老男孩python全栈就业班第9期第4部分django进阶第65天模板语言之变量相关语法

模板语言之变量相关语法

1.Django 的模板语言

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/templates/builtins/#std:templatetag-for

1.目前为止已经学过的模板语言：

1.{{ name }} --> 变量

2.for 循环

{% for i in book_list %}

{% endfor %}

3.if 判断

{% if 10 > 5 %}

...

{% else %}

...

{% endif %}

4.if ... in 判断

{% if name in name_list %}

...

{% endif %}

2.其他常用的模板语言

1.进入目录 mysiteday62/mysiteday62，修改文件 urls.py，添加 path，新增 t_test 路径

"""mysiteday62 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

    # 出版社相关的对应关系
    path('publisher_list/', views.publisher_list),
    path('add_publisher/', views.add_publisher),
    path('delete_publisher/', views.delete_publisher),
    path('edit_publisher/', views.edit_publisher),

    # 书相关的对应关系
    path('book_list/', views.book_list),
    path('add_book/', views.add_book), # 添加书籍
    path('delete_book/', views.delete_book), # 删除书籍
    path('edit_book/', views.edit_book), # 编辑书籍

    # 作者相关的对应关系
    path('author_list/', views.author_list), # 展示作者
    path('add_author/', views.add_author), # 添加作者
    path('delete_author/', views.delete_author), # 删除作者
    path('edit_author/', views.edit_author), # 编辑作者

    # 测试
    path('test/', views.test),
    path('t_test/', views.template_test)
]

2.进入目录 mysiteday62/mysiteday62，修改文件 views.py，添加方法 t_test 和类 Person

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse, render, redirect
from app01 import models

# Create your views here.

# 展示出版社列表
def publisher_list(request):
    # 去数据库查出所有的出版社，填充到HTML中，给用户返回
    ret = models.Publisher.objects.all().order_by("id")
    return render(request, "publisher_list.html", {"publisher_list":ret})

# 添加新的出版社
def add_publisher(request):
    error_msg = ""
    # 如果是POST请求，我就取到用户的数据
    if request.method == "POST":
        new_name = request.POST.get("publisher_name")
        if new_name:
            # 通过ORM去数据库新建一条记录
            models.Publisher.objects.create(name=new_name)
            # 引导用户访问出版社列表，查看是否添加成功，跳转
            return redirect("/publisher_list/")
        else:
            error_msg = "出版社名字不能为空！"
    # 用户第一次来，我给他返回一个用来填写的 HTML 页面
    return render(request, "add_publisher.html", {{"error":error_msg}})

# 删除出版社
def delete_publisher(request):

    # 删除指定的数据
    # 1.从GET请求的参数里面拿到将要删除的数据的ID值
    del_id = request.GET.get("id", None)
    if del_id:
        # 去数据库删除当前id值的数据
        # 根据id值查找当前数据
        del_obj = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=del_id)
        # 删除
        del_obj.delete()
        # 返回删除后的页面，跳转到出版社的列表页，查看删除是否成功
        return redirect("/publisher_list/")
    else:
        return HttpResponse("要删除的数据不存在！")

# 编辑出版社
def edit_publisher(request):
    error_msg = ""
    # 用户修改完出版社的名字，点击提交按钮，给我发来新的出版社名字
    if request.method == "POST":
        # 取新出版社名字
        edit_id = request.POST.get("id")
        new_name = request.POST.get("publisher_name")
        # 更新出版社
        # 根据id取到编辑的是哪个出版社
        edit_publisher = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=edit_id)
        edit_publisher.name = new_name
        edit_publisher.save()  # 把修改提交到数据库
        # 跳转出版社列表页，查看是否修改成功
        return redirect("/publisher_list/")


    # 从GET请求的URL中取到id参数
    edit_id = request.GET.get("id")
    if edit_id:
        # 获取到当前编辑的出版社对象
        publisher_obj  = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=edit_id)
        return render(request, "edit_publisher.html", {"publisher":publisher_obj})
    else:
        return HttpResponse("编辑的出版社不存在！")

# 展示书的列表
def book_list(request):
    # 去数据库中查询所有的书籍
    all_book = models.Book.objects.all()
    # 在 HTML 页面完成字符串替换（渲染数据）
    return render(request, "book_list.html", {"all_book":all_book})

# 删除书籍
def delete_book(request):
    # 从URL里面获取要删除的书记的ID值
    delete_id = request.GET.get("id")  # 从URL里面取数据
    # 去删除数据库中删除指定ID的数据
    models.Book.objects.get(id=delete_id).delete()
    return redirect("/book_list/")

# 添加书籍
def add_book(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        # {"book_title":"跟金老板学开车", "publisher":7}
        new_title = request.POST.get("book_title")
        new_publisher_id = request.POST.get("publisher")
        # 创建新书对象,自动提交
        models.Book.objects.create(title=new_title, publisher_id=new_publisher_id)
        # 返回书籍列表页
        return redirect("/book_list/")

