zookeeper安装配置

1、下载安装

1、下载

  1. 下载地址:https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/zookeeper/
  2. 执行命令下载:wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.5.6/apache-zookeeper-3.5.6-bin.tar.gz

2、安装

  1. 解压:tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.5.6-bin.tar.gz
  2. copy到目录:cp -R apache-zookeeper-3.5.6-bin /zjl/program/
  3. 创建软链接:ln -s apache-zookeeper-3.5.6-bin/ /zjl/program/zookeeper

2、单机配置

1、配置

  1. conf目录下提供了配置的样例zoo_sample.cfg,要将zk运行起来,需要将其名称修改为zoo.cfg。
  2. 打开zoo.cfg,可以看到默认的一些配置
  3. tickTime时长单位为毫秒,为zk使用的基本时间度量单位。例如,1 * tickTime是客户端与zk服务端的心跳时间,2 * tickTime是客户端会话的超时时间。
  4. tickTime的默认值为2000毫秒,更低的tickTime值可以更快地发现超时问题,但也会导致更高的网络流量(心跳消息)和更高的CPU使用率(会话的跟踪处理)。
  5. clientPortzk服务进程监听的TCP端口,默认情况下,服务端会监听2181端口。
  6. dataDir无默认配置,必须配置,用于配置存储快照文件的目录。如果没有配置dataLogDir,那么事务日志也会存储在此目录。

2、启动

  1. 命令:./zkServer.sh start  这个命令使得zk服务进程在后台进行。
  2. 命令:./zkServer.sh start-foreground  执行此命令,可以看到大量详细信息的输出,以便允许查看服务器发生了什么。
  3. 使用文本编辑器打开zkServer.cmd或者zkServer.sh文件,可以看到其会调用zkEnv.cmd或者zkEnv.sh脚本。zkEnv脚本的作用是设置zk运行的一些环境变量,例如配置文件的位置和名称等。

3、连接

  1. 如果是连接同一台主机上的zk进程,那么直接运行bin/目录下的zkCli.cmd(Windows环境下)或者zkCli.sh(Linux环境下),即可连接上zk。
  2. 直接执行zkCli.cmd或者zkCli.sh命令默认以主机号 127.0.0.1,端口号 2181 来连接zk,
  3. 如果要连接不同机器上的zk,可以使用 -server 参数,例如:bin/zkCli.sh -server 192.168.0.1:2181


3、集群配置

1、配置

  1. initLimit:ZooKeeper集群模式下包含多个zk进程,其中一个进程为leader,余下的进程为follower。当follower最初与leader建立连接时,它们之间会传输相当多的数据,尤其是follower的数据落后leader很多。initLimit配置follower与leader之间建立连接后进行同步的最长时间。
  2. syncLimit:配置follower和leader之间发送消息,请求和应答的最大时间长度。
  3. tickTime:tickTime则是上述两个超时配置的基本单位,例如对于initLimit,其配置值为5,说明其超时时间为 2000ms * 5 = 10秒。
  4. server.id=host:port1:port2:其中id为一个数字,表示zk进程的id,这个id也是dataDir目录下myid文件的内容。host是该zk进程所在的IP地址,port1表示follower和leader交换消息所使用的端口,port2表示选举leader所使用的端口。
  5. dataDir:其配置的含义跟单机模式下的含义类似,不同的是集群模式下还有一个myid文件。myid文件的内容只有一行,且内容只能为1 - 255之间的数字,这个数字亦即上面介绍server.id中的id,表示zk进程的id。

例子:

tickTime=2000
dataDir=/zjl/program/zookeeper/data
clientPort=2181
initLimit=5
syncLimit=2

server.1=192.168.244.128:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.244.130:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.244.131:2888:3888

注意:在三台机器dataDir目录(/zjl/program/zookeeper/data)下,分别生成一个myid文件,其内容分别为1,2,3。

命令:touch myid

image

2、启动

如单机启动,只是要分别在这三台机器上启动zk进程,这样我们便将zk集群启动了起来。

3、连接

可以使用以下命令来连接一个zk集群:

./zkCli.sh -server 192.168.244.128:2181,192.168.244.130:2181,192.168.244.131:2181

