spring boot + mqtt 物联网开发
最近这一年里，在项目实战的时候，遇到了mqtt开发，今天我就大致的来总结下，mqtt在spring boot的使用
1、引用jar
<!-- mqtt --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId> <artifactId>spring-integration-stream</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId> <artifactId>spring-integration-mqtt</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency>
2.项目启动建立链接
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.component.MqttPushClient;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.config.MqttConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MqttApplicationRunner implements ApplicationRunner {
@Autowired
private MqttConfig mqttConfig;
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
log.info("===============>>>Mqtt is run starting:<<==================");
}
MqttPushClient mqttPushClient = new MqttPushClient();
mqttPushClient.connect(mqttConfig);
// 订阅主题
mqttPushClient.subscribe(mqttConfig.getTopic(), mqttConfig.getQos());
}
}
3.相关配置及实现类
①、配置
#spring.mqtt.url=tcp://127.0.0.1
spring.mqtt.url=tcp://127.0.0.1
spring.mqtt.username= nbew
spring.mqtt.password= 123456
spring.mqtt.client-id= 100201101
spring.mqtt.topics= top
spring.mqtt.completion-timeout= 3000
spring.mqtt.timeout= 120
spring.mqtt.keep-alive= 20
spring.mqtt.qos= 1,1
spring:
mqtt:
url: tcp://mqtt.rootcloudapp.com:1883
username: 0ba851e2e83609b9
password: 81757448a4df0d73
client-id: 0ba851e2e83609b9
id: test10000011
topics: v4/p/post/thing/live/json/1.1
completion-timeout: 3000
timeout: 30
keep-alive: 60
qos: 1
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.Data;
//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.mqtt")
@Data
@Component
@Configuration
public class MqttConfig {
/**
* 链接url
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.url}")
private String url;
/**
* 用户名
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.username}")
private String username;
/**
* 密码
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.password}")
private String password;
/**
* 客户端id
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.client-id}")
private String clientId;
/**
* 通讯标识 id
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.id}")
private String id;
/**
* 主题
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.topics}")
private String[] topic;
/**
* 超时时间
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.timeout}")
private int timeout;
/**
* 心跳检测时间
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.keep-alive}")
private int keepAlive;
/**
* 心跳包级别
*/
@Value("${spring.mqtt.qos}")
private int[] qos;
private int completionTimeout;
}
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @Package com.slife.cws.mqtt.component
* @ClassName: Mqttbean
* @Description: 客户端
* @Author youli
* @date 2021年2月16日
* @CopyRight：上海成生科技有限公司
*/
@Component
public class Mqttbean {
@Bean("mqttPushClient")
public MqttPushClient getMqttPushClient() {
MqttPushClient mqttPushClient = new MqttPushClient();
return mqttPushClient;
}
}
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPersistenceException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.config.MqttConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
/**
* @Package com.shhw.mqtt.component
* @ClassName: MqttPushClient
* @Description: MqttClient客户端代码
* @Author youli
* @date 2020年10月16日
* @CopyRight：上海成生科技有限公司
*/
@Slf4j
public class MqttPushClient {
private static MqttClient client;
public static MqttClient getClient() {
return client;
}
public static void setClient(MqttClient client) {
MqttPushClient.client = client;
}
private MqttConnectOptions getOption(String userName, String password, int outTime, int KeepAlive) {
// MQTT连接设置
MqttConnectOptions option = new MqttConnectOptions();
// 设置是否清空session,false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录，true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接
option.setCleanSession(false);
// 设置连接的用户名
option.setUserName(userName);
// 设置连接的密码
option.setPassword(password.toCharArray());
// 设置超时时间 单位为秒
option.setConnectionTimeout(outTime);
// 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔(1.5*keepTime)秒的时间向客户端发送个消息判断客户端是否在线，但这个方法并没有重连的机制
option.setKeepAliveInterval(KeepAlive);
// setWill方法，如果项目中需要知道客户端是否掉线可以调用该方法。设置最终端口的通知消息
// option.setWill(topic, "close".getBytes(), 2, true);
option.setMaxInflight(1000);
log.info("================>>>MQTT连接认证成功<<======================");
return option;
}
/**
* 连接
*/
public void connect(MqttConfig mqttConfig) {
MqttClient client;
try {
String clientId = mqttConfig.getClientId();
clientId += System.currentTimeMillis();
client = new MqttClient(mqttConfig.getUrl(), clientId, new MemoryPersistence());
MqttConnectOptions options = getOption(mqttConfig.getUsername(), mqttConfig.getPassword(),
mqttConfig.getTimeout(), mqttConfig.getKeepAlive());
