RHEL5.x配置YUM 从centos5源更新rpm包攻略
RHEL5.x配置YUM 从centos5源更新rpm包攻略
2010-12-09 16:16
卸载rhel自带yum
rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
安装Centos yum后请按照以下步骤修改CenOS-Base.repo
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.save
wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/CentOS-Base.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
Step 1：修改/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS- Base.repo为:
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5.5&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons - 163.com
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5.5&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.com
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.com
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - 163.com
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
# CentOS-OSCAR.repo
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[oscar]
name=CentOS-$releasever - OSCAR
baseurl=http://bison.csm.ornl.gov/repos/rhel-5-x86_64
gpgcheck=0
#########
#Centos4
########
[base]
name=CentOS-4 - Base
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/os/i386/
gpgcheck=1
#released updates
[update]
name=CentOS-4 - Updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/updates/i386/
gpgcheck=1
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-4 - Addons
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/addons/i386/
gpgcheck=1
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-4 - Extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/extras/i386/
gpgcheck=1
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-4 - Plus
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/centosplus/i386/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-4 - Contrib
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/contrib/i386/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
#packages in testing
[testing]
name=CentOS-4 - Testing
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/testing/i386/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
Step 2：（跳过）
64位: rpm --import http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
64位: rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.4/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
32位: rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.4/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
附国内开源镜像
http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/centos/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/
Step 3：yum update
yum clean all 清除缓存及旧的包
==================================================
rpm包的更新
检查可更新的rpm包
#yum check-update
更新所有的rpm包
#yum update
更新指定的rpm包,如更新kernel和kernel source
#yum update kernel kernel-source
大规模的版本升级,与yum update不同的是,连旧的淘汰的包也升级
#yum upgrade
rpm包的安装和删除
安装rpm包,如xmms-mp3
#yum install xmms-mp3
删除rpm包,包括与该包有倚赖性的包
#yum remove licq
注:同时会提示删除licq-gnome,licq-qt,licq-text
yum暂存(/var/cache/yum/)的相关参数
清除暂存中rpm包文件
#yum clean packages
清除暂存中rpm头文件
#yum clearn headers
清除暂存中旧的rpm头文件
#yum clean oldheaders
清除暂存中旧的rpm头文件和包文件
#yum clearn 或#yum clearnall
注:相当于yum clean packages + yum clean oldheaders
包列表
列出资源库中所有可以安装或更新的rpm包
#yum list
列出资源库中特定的可以安装或更新以及已经安装的rpm包
#yum list mozilla#yum list mozilla*
注:可以在rpm包名中使用匹配符,如列出所有以mozilla开头的rpm包
列出资源库中所有可以更新的rpm包
#yum list updates
列出已经安装的所有的rpm包
#yum list installed
列出已经安装的但是不包含在资源库中的rpm包
#yum list extras
注:通过其它网站下载安装的rpm包
rpm包信息显示(info参数同list)
列出资源库中所有可以安装或更新的rpm包的信息
#yum info
列出资源库中特定的可以安装或更新以及已经安装的rpm包的信息
#yum info mozilla#yum info mozilla*
注:可以在rpm包名中使用匹配符,如列出所有以mozilla开头的rpm包的信息
列出资源库中所有可以更新的rpm包的信息
#yum info updates
列出已经安装的所有的rpm包的信息
#yum info installed
列出已经安装的但是不包含在资源库中的rpm包的信息
#yum info extras
注:通过其它网站下载安装的rpm包的信息
搜索rpm包
搜索匹配特定字符的rpm包
#yum search mozilla
注:在rpm包名,包描述等中搜索
搜索有包含特定文件名的rpm包
#yum provides realplay
增加资源库
例如:增加rpm.livna.org作为资源库
安装Livna.orgrpms GPG key
#rpm --import http://rpm.livna.org/RPM-LIVNA-GPG-KEY
检查GPG Key
# rpm -qa gpg-pubkey*
显示Key信息
#rpm -qi gpg-pubkey-a109b1ec-3f6e28d5
(注:如果要删除Key,使用#rpm -egpg-pubkey-a109b1ec-3f6e28d5)
yum常用的命令
# yum installxxx 安装xxx软件
# yum infoxxx 查看xxx软件的信息
# yum remove xxx 删除软件包
# yumlist 列出软件包
# yumclean 清除缓冲和旧的包
# yum provides xxx 以xxx为关键词搜索包（提供的信息为关键词）
# yum search xxx 搜索软件包（以名字为关键词）
# yum groupupdate xxx
# yum grouplist xxx
# yum groupremove xxx
这三个都是一组为单位进行升级列表和删除的操作。。比如 "MysqlDatabase"就是一个组会同时操作相关的所有软件包；
# yumupdate 系统升级
# yum list available 列出所有升级源上的包；
# yum list updates 列出所有升级源上的可以更新包；
# yum list installed 列出已经安装的包；
# yun update kernel 升级内核；
yum常用的源
1) 自动选择最快的源
由于yum中有的mirror速度是非常慢的，如果yum选择了这个mirror，这个时候yum就会非常慢，对此，可以下载fastestmirror插件，它会自动选择最快的mirror：
#yum install yum-fastestmirror
配置文件：（一般不用动）/etc/yum/pluginconf.d/fastestmirror.conf
你的yum镜像的速度测试记录文件：/var/cache/yum/timedhosts.txt
2)使用图形界面的yum
如果觉得命令行的yum不方便，那么可以使用图形化的yumex，这个看起来更方便，因为可以自由地选择软件仓库：
#yum install yumex
然后在系统工具中就可以看到yumextender了。实际上系统自带的“添加/删除程序“也可以实现图形化的软件安装，但有些yumex的功能它没有。
*********************************************************************************************************************************************
RHEL5 配置Centos YUM源
RHEL5 配置Centos YUM源
查询
rpm -qa|grep yum
yum-metadata-parser-1.0-8.fc6
yum-updatesd-3.0.1-5.el5
yum-rhn-plugin-0.5.2-3.el5
yum-security-1.0.4-3.el5
卸载
rpm -e yum-3.0.1-5.el5 --nodeps
rpm -e yum-updatesd-3.0.1-5.el5
rpm -e yum-rhn-plugin-0.5.2-3.el5
rpm -e yum-metadata-parser-1.0-8.fc6(后来测试这个不应该卸载)
rpm -e yum-security-1.0.4-3.el5
安装
wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm
wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm
先安装yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm
当你安装yum的时候提示依赖yum-fastestmirror,同时当你安装yum-fastestmirror的时候提示你依赖yum,相互依赖呀.没办法,只能两个一起安装了
rpm -ivh yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
包的下载地址：
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/
修改配置文件
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
cp rhel-debuginfo.repo rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak
先删除rhel-debuginfo.repo文件中所有内容，然后添加以下内容：
[base]
name=CentOS-5 - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&
repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#released updates
[update]
name=CentOS-5 - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-5 - Addons
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-5 - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-5 - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
# vi dag.repo
[dag]
name=Dag RPM Repository for RHEL5
baseurl=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
然后导入key
rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
更新:
yum update
posted on 2012-03-21 14:21 starrynights 阅读(378) 评论(0) 收藏 举报
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