成功连接后,可以看到如下输出:

image

从日志输出可以看到,客户端连接的是192.168.244.128:2181进程(连接上哪台机器的zk进程是随机的),客户端已成功连接上zk集群。

4、zookeeper指令

连接成功后,便可以使用命令与zk服务进行交互。

1、help

help命令会输出zk支持的所有命令。

[zk: 127.0.0.1:2182(CONNECTED) 0] help
ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
    stat path [watch]
    set path data [version]
    ls path [watch]
    delquota [-n|-b] path
    ls2 path [watch]
    setAcl path acl
    setquota -n|-b val path
    history
    redo cmdno
    printwatches on|off
    delete path [version]
    sync path
    listquota path
    rmr path
    get path [watch]
    create [-s] [-e] path data acl
    addauth scheme auth
    quit
    getAcl path
    close
    connect host:port

2、ls

查看命令(niocoder是我测试集群创建的节点,默认只有zookeeper一个节点)

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /
[niocoder, zookeeper]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /zookeeper
[quota]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] ls /zookeeper/quota
[]

3、create

创建一个节点,例如:

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] create /zk mydata
Created /zk

以上命令创建一个/zk节点,且其内容为 “myData”

4、get

显示指定路径下节点的信息,例如,我们检查一下上面的/zk节点最否创建成功

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] get /zk
mydata
cZxid = 0xb59
ctime = Thu Jun 30 11:13:24 CST 2016
mZxid = 0xb59
mtime = Thu Jun 30 11:13:24 CST 2016
pZxid = 0xb59
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 6
numChildren = 0

可以看到/zk节点的内容为”myData”,且输出包含了znode的其他信息。有关各个字段的具体含义,请参见了本博客对znode的介绍。

5、set

设置节点的内容,例如:

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] set /zk "anotherData"
……
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] get /zk
"anotherData"
……

6、delete

删除一个节点,例如:

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] delete /zk
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] get /zk
Node does not exist: /zk

以上就是zk客户端最常用的几个命令,从这几个命令我们也可以看到zk提供的API设计的简单。

7、四字母命令

ZooKeeper提供了多个由4个字母构成的命令,可以使用nc或者telnet来使用这些命令。例如:

telnet 127.0.0.1 2181

成功连接zk后,输入conf
会看到以下输出

clientPort=2181
dataDir=D:\Soft\zookeeper-3.4.6\data\version-2
dataLogDir=D:\Soft\zookeeper-3.4.6\data\version-2
tickTime=2000
maxClientCnxns=60
minSessionTimeout=4000
maxSessionTimeout=40000
serverId=0

或者使用nc来向zk发送4字母命令,例如:

echo conf | nc 192.168.229.161 2181

其他常用的四字母命令如下表格所示:

表格:ZooKeeper提供的四字母命令

image

例如,mntr 命令的输出:

echo mntr | nc 192.168.229.161 2181
zk_version  3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT
zk_avg_latency  0
zk_max_latency  565
zk_min_latency  0
zk_packets_received 95353
zk_packets_sent 95713
zk_num_alive_connections    3
zk_outstanding_requests 0
zk_server_state leader
zk_znode_count  20
zk_watch_count  12
zk_ephemerals_count 9
zk_approximate_data_size    1465
zk_open_file_descriptor_count   37
zk_max_file_descriptor_count    65535
zk_followers    2       - 只有leader进程才有此项输出
zk_synced_followers 2   - 只有leader进程才有此项输出
zk_pending_syncs    0   - 只有leader进程才有此项输出

5、zookeeper指令2

1、普通操作

  1. 启动zk服务:   /zkServer.sh start
  2. [root@localhost bin]# ./zkServer.sh
    ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
    Using config: /usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
    Usage: ./zkServer.sh {start|start-foreground|stop|restart|status|upgrade|print-cmd}
    # 提示要以./zkCli.sh start 启动zk
    ./zkCli.sh start
    
  3. 查看zk的运行状态 :./zkServer.sh status 由于我已经配置了zk的集群,所以此处显示状态为leader
  4. [root@localhost bin]# ./zkServer.sh status
    ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
    Using config: /usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
    Mode: leader
    
