Nginx 基本介绍及安装---（1）

2.Nginx基本安装

2.这里已Centos7版本为例，采用yum源安装

2.1 第一步

2.2 第二部进入Nginx官网获取yum下载源

2.3 yum install nginx 安装

安装完成后可通过nginx -v检查版本即安装完成

3.基本参数使用

3.1 安装目录

命令 rpm -ql nginx

[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# rpm -ql nginx
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx
/etc/nginx/conf.d
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/modules
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/win-utf
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
/usr/lib64/nginx
/usr/lib64/nginx/modules
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/check-reload
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/upgrade
/usr/sbin/nginx
/usr/sbin/nginx-debug
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.18.0
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.18.0/COPYRIGHT
/usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
/usr/share/nginx
/usr/share/nginx/html
/usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html
/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
/var/cache/nginx
/var/log/nginx

　　需要了解的目录

　nginx日志切割目录

/etc/logrotate.d/nginx

配置文件

/etc/nginx

/etc/nginx/conf.d

/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

守护进程配置

/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service

/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

/etc/sysconfig/nginx

/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug

缓存目录

/var/cache/nginx

Nginx日志目录

/var/log/nginx

3.2 编译参数

　　命令 nginx -V

--with开头的比较复杂此处不作过多讲解

3.3 Nginx基本配置语法

首先查看配置文件cd /etc/nginx/ cat nginx.conf

user nginx;
worker_processes 1;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
worker_connections 1024;
}


http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

单个核最大的进程数一般调节到1万可以满足基本服务要求常用高性能优化可以设置65535 即端口数附件

HTTP 项目服务配置一般是通过导入设置（include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;）

查看/etc/nginx/conf.d/默认配置

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

　　默认的页面我们页可以看下

　　根据locattion 路径/usr/share/nginx/html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

　　关于http请求作简单介绍，因为Nginx就是作为http代理应用