MqttPushClient.setClient(client);
try {
client.setCallback(new PushCallback<Object>(this, mqttConfig));
if (!client.isConnected()) {
client.connect(options);
log.info("================>>>MQTT连接成功<<======================");
//订阅主题
subscribe(mqttConfig.getTopic(), mqttConfig.getQos());
} else {// 这里的逻辑是如果连接不成功就重新连接
client.disconnect();
client.connect(options);
log.info("===================>>>MQTT断连成功<<<======================");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 断线重连
*
* @throws Exception
*/
public Boolean reConnect() throws Exception {
Boolean isConnected = false;
if (null != client) {
client.connect();
if (client.isConnected()) {
isConnected = true;
}
}
return isConnected;
}
/**
* 发布，默认qos为0，非持久化
*
* @param topic
* @param pushMessage
*/
public void publish(String topic, String pushMessage) {
publish(0, false, topic, pushMessage);
}
/**
* 发布
*
* @param qos
* @param retained
* @param topic
* @param pushMessage
*/
public void publish(int qos, boolean retained, String topic, String pushMessage) {
MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage();
message.setQos(qos);
message.setRetained(retained);
message.setPayload(pushMessage.getBytes());
MqttTopic mTopic = MqttPushClient.getClient().getTopic(topic);
if (null == mTopic) {
log.error("===============>>>MQTT topic 不存在<<=======================");
}
MqttDeliveryToken token;
try {
token = mTopic.publish(message);
token.waitForCompletion();
} catch (MqttPersistenceException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 发布消息的服务质量(推荐为：2-确保消息到达一次。0-至多一次到达；1-至少一次到达，可能重复)， retained
* 默认：false-非持久化（是指一条消息消费完，就会被删除；持久化，消费完，还会保存在服务器中，当新的订阅者出现，继续给新订阅者消费）
*
* @param topic
* @param pushMessage
*/
public void publish(int qos, String topic, String pushMessage) {
publish(qos, false, topic, pushMessage);
}
/**
* 订阅某个主题，qos默认为0
*
* @param topic
*/
public void subscribe(String[] topic) {
subscribe(topic, null);
}
/**
* 订阅某个主题
*
* @param topic
* @param qos
*/
public void subscribe(String[] topic, int[] qos) {
try {
MqttPushClient.getClient().unsubscribe(topic);
MqttPushClient.getClient().subscribe(topic, qos);
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPersistenceException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
/**
* @Package com.shhw.mqtt.component
* @ClassName: MqttSender
* @Description: 主题发布
* @Author youli
* @date 2020年10月16日
* @CopyRight：上海成生科技有限公司
*/
@Component(value = "mqttSender")
@Slf4j
public class MqttSender {
@Async
public void send(String queueName, String msg) {
log.debug("=====================>>>>发送主题:{}, msg:{}", queueName,msg);
publish(2, queueName, msg);
}
/**
* 发布，默认qos为0，非持久化
*
* @param topic
* @param pushMessage
*/
public void publish(String topic, String pushMessage) {
publish(1, false, topic, pushMessage);
}
/**
* 发布
*
* @param qos
* @param retained
* @param topic
* @param pushMessage
*/
public void publish(int qos, boolean retained, String topic, String pushMessage) {
MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage();
message.setQos(qos);
message.setRetained(retained);
message.setPayload(pushMessage.getBytes());
MqttTopic mTopic = MqttPushClient.getClient().getTopic(topic);
if (null == mTopic) {
log.error("===================>>>MQTT topic 不存在<<=================");
}
MqttDeliveryToken token;
try {
token = mTopic.publish(message);
token.waitForCompletion();
} catch (MqttPersistenceException e) {
log.error("============>>>publish fail", e);
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 发布消息的服务质量(推荐为：2-确保消息到达一次。0-至多一次到达；1-至少一次到达，可能重复)， retained
* 默认：false-非持久化（是指一条消息消费完，就会被删除；持久化，消费完，还会保存在服务器中，当新的订阅者出现，继续给新订阅者消费）
*
* @param topic
* @param pushMessage
*/
public void publish(int qos, String topic, String pushMessage) {
publish(qos, false, topic, pushMessage);
}
}
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.config.MqttConfig;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.pojo.MqttResponseBody;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.pojo.MqttResponseHeartbeat;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.service.MqttService;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.service.impl.MqttServiceImpl;
import com.slife.cws.utils.JSONUtils;
import com.slife.cws.utils.SpringUtil;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
/**
* @Package com.shhw.mqtt.component
* @ClassName: PushCallback
* @Description: 进行双向通信的时候，监听订阅的客户端和主题是否处于连接状态
* @Author youli
* @date 2020年10月16日
* @CopyRight：上海成生科技有限公司
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class PushCallback<component> implements MqttCallback {
private MqttPushClient client;
private MqttConfig mqttConfiguration;
@Resource
MqttService mqttService;
public PushCallback(MqttPushClient client, MqttConfig mqttConfiguration) {
this.client = client;
this.mqttConfiguration = mqttConfiguration;
}