  5. 客户端链接zk
  6. [root@localhost bin]# ./zkCli.sh 
    ......
    WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0]
  7. help 查看客户端帮助命令:help
  8. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] help
    ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
        stat path [watch]
        set path data [version]
        ls path [watch]
        delquota [-n|-b] path
        ls2 path [watch]
        setAcl path acl
        setquota -n|-b val path
        history
        redo cmdno
        printwatches on|off
        delete path [version]
        sync path
        listquota path
        rmr path
        get path [watch]
        create [-s] [-e] path data acl
        addauth scheme auth
        quit
        getAcl path
        close
        connect host:port
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1]
  9. ls 查看:ls 查看命令(niocoder是我测试集群创建的节点,默认只有zookeeper一个节点)
  10. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /
    [niocoder, zookeeper]
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /zookeeper
    [quota]
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] ls /zookeeper/quota
    []
    
  11. get 获取节点数据和更新信息:
  12. get内容为空
    cZxid :创建节点的id
    ctime : 节点的创建时间
    mZxid :修改节点的id
    mtime :修改节点的时间
    pZxid :子节点的id
    cversion : 子节点的版本
    dataVersion : 当前节点数据的版本
    aclVersion :权限的版本
    ephemeralOwner :判断是否是临时节点
    dataLength : 数据的长度
    numChildren :子节点的数量

    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] get /zookeeper #下面空行说明节点内容为空
    
    cZxid = 0x0
    ctime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
    mZxid = 0x0
    mtime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
    pZxid = 0x0
    cversion = -1
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 0
    numChildren = 1
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8]
    
  13. 获得节点的更新信息:stat
  14. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] stat /zookeeper
    cZxid = 0x0
    ctime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
    mZxid = 0x0
    mtime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
    pZxid = 0x0
    cversion = -1
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 0
    numChildren = 1
    
  15. ls命令和stat命令的整合:ls2
  16. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] ls2 /zookeeper
    [quota]
    cZxid = 0x0
    ctime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
    mZxid = 0x0
    mtime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
    pZxid = 0x0
    cversion = -1
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 0
    numChildren = 1
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11]
    
  17. create 创建节点:create [-s] [-e] path data acl 可以注意一下各个版本的变化
  18. #创建merryyou节点,节点的内容为merryyou
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] create /merryyou merryyou
    Created /merryyou
    #获得merryyou节点内容
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] get /merryyou
    merryyou
    cZxid = 0x200000004
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x200000004
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000004
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 8
    numChildren = 0
    
  19. create -e 创建临时节点:create -e
  20. #创建临时节点
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create -e  /merryyou/temp merryyou
    Created /merryyou/temp
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] get /merryyou
    merryyou
    cZxid = 0x200000004
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x200000004
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000005
    cversion = 1
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 8
    numChildren = 1
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] get /merryyou/temp
    merryyou
    cZxid = 0x200000005
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:22:24 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x200000005
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:22:24 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000005
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x2000000d4500000
    dataLength = 8
    numChildren = 0
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7]
    #断开重连之后,临时节点自动消失
    WATCHER::
    
    WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
    #因为默认的心跳机制,此时查询临时节点还存在
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /merryyou
    [temp]
    #再次查询,临时节点消失
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /merryyou
    []
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2]
    
  21. 创建顺序节点 自动累加:create -s
  22. # 创建顺序节点,顺序节点会自动累加
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] create -s /merryyou/sec seq
    Created /merryyou/sec0000000001
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] create -s /merryyou/sec seq
    Created /merryyou/sec0000000002
    
  23. 修改节点:set path data [version]
  24. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] get /merryyou
    merryyou
    cZxid = 0x200000004
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x200000004
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000009
    cversion = 4
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 8
    numChildren = 2
    # 修改节点内容为new-merryyou
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] set /merryyou new-merryyou
    cZxid = 0x200000004
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x20000000a
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:29:23 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000009
    cversion = 4
    dataVersion = 1
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 12
    numChildren = 2
    #再次查询,节点内容已经修改
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get /merryyou
    new-merryyou
    cZxid = 0x200000004
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x20000000a
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:29:23 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000009
    cversion = 4
    dataVersion = 1
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 12
    numChildren = 2
    #set 根据版本号更新 dataVersion 乐观锁
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] set /merryyou test-merryyou 1
    cZxid = 0x200000004
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x20000000b
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:31:30 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000009
    cversion = 4
    dataVersion = 2
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 13
    numChildren = 2
    #因为数据的版本号已经修改为2 再次使用版本号1修改节点提交错误
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] set /merryyou test-merryyou 1
    version No is not valid : /merryyou
    
