import java.util.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
/**
* This program uses reflection to print all features of a class.
* @version 1.1 2004-02-21
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class ReflectionTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// read class name from command line args or user input
String name;
if (args.length > 0) name = args[0];
else
{
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter class name (e.g. java.util.Date): ");
name = in.next();
}
try
{
// print class name and superclass name (if != Object)
Class cl = Class.forName(name);//由字符串得到Class类的对象
Class supercl = cl.getSuperclass();
//cl.getModifiers()返回一个整形数值,用不同的位开关描述类似public等修饰符的使用情况
//Modifier.toString方法,将返回一个描述位开关的字符串。将整形数值转换为对应的修饰符的字符串
String modifiers = Modifier.toString(cl.getModifiers());
if (modifiers.length() > 0) System.out.print(modifiers + " ");
System.out.print("class " + name);
if (supercl != null && supercl != Object.class) System.out.print(" extends "
+ supercl.getName());
System.out.print("\n{\n");
printConstructors(cl);
System.out.println();
printMethods(cl);
System.out.println();
printFields(cl);
System.out.println("}");
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.exit(0);
}
/**
* Prints all constructors of a class
* @param cl a class
*/
public static void printConstructors(Class cl)
{
//通过Class类的对象,得到一个包含Constructor对象的数组,这个对象数组中,包含了Class所描述
//类的所有构造器的信息
Constructor[] constructors = cl.getDeclaredConstructors();
//提取构造器的信息
for (Constructor c : constructors)
{
String name = c.getName();
System.out.print(" ");
String modifiers = Modifier.toString(c.getModifiers());
if (modifiers.length() > 0) System.out.print(modifiers + " ");
System.out.print(name + "(");
// print parameter types
//返回一个用于描述参数类型的Class对象数组
Class[] paramTypes = c.getParameterTypes();
for (int j = 0; j < paramTypes.length; j++)
{
if (j > 0) System.out.print(", ");
System.out.print(paramTypes[j].getName());
}
System.out.println(");");
}
}
/**
* Prints all methods of a class
* @param cl a class
*/
public static void printMethods(Class cl)
{
//返回包含Method对象的数组,返回这个类或者接口的全部方法,但是不包含由超类继承了的方法
Method[] methods = cl.getDeclaredMethods();
for (Method m : methods)
{
//返回一个用于描述返回类型的的Class对象
Class retType = m.getReturnType();
String name = m.getName();
System.out.print(" ");
// print modifiers, return type and method name
String modifiers = Modifier.toString(m.getModifiers());
if (modifiers.length() > 0) System.out.print(modifiers + " ");
System.out.print(retType.getName() + " " + name + "(");
// print parameter types
//返回一个用于描述参数类型的Class对象数组
Class[] paramTypes = m.getParameterTypes();
for (int j = 0; j < paramTypes.length; j++)
{
if (j > 0) System.out.print(", ");
System.out.print(paramTypes[j].getName());
}
System.out.println(");");
}
}
/**
* Prints all fields of a class
* @param cl a class
*/
public static void printFields(Class cl)
{
//返回一个包含Field对象的数组,这些对象记录了这个类的所有域
Field[] fields = cl.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field f : fields)
{
Class type = f.getType();
String name = f.getName();
System.out.print(" ");
String modifiers = Modifier.toString(f.getModifiers());
if (modifiers.length() > 0) System.out.print(modifiers + " ");
System.out.println(type.getName() + " " + name + ";");
}
}
}