@Override
public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
/** 连接丢失后，一般在这里面进行重连 **/
if (client != null) {
while (true) {
try {
log.info("==============》》》[MQTT] 连接丢失，尝试重连...");
MqttPushClient mqttPushClient = new MqttPushClient();
mqttPushClient.connect(mqttConfiguration);
if (MqttPushClient.getClient().isConnected()) {
log.info("=============>>重连成功");
}
break;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("=============>>>[MQTT] 连接断开，重连失败！<<=============");
continue;
}
}
}
log.info(cause.getMessage());
}
@Override
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
// publish后会执行到这里
log.info("pushComplete==============>>>" + token.isComplete());
}
/**
* 监听对应的主题消息
*
* @param topic
* @param message
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
// subscribe后得到的消息会执行到这里面
log.info("============》》接收消息主题 : " + topic);
log.info("============》》接收消息Qos : " + message.getQos());
log.info("============》》接收消息内容原始内容 : " + new String(message.getPayload()));
log.info("============》》接收消息内容GB2312 : " + new String(message.getPayload(), "GB2312"));
log.info("============》》接收消息内容UTF-8 : " + new String(message.getPayload(), "UTF-8"));
try {
if (topic.equals("datapoint")) {
MqttResponseBody mqttResponseBody = JSONUtils.jsonToBean(new String(message.getPayload(), "UTF-8"),
MqttResponseBody.class);
MqttService mqttService = SpringUtil.getBean(MqttServiceImpl.class);
mqttService.messageArrived(mqttResponseBody);
} else if (topic.equals("heartbeat")) {
MqttResponseHeartbeat mqttResponseHeartbeat = JSONUtils
.jsonToBean(new String(message.getPayload(), "UTF-8"), MqttResponseHeartbeat.class);
MqttService mqttService = SpringUtil.getBean(MqttServiceImpl.class);
mqttService.messageHeartbeat(mqttResponseHeartbeat);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.info("============》》接收消息主题异常 : " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.pojo.MqttResponseBody;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.pojo.MqttResponseHeartbeat;
public interface MqttService {
/**
* @Title: sendMessage
* @Description: 发送消息
* @Author youli
* @date 2020年11月9日
* @param gpsMsg
*/
void sendMessage();
/**
* @Title: messageArrived
* @Description: 监听发送消息
* @Author youli
* @date 2021年2月16日
* @param mqttResponseBody
*/
void messageArrived(MqttResponseBody mqttResponseBody);
/**
* @Title: messageHeartbeat
* @Description: 设备心跳监听
* @Author youli
* @date 2021年7月4日
* @param mqttResponseHeartbeat
*/
void messageHeartbeat(MqttResponseHeartbeat mqttResponseHeartbeat);
}
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.component.MqttSender;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.config.MqttConfig;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.pojo.MqttResponseBody;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.pojo.MqttResponseHeartbeat;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.service.MqttService;
import com.slife.cws.utils.JSONUtils;
import com.slife.ews.service.DatumrealtimeService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class MqttServiceImpl implements MqttService {
@Autowired
MqttConfig mqttConfig;
@Autowired
private MqttSender mqttSender;
@Autowired
DataService dataService;
@Override
public void sendMessage() {
String jsonStr = null;
mqttSender.send(mqttConfig.getTopic()[0], jsonStr);
}
@Override
public void messageArrived(MqttResponseBody mqttResponseBody) {
log.info("接口的消息：{}", JSONUtils.beanToJson(mqttResponseBody));
dataService.save(mqttResponseBody);
}
@Override
public void messageHeartbeat(MqttResponseHeartbeat mqttResponseHeartbeat) {
log.info("监听心跳信息：{}", JSONUtils.beanToJson(mqttResponseHeartbeat));
dataService.heartbeat(mqttResponseHeartbeat);
}
}
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.component.MqttPushClient;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.component.MqttSender;
import com.slife.cws.mqtt.config.MqttConfig;
@RestController
public class MessageController {
@Autowired
MqttConfig mqttConfig;
@Autowired
private MqttSender mqttSender;
@Autowired
private MqttPushClient mqttPushClient;
/***
* 发布消息，用于其他客户端消息接收测试
*/
@RequestMapping("/sendMqttMessage")
public String sendMqttMessage(String topic) {
String jsonStr = "{\"truckPic\":\"20201029111.jpg\",\"httpRootPic\":\"url\"}";
mqttSender.send(topic, jsonStr);
return "ok";
}
@RequestMapping("/mqttop")
public String mqttop() {
String TOPIC1 = "test_topic1";
String TOPIC2 = "test_topic2";
String TOPIC3 = "test_topic3";
String TOPIC4 = "test_topic4";
int Qos1 = 1;
int Qos2 = 1;
int Qos3 = 1;
int Qos4 = 1;
String[] topics = { TOPIC1, TOPIC2, TOPIC3, TOPIC4 };
int[] qos = { Qos1, Qos2, Qos3, Qos4 };
mqttPushClient.subscribe(topics, qos);
return "订阅主题";
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(time);
}
}
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