  25. 删除节点:delete path [version]
  26. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] delete /merryyou/sec000000000
    
    sec0000000001   sec0000000002
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] delete /merryyou/sec0000000001
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] ls /merryyou
    [sec0000000002]
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15]
    

2、watcher通知机制

参考https://blog.csdn.net/hohoo1990/article/details/78617336

关于watcher机制大体的理解可以为,当每个节点发生变化,都会触发watcher事件,类似于mysql的触发器。zk中 watcher是一次性的,触发后立即销毁。
- stat path [watch] 设置watch事件
- get path [watch]设置watch事件
- 子节点创建和删除时触发watch事件,子节点修改不会触发该事件
  1. 设置watch事件:stat path [watch]
  2. #添加watch 事件
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] stat /longfei watch
    Node does not exist: /longfei
    #创建longfei节点时触发watcher事件
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 19] create /longfei test
    
    WATCHER::
    
    WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeCreated path:/longfei
    Created /longfei
    
  3. 设置watch事件:get path [watch]
  4. #使用get命令添加watch事件
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 20] get /longfei watch
    test
    cZxid = 0x20000000e
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:43:15 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x20000000e
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:43:15 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x20000000e
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 4
    numChildren = 0
    #修改节点触发watcher事件
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 21] set /longfei new_test
    
    WATCHER::
    
    WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDataChanged path:/longfei
    cZxid = 0x20000000e
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:43:15 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x20000000f
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:45:06 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x20000000e
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 1
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 8
    numChildren = 0
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 22]
    #删除触发watcher事件
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 23] get /longfei watch
    new_test
    cZxid = 0x20000000e
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:43:15 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x20000000f
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:45:06 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x20000000e
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 1
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 8
    numChildren = 0
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 24] delete /longfei
    
    WATCHER::
    
    WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDeleted path:/longfei
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 25]
    

3、ACL权限控制

ZK的节点有5种操作权限:CREATE、READ、WRITE、DELETE、ADMIN 也就是 增、删、改、查、管理权限,这5种权限简写为crwda(即:每个单词的首字符缩写)。
注:这5种权限中,delete是指对子节点的删除权限,其它4种权限指对自身节点的操作权限

身份的认证有4种方式:
- world:默认方式,相当于全世界都能访问
- auth:代表已经认证通过的用户(cli中可以通过addauth digest user:pwd 来添加当前上下文中的授权用户)
- digest:即用户名:密码这种方式认证,这也是业务系统中最常用的
- ip:使用Ip地址认证

使用[scheme:id:permissions]来表示acl权限

  1. 获取某个节点的acl权限信息:getAcl
  2. #获取节点权限信息默认为 world:cdrwa任何人都可以访问
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 34] getAcl /merryyou
    'world,'anyone
    : cdrwa
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 35]
    
  3. 设置权限:setAcl
  4. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 35] create /merryyou/test test
    Created /merryyou/test
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 36] getAcl /merryyou/test
    'world,'anyone
    : cdrwa
    #设置节点权限 crwa 不允许删除
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 37] setAcl /merryyou/test world:anyone:crwa
    cZxid = 0x200000018
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x200000018
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000018
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 4
    numChildren = 0
    #查询刚才设置的acl权限信息 crwa 没有删除权限
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 38] getAcl /merryyou/test
    'world,'anyone
    : crwa
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 39]
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 39] create /merryyou/test/abc abc
    Created /merryyou/test/abc
    #删除子节点的时候提交权限不足
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 40] delete /merryyou/test/abc
    Authentication is not valid : /merryyou/test/abc
    #设置节点的权限信息为rda
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 41] setAcl /merryyou/test world:anyone:rda
    cZxid = 0x200000018
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x200000018
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x20000001a
    cversion = 1
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 2
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 4
    numChildren = 1
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 42] getAcl /merryyou/test
    'world,'anyone
    : dra
    #可以成功删除
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 43] delete /merryyou/test/abc
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 46] ls /merryyou/test
    []
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 47]
    #设置节点信息为a admin
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 47] setAcl /merryyou/test world:anyone:a
    cZxid = 0x200000018
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x200000018
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x20000001d
    cversion = 2
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 3
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 4
    numChildren = 0
    #获取 设置都提示权限不足
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 49] get /merryyou/test
    Authentication is not valid : /merryyou/test
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 50] set /merryyou/test 123
    Authentication is not valid : /merryyou/test
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 51]
    