    # 取到所有的出版社
    ret = models.Publisher.objects.all()
    return render(request, "add_book.html", {"publisher_list":ret})

def edit_book(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        # 从提交的数据里面取，书名和书关联的出版社
        edit_id = request.POST.get("id")
        new_title = request.POST.get("book_title")
        new_publisher_id = request.POST.get("publisher")
        # 更新
        edit_book_obj = models.Book.objects.get(id=edit_id)
        edit_book_obj.title = new_title # 更新书名
        edit_book_obj.publisher_id = new_publisher_id # 更新书籍关联的出版社
        # 将修改提交到数据库
        edit_book_obj.save()
        # 返回数据列表页面，查看是否编辑成功
        return redirect("/book_list/")


    # 返回一个页面，让用户编辑书籍信息
    # 取到编辑书的id值
    edit_id = request.GET.get("id")
    # 根据id去数据库中把具体的书籍对象拿到
    edit_book_obj = models.Book.objects.get(id=edit_id)
    ret = models.Publisher.objects.all()
    return render(request, "edit_book.html", {'publisher_list':ret, 'book_obj':edit_book_obj})

# 作者列表
def author_list(request):
    author_obj = models.Author.objects.get(id=1)
    print(author_obj.book.all())
    print("*"*120)
    # 查询所有的作者
    all_author = models.Author.objects.all()
    return render(request, "author_list.html", {"author_list":all_author})

# 添加作者
def add_author(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        print("in post...")
        new_author_name = request.POST.get("author_name")
        #post提交的数据是多个值的时候一定要用getlist
        books = request.POST.getlist("books")
        new_author_obj = models.Author.objects.create(name=new_author_name)
        new_author_obj.book.set(books)
        return redirect("/author_list/")
        
    ret = models.Book.objects.all()
    return render(request, "add_author.html", {"book_list":ret})

# 删除作者
def delete_author(request):
    # 从URL里面取到要删除的作者id
    delete_id = request.GET.get("id")
    # 根据ID值取到要删除的作者对象，直接删除
    # 1.去作者表把作者删了
    # 2.去作者和书的关联表，把对应的关联记录删除了
    models.Author.objects.get(id=delete_id).delete()
    # 返回作者列表页面
    return redirect("/author_list/")

# 编辑作者
def edit_author(request):
    # 如果编辑完提交数据过来
    if request.method == "POST":
        # 拿到提交过来的编辑后的数据
        new_author_id = request.POST.get("author_id")
        new_author_name = request.POST.get("author_name")
        # 拿到编辑后作者关联的书籍信息
        new_books = request.POST.getlist("books")
        # 根据id找到当前编辑的作者对象
        edit_author_obj = models.Author.objects.get(id=new_author_id)
        # 更新作者名字
        edit_author_obj.name = new_author_name
        # 更新作者关联的书的对应关系
        edit_author_obj.book.set(new_books)
        # 将修改提交到数据库
        edit_author_obj.save()
        # 返回作者列表页，查看是是否编辑成功
        return redirect("/author_list/")

    # 从url里面取到要编辑的作者的id信息
    edit_id = request.GET.get("id")
    # 找到要编辑的作者对象
    edit_author_obj = models.Author.objects.get(id=edit_id)

    # 查询所有的书籍对象
    ret = models.Book.objects.all()
    return render(request, "edit_author.html", {"book_list":ret, "author":edit_author_obj})
    
    pass

def test(request):
    print(request.GET)
    print(request.GET.get("id"))
    return HttpResponse('OK')

# 模板语言测试的类
class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def dream(self):
        return "想要带你去浪漫的西二旗，然后一起去上地做面试题，其实我特别喜欢望京西"

    # Python3 里面用这个
    def __str__(self):
        return "<Person Object: {}>".format(self.name)

    # Python2 里面用这个
    def __unicode__(self):
        return "<Person Object: {}>".format(self.name)

# Django 模板语言测试代码
def template_test(reqeust):
    name = "小黑"
    age = 18
    name_list = ["王筝", "口葛", "星轨", "蒙哥"]
    name_dict = {"first_name":"王振", "last_name":"扣个"}
    p1 = Person("alex", 48)
    p2 = Person("元昊(缘聚)", 29)
    p_list = [p1, p2]
    return render(
        reqeust,
        "t_test.html",
        {
            "name1":name,
            "age1":age,
            "name_list":name_list,
            "name_dict":name_dict,
            "person1":p1,
            "p_list":p_list
        })

3.进入目录 mysiteday62/templates，添加文件 t_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这是模板语言测试页面</h1>
{{ name1 }}  {{ age1 }}  {{ buzhidao }}

<hr>
{{ name_list }}
<ul>
    {% for name in name_list %}
        <li>{{ name }}</li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>

{{ name_list.0 }}

<hr>
{{ name_dict }}
{{ name_dict.first_name }} | {{ name_dict.last_name }}

<hr>

{{ person1 }}
{{ person1.name }} | {{ person1.age }}
{{ person1.dream }}

<hr>

{{ p_list.1.name }}
</body>
</html>

4.测试

posted on 2019-11-29 05:24 herisson_pan 阅读(12) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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