Spring04:依赖注入(DI)

概念

依赖注入(Dependency Injection,DI)。

依赖 : 指Bean对象的创建依赖于容器。

注入 : 指Bean对象所依赖的资源,由容器来设置和装配 。

1、构造器注入

构造器注入可根据参数下标,参数名称,参数类型三种方式。

<bean id="user" class="com.kuang.pojo.Person">
    <constructor-arg name="username" value="tom"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

2、Set 注入

要求被注入的属性,必须有set方法

创建测试类:

Address.java

public class Address {
 
     private String address;
 
     public String getAddress() {
         return address;
     }
 
     public void setAddress(String address) {
         this.address = address;
     }
 }

Student.java

 package com.kuang.pojo;
 
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 public class Student {
 
     private String name;
     private Address address;
     private String[] books;
     private List<String> hobbys;
     private Map<String,String> card;
     private Set<String> games;
     private String wife;
     private Properties info;
 
     public void setName(String name) {
         this.name = name;
    }
 
     public void setAddress(Address address) {
         this.address = address;
    }
 
     public void setBooks(String[] books) {
         this.books = books;
    }
 
     public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
         this.hobbys = hobbys;
    }
 
     public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
         this.card = card;
    }
 
     public void setGames(Set<String> games) {
         this.games = games;
    }
 
     public void setWife(String wife) {
         this.wife = wife;
    }
 
     public void setInfo(Properties info) {
         this.info = info;
    }
 
 }

1、常量注入

 <bean id="student" class="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
    <property name="name" value="小明"/>
</bean>

2、bean注入

 <bean id="addr" class="com.kuang.pojo.Address">
    <property name="address" value="重庆"/>
</bean>

<bean id="student" class="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
    <property name="address" ref="addr"/>
</bean>

3、数组注入

 <bean id="student" class="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
    <property name="name" value="小明"/>
    <property name="address" ref="addr"/>
    <property name="books">
        <array>
            <value>西游记</value>
            <value>红楼梦</value>
            <value>水浒传</value>
        </array>
    </property>
</bean>

4、List注入

 <property name="hobbys">
    <list>
        <value>听歌</value>
        <value>看电影</value>
        <value>爬山</value>
    </list>
</property>

5、Map注入

 <property name="card">
     <map>
         <entry key="中国邮政" value="456456456465456"/>
         <entry key="建设" value="1456682255511"/>
     </map>
 </property>

6、set注入

 <property name="games">
     <set>
         <value>LOL</value>
         <value>BOB</value>
         <value>COC</value>
     </set>
 </property>

7、Null注入

<property name="wife"><null/></property>

8、Properties注入

 <property name="info">
     <props>
         <prop key="学号">20190604</prop>
         <prop key="性别">男</prop>
         <prop key="姓名">小明</prop>
     </props>
 </property>

3、p命名空间和c命名空间注入

注意:命名空间注入需要在头文件中导入约束。

User.java :

public class User {
     private String name;
     private int age;
	 
     public User(String name,int age){
	 this.name = name;
	 this.age = age;
     }
 
     public void setName(String name) {
         this.name = name;
    }
 
     public void setAge(int age) {
         this.age = age;
    }
 }

P命名空间注入

P(属性: properties)命名空间,注入的属性依然需要设置set方法

  <!--需要导入约束: xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" -->
 <bean id="user" class="com.kuang.pojo.User" p:name="狂神" p:age="18"/>

c 命名空间注入

c(构造: Constructor)命名空间

<!--需要导入约束: xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c" -->
<bean id="user" class="com.kuang.pojo.User" c:name="狂神" c:age="18"/>

总结:P命名空间注入其实就是set方法注入;c命名空间注入就是所谓的构造器注入

posted @ 2021-04-29 22:12  yub  阅读(69)  评论(0)    收藏  举报