  5. 密码明文设置:acl Auth
  6. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 53] create /niocoder/merryyou merryyou
    Created /niocoder/merryyou
    #查询默认节点权限信息
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 54] getAcl /niocoder/merryyou
    'world,'anyone
    : cdrwa
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 55]
    #使用auth设置节点权限信息
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] setAcl /niocoder/merryyou auth:test:test:cdrwa
    Acl is not valid : /niocoder/merryyou
    # 注册test:test 账号密码
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] addauth digest test:test
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] setAcl /niocoder/merryyou auth:test:test:cdrwa
    cZxid = 0x200000020
    ctime = Sat Jun 02 16:32:08 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x200000020
    mtime = Sat Jun 02 16:32:08 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x200000020
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 8
    numChildren = 0
    #查询节点权限信息 密码为密文格式
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] getAcl /niocoder/merryyou
    'digest,'test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug=
    : cdrwa
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6]
    
  7. 密码密文设置:acl digest
  8. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] create /names test
    Created /names
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] getAcl /names
    'world,'anyone
    : cdrwa
    #使用digest设置节点的权限信息 密码为test密文
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15] setAcl /names digest:test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug=:cdra
    cZxid = 0x400000006
    ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:01:17 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x400000006
    mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:01:17 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x400000006
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 4
    numChildren = 0
    #查询节点权限信息
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 16] getAcl /names
    'digest,'test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug=
    : cdra
    #获取节点信息提示权限不足
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] get /names
    Authentication is not valid : /names
    # 注册账户
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] addauth digest test:test
    # 可以正常获取
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 17] get /names
    test
    cZxid = 0x400000006
    ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:01:17 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x400000006
    mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:01:17 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x400000006
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 4
    numChildren = 0
    #由于没有设置写权限不能修改节点 w
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] set /names 111
    Authentication is not valid : /names
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 19] delete /names
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 20]
    
  9. 控制客户端:acl ip
  10. [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 22] create /niocoder/ip aa
    Created /niocoder/ip
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 23] get /niocoder/ip
    aa
    cZxid = 0x40000000a
    ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x40000000a
    mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x40000000a
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 0
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 2
    numChildren = 0
    # 添加ip控制的权限信息
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 24] setAcl /niocoder/ip ip:192.168.0.68:cdrwa
    cZxid = 0x40000000a
    ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x40000000a
    mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x40000000a
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 2
    numChildren = 0
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 25] getAcl /niocoder/ip
    'ip,'192.168.0.68
    : cdrwa
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 26]
    
  11. 超级管理员: acl super  使用super权限需要修改zkServer.sh,添加super管理员,重启zkServer.sh
  12. "-Dzookeeper.DigestAuthenticationProvider.superDigest=test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug="
     nohup "$JAVA" "-Dzookeeper.log.dir=${ZOO_LOG_DIR}" "-Dzookeeper.root.logger=${ZOO_LOG4J_PROP}" "-Dzookeeper.DigestAuthenticationprovider.superDigest=test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug=" \
        -cp "$CLASSPATH" $JVMFLAGS $ZOOMAIN "$ZOOCFG" > "$_ZOO_DAEMON_OUT" 2>&1 < /dev/null &
    
    #重启进入zkCli
    #由于之前设置ip权限,所以不允许访问
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /niocoder/ip
    Authentication is not valid : /niocoder/ip
    #登录账号信息,即为管理员账号
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] addauth digest test:test
    #正常访问,节点内容为空
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] ls /niocoder/ip
    []
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] get /niocoder/ip
    aa
    cZxid = 0x40000000a
    ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
    mZxid = 0x40000000a
    mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
    pZxid = 0x40000000a
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 2
    numChildren = 0
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6]
    

