', '*'); // 函数调用 注意字符形参写法,单引号不能少
13 
14     printf("处理后文本: \n");
15     printf("%s\n", text);
16 
17     return 0;
18 }
19 
20 // 函数定义
21 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char) {
22     int i;
23 
24     while(*str) {
25         if(*str == old_char)
26             *str = new_char;
27         str++;
28     }
29 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209140023

(1)将sstr指向的数组中old_char改为new_char;

(2)可以

5

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 char *str_trunc(char *str, char x);
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char str[N];
 8     char ch;
 9 
10     while(printf("输入字符串: "), gets(str) != NULL) {
11         printf("输入一个字符: ");
12         ch = getchar();
13 
14         printf("截断处理...\n");
15         str_trunc(str, ch);         // 函数调用
16 
17         printf("截断处理后的字符串: %s\n\n", str);
18         getchar();
19     }
20 
21     return 0;
22 }
23 char* str_trunc(char* str, char x)
24 {
25     while (*str) {
26         if (*str == x)
27             *str = '\0';
28         str++;
29     }
30 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209142647

 

清除输入缓冲区中的换行符

6

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 5
 4 
 5 int check_id(char *str); // 函数声明
 6 
 7 int main()
 8 {
 9     char *pid[N] = {"31010120000721656X",
10                     "3301061996X0203301",
11                     "53010220051126571",
12                     "510104199211197977",
13                     "53010220051126133Y"};
14     int i;
15 
16     for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
17         if (check_id(pid[i])) // 函数调用
18             printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
19         else
20             printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);
21 
22     return 0;
23 }
24 
25 // 函数定义
26 // 功能: 检查指针str指向的身份证号码串形式上是否合法
27 // 形式合法,返回1,否则,返回0
28 int check_id(char* str)
29 {
30     if (strlen(str) != 18)
31         return 0;
32     for (int i = 0; i < 17; ++i) 
33     {
34         if (str[i]<'0' || str[i]>'9')
35         {
36             return 0;
37         }
38     }
39     char last = str[17]; 
40     if (last != 'X' && (str[17]<'0' || str[17]>'9'))
41     {
42         return 0;
43     }
44     return 1;
45 }
46     
View Code

Screenshot_20251209144940

7

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <ctype.h> // 用于isalpha、islower、isupper函数
 3 #define N 80
 4 void encoder(char *str, int n); // 函数声明
 5 void decoder(char *str, int n); // 函数声明
 6 
 7 int main() {
 8     char words[N];
 9     int n;
10 
11     printf("输入英文文本: ");
12     // 替换gets(不安全)为fgets,同时处理换行符
13     fgets(words, N, stdin);
14     // 去掉fgets读取的换行符
15     int len = 0;
16     while (words[len] != '\0') len++;
17     if (len > 0 && words[len-1] == '\n') {
18         words[len-1] = '\0';
19     }
20 
21     printf("输入n: ");
22     scanf("%d", &n);
23 
24     printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
25     encoder(words, n);      // 函数调用
26     printf("%s\n", words);
27 
28     printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
29     decoder(words, n); // 函数调用
30     printf("%s\n", words);
31 
32     return 0;
33 }
34 
35 /*函数定义
36 功能:对str指向的字符串进行编码处理
37 编码规则:
38 对于a~z或A~Z之间的字母字符,用其后第n个字符替换; 其它非字母字符,保持不变
39 */
40 void encoder(char *str, int n) {
41     // 处理n大于26的情况,取模简化计算(如n=30 → 30%26=4)
42     n = n % 26;
43     // 若n为负数(防用户输入负n),转为正模
44     if (n < 0) n += 26;
45 
46     // 遍历字符串,直到结束符'\0'
47     while (*str != '\0') {
48         if (islower(*str)) {
49             // 计算后移n位,处理循环(如z+1→a)
50             *str = 'a' + (*str - 'a' + n) % 26;
51         }
52         else if (isupper(*str)) {
53             // 计算后移n位,处理循环(如Z+1→A)
54             *str = 'A' + (*str - 'A' + n) % 26;
55         }
56         str++; // 指针后移,处理下一个字符
57     }
58 }
59 
60 /*函数定义
61 功能:对str指向的字符串进行解码处理
62 解码规则:
63 对于a~z或A~Z之间的字母字符,用其前面第n个字符替换; 其它非字母字符,保持不变
64 */
65 void decoder(char *str, int n) {
66     // 处理n大于26的情况,取模简化计算
67     n = n % 26;
68     if (n < 0) n += 26;
69 
70     // 遍历字符串,直到结束符'\0'
71     while (*str != '\0') {
72         if (islower(*str)) {
73             // 计算前移n位,+26避免负数后取模(如a-1→z)
74             *str = 'a' + (*str - 'a' - n + 26) % 26;
75         }
76         else if (isupper(*str)) {
77             // 计算前移n位,+26避免负数后取模(如A-1→Z)
78             *str = 'A' + (*str - 'A' - n + 26) % 26;
79         }
80         str++; 
81     }
82 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209151844

这题借鉴了一下AI

8

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h> 
 3 
 4 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
 5     int i, j;
 6     char* temp; 
 7     for (i = 1; i < argc - 1; i++) {
 8         for (j = 1; j < argc - i; j++) {
 9             if (strcmp(argv[j], argv[j + 1]) > 0) {
10                 temp = argv[j];
11                 argv[j] = argv[j + 1];
12                 argv[j + 1] = temp;
13             }
14         }
15     }
16     for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
17         printf("hello, %s\n", argv[i]);
18     }
19 
20     return 0;
21 }
View Code

Screenshot_20251209153128

 

posted @ 2025-12-09 19:00  哈气的大猫  阅读(1)  评论(0)    收藏  举报