Oracle Linux 7.9 上安装 19C 单实例数据库系列教程（六）：验证与总结

Oracle 19C 单实例安装已经接近完成，在本篇中我们新建监听网络 1521 端口的监听器，在宿主机中配置 tnsnames.ora 并使用 sqlplus 访问数据库实例。如果监听器新建或者访问有问题，先检查 hosts 主机名IP映射和防火墙关闭两项内容。

一、使用 netca 工具创建监听器

1. 选择【Listener configuration】

2. 选择【Add】来新增一个监听器

3. 使用默认监听器名称

4. 使用默认协议

5. 使用默认端口

6. 选择【No】不创建另外一个监听器，完成监听配置。

二、监听器运行状态

[oracle@oradb19c dbhome_1]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 19-MAY-2025 19:21:18

Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oradb19c)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                19-MAY-2025 18:58:57
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 22 min. 20 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oradb19c/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oradb19c.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

三、宿主机连接验证

1. tnsnames.ora 配置

ORADB19C =
 (DESCRIPTION = 
   (ADDRESS_LIST =
     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.122)(PORT = 1521))
   )
 (CONNECT_DATA =
   (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
 )
)

2. 连接验证

PS C:\instantclient_12_2> .\sqlplus.exe sys@oradb19c as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon May 19 19:02:28 2025

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter password:

Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production

SQL> select name from v$database;

NAME
------------------
ORCL

SQL> select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE
-------------------
2025-05-19 19:02:42

SQL> create tablespace ts_app;

Tablespace created.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_n2lwz5kj_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n2lwzyq3_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n2lx0fv1_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts_app_n2rp7zkx_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_n2lx0gxw_.dbf

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_n2lx26b4_.log
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_n2lx27lg_.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_n2lx269k_.log
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_n2lx27ll_.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_n2lx268s_.log
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_n2lx26f8_.log

6 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_n2lx242v_.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_n2lx243r_.ctl

从输出可以看出，宿主机上能够用 sqlplus 连接数据库，登录 sys 用户，数据库安装成功。至此系列教程就结束了，如有错误、不清晰的地方可以留言讨论。希望读者能顺利完成数据库安装，开启 Oracle 学习之旅。