4、四字命令Four Letter Words

使用四字命令需要安装nc命令,(yum install nc)

  1. 查看状态信息:stat
  2. [root@localhost bin]# echo stat | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    Zookeeper version: 3.4.11-37e277162d567b55a07d1755f0b31c32e93c01a0, built on 11/01/2017 18:06 GMT
    Clients:
     /192.168.0.68:49346[0](queued=0,recved=1,sent=0)
    
    Latency min/avg/max: 0/0/4
    Received: 62
    Sent: 61
    Connections: 1
    Outstanding: 0
    Zxid: 0x50000000a
    Mode: follower
    Node count: 10
    [root@localhost bin]# 
    
  3. 查看zookeeper是否启动:ruok
  4. [root@localhost bin]# echo ruok | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    imok[root@localhost bin]# 
  5. 列出没有处理的节点,临时节点:dump
  6. imok[root@localhost bin]# echo dump | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    SessionTracker dump:
    org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.LearnerSessionTracker@29805957
    ephemeral nodes dump:
    Sessions with Ephemerals (0):
    [root@localhost bin]# 
    
  7. 查看服务器配置:conf
  8. [root@localhost bin]# echo conf | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    clientPort=2181
    dataDir=/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/data/version-2
    dataLogDir=/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/data/version-2
    tickTime=2000
    maxClientCnxns=60
    minSessionTimeout=4000
    maxSessionTimeout=40000
    serverId=2
    initLimit=10
    syncLimit=5
    electionAlg=3
    electionPort=3888
    quorumPort=2888
    peerType=0
    [root@localhost bin]# 
    
  9. 显示连接到服务端的信息:cons
  10. [root@localhost bin]# echo cons | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
     /192.168.0.68:49354[0](queued=0,recved=1,sent=0)
    
    [root@localhost bin]# 
  11. 显示环境变量信息:envi
  12. [root@localhost bin]# echo envi | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    Environment:
    zookeeper.version=3.4.11-37e277162d567b55a07d1755f0b31c32e93c01a0, built on 11/01/2017 18:06 GMT
    host.name=localhost
    java.version=1.8.0_111
    java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
    java.home=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_111/jre
    java.class.path=/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../build/classes:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/netty-3.10.5.Final.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/audience-annotations-0.5.0.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.11.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../conf:
    java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
    java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
    java.compiler=<NA>
    os.name=Linux
    os.arch=amd64
    os.version=3.10.0-514.10.2.el7.x86_64
    user.name=root
    user.home=/root
    user.dir=/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin
    [root@localhost bin]#
    
  13. 查看zk的健康信息:mntr
  14. [root@localhost bin]# echo mntr | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    zk_version  3.4.11-37e277162d567b55a07d1755f0b31c32e93c01a0, built on 11/01/2017 18:06 GMT
    zk_avg_latency  0
    zk_max_latency  4
    zk_min_latency  0
    zk_packets_received 68
    zk_packets_sent 67
    zk_num_alive_connections    1
    zk_outstanding_requests 0
    zk_server_state follower
    zk_znode_count  10
    zk_watch_count  0
    zk_ephemerals_count 0
    zk_approximate_data_size    124
    zk_open_file_descriptor_count   32
    zk_max_file_descriptor_count    4096
    [root@localhost bin]# 
    
  15. 展示watch的信息:wchs
  16. [root@localhost bin]# echo wchs | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    0 connections watching 0 paths
    Total watches:0
    [root@localhost bin]# 
  17. 显示session的watch信息 path的watch信息:wchc和wchp   (需要在 配置zoo.cfg文件中添加 4lw.commands.whitelist=*
  18. [root@localhost bin]# echo wchc | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    wchc is not executed because it is not in the whitelist.
    [root@localhost bin]# echo wchp | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
    wchp is not executed because it is not in the whitelist.
    


整理自:

https://www.cnblogs.com/jimcsharp/p/8358271.html

https://blog.csdn.net/dandandeshangni/article/details/80558383

posted @ 2020-01-13 10:44  pk.com.cn  阅读(1761)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报