最近在开发一个应用需要实时监控进程的运行情况，用Python开发类似windows特定的应用时，当然首选pywin32, 可是用win32process模块来遍历当前系统所有进程时，可能会因为权限的问题，pywin会抛出异常，感觉开发起来不大顺畅， 但如果采用WMI模块，问题则可以变得轻松许多，两句代码即可搞定。

先看看用win32process如何来遍历：

 1 import os
 2 import win32process, win32security, win32api, win32con
 3 
 4 #获取所有的pid
 5 pidList = win32process.EnumProcesses()
 6 
 7 for pid in pidList:
 8 
 9     try:
10         # system idle process may raise exception
11         # pid 为 0、4等 的进程会抛出异常
12         procHandle = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_VM_OPERATION
13             |win32con.PROCESS_VM_READ
14             |win32con.PROCESS_VM_WRITE
15             |win32con.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, 0, pid)
16 
17         try:
18             # Processes run as system may raise exception
19             # 系统级别的进程会抛出异常，不得不忽略掉
20             modHandles = win32process.EnumProcessModules(procHandle)
21             
22             # Get exe Path
23             procPath = win32process.GetModuleFileNameEx(procHandle, modHandles[0])
24             baseName = os.path.basename(procPath)
25             print procPath
26             
27         except Exception, e1:
28             print str(pid) + ": " + str(e1)
29         finally:
30             win32api.CloseHandle(procHandle)
31             
32     except Exception, e:
33         print str(pid) + ": " + str(e)

做了一长串动作，还不能得到所有的进程运行情况，下面该wmi上场了：

先是简单的import,然后获取wmi的一个实例，接下来就可以遍历了， 如下：

1 import wmi
2 c = wmi.WMI()
3 for process in c.Win32_Process():
4     print str(process)

win32process的详细属情如下(python可以不关心类型):

class Win32_Process : CIM_Process
{
　　  string Caption;
  　　string CommandLine;
  　　string CreationClassName;
  　　datetime CreationDate;
  　　string CSCreationClassName;
  　　string CSName;
  　　string Description;
  　　string ExecutablePath;
  　　uint16 ExecutionState;
  　　string Handle;
  　　uint32 HandleCount;
  　　datetime InstallDate;
  　　uint64 KernelModeTime;
  　　uint32 MaximumWorkingSetSize;
  　　uint32 MinimumWorkingSetSize;
  　　string Name;
  　　string OSCreationClassName;
  　　string OSName;
  　　uint64 OtherOperationCount;
  　　uint64 OtherTransferCount;
  　　uint32 PageFaults;
  　　uint32 PageFileUsage;
  　　uint32 ParentProcessId;
  　　uint32 PeakPageFileUsage;
  　　uint64 PeakVirtualSize;
  　　uint32 PeakWorkingSetSize;
  　　uint32 Priority;
  　　uint64 PrivatePageCount;
  　　uint32 ProcessId;
  　　uint32 QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage;
  　　uint32 QuotaPagedPoolUsage;
  　　uint32 QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage;
  　　uint32 QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage;
  　　uint64 ReadOperationCount;
  　　uint64 ReadTransferCount;
  　　uint32 SessionId;
  　　string Status;
  　　datetime TerminationDate;
  　　uint32 ThreadCount;
  　　uint64 UserModeTime;
  　　uint64 VirtualSize;
  　　string WindowsVersion;
  　　uint64 WorkingSetSize;
  　　uint64 WriteOperationCount;
  　　uint64 WriteTransferCount;

  };

 

当然，你还可以通过指定参数来找到特定的进程：

 

1 >>> import wmi
2 >>> c = wmi.WMI()
3 >>> for process in c.Win32_Process(name="ugraf.exe"):
4 ...  print str(process)
5 ...

 

以上代码会得到如下结果：

 1 instance of Win32_Process
 2 {
 3  Caption = "ugraf.exe";
 4  CommandLine = "\"C:\\UGS\\nx75\\UGII\\ugraf.exe\" ";
 5  CreationClassName = "Win32_Process";
 6  CreationDate = "20120409132415.275816+480";
 7  CSCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";
 8  CSName = "Think-pad-LT";
 9  Description = "ugraf.exe";
10  ExecutablePath = "C:\\UGS\\nx75\\UGII\\ugraf.exe";
11  Handle = "3000";
12  HandleCount = 489;
13  KernelModeTime = "140468750";
14  MaximumWorkingSetSize = 1413120;
15  MinimumWorkingSetSize = 204800;
16  Name = "ugraf.exe";
17  OSCreationClassName = "Win32_OperatingSystem";
18  OSName = "Microsoft Windows XP Professional|C:\\WINDOWS|\\Device\\Harddisk0\\Partition2";
19  OtherOperationCount = "10980";
20  OtherTransferCount = "2345931";
21  PageFaults = 125955;
22  PageFileUsage = 346304512;
23  ParentProcessId = 4280;
24  PeakPageFileUsage = 346570752;
25  PeakVirtualSize = "568078336";
26  PeakWorkingSetSize = 391847936;
27  Priority = 8;
28  PrivatePageCount = "346304512";
29  ProcessId = 3000;
30  QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage = 45816;
31  QuotaPagedPoolUsage = 908324;
32  QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage = 46520;
33  QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage = 930572;
34  ReadOperationCount = "1613";
35  ReadTransferCount = "15446521";
36  SessionId = 0;
37  ThreadCount = 8;
38  UserModeTime = "173281250";
39  VirtualSize = "556150784";
40  WindowsVersion = "5.1.2600";
41  WorkingSetSize = "86568960";
42  WriteOperationCount = "1196";
43  WriteTransferCount = "262987";
44 };

 

顺便提一下安装，pywin32是不带这个模块的，需要另外安装，可以通过后面给出的链接下载，然后运行 python setup.py install安装，我是直接把wmi.py丢到python安装目录下的 lib 文件夹下， 即可通过 import wmi 导入该模块。

WMI还可以实现许多的有关windows的系统信息，以下为wmi的官方链接，如有需要请猛击吧：

http://timgolden.me.uk/python/wmi/index.html