gdb常用调试命令

• help（h）：查看命令帮助，具体查询可在gdb中输入h + 命令，

• run&start

  • run: 重新开始运行文件；
  • run argv[1] argv[2]:
  • start：单步执行，运行程序，停在第一执行语句；

• list（l）：查看源代码

  • l n：从第n行开始查看代码，一般会展现n行上下文；
  • l 函数名：查看具体函数；

• next（n）&step（s）：单步调试

  • n：单步调试（逐过程，函数直接执行）
  • s：单步调试（逐语句：跳入自定义函数内部执行）

• break（b）：设置断点

  • b num：在第num行设置断点；
  • info(i) b（breakpoints）：查看当前设置的所有断点；
  • enable b (breakpoints)：启用断点；
  • disable b (breakpoints)：禁用断点；
  • delete breakpoints(b) num: 删除第num个断点，简写d；

• backtrace & frame

  • backtrace（bt）：查看函数调用栈帧
    • bt n：显示栈顶的几个层的信息；
    • bt -n：显示栈底的几个层的信息；
  • frame（f）：查看某一层的信息，具体为代码调用处
    • f n：n表示某一个栈帧的编号，默认为当前栈顶的栈信息（即frame 0）；
    • info(i) f：查看当前栈层的信息，大多数为运行时的内存地址；

• disassemble：查看汇编语言

  • disassemble：就可以展现当前函数栈中的汇编语言；
  • b *当前函数栈名+行号：在汇编语言上打断点；再运行disassemble就可以定位到断点处；
  • disassemble /m 函数栈名：展现汇编语言的同时也展现源码；

• print，set&x：

  • print（p）：打印变量值及地址
    • p 变量名；
    • p *array@len：array为数组的首地址，len为数据的长度；
    • p 数组名：可展现详细的数组信息
    • set print pretty on：可以很漂亮的输出接口体
  • set：设置变量的值
    • set args: 设置主程序的参数
    • set var name=value: 设置变量名为name的值为value
  • x address：查看地址address的内存内容；

• finish, continue &quit：

  • finish：结束当前函数，返回到函数的调用点；
  • continue(c): 继续运行，直到有断点处，若没有断点，则一直运行下去；
  • quit(q)：退出gdb

• display，watch：

  • 待定？？？

• info（i）：可以查看很多信息

  • i register

    info address -- Describe where symbol SYM is stored.
    info all-registers -- List of all registers and their contents, for selected stack frame.
    info args -- All argument variables of current stack frame or those matching REGEXPs.
    info auto-load -- Print current status of auto-loaded files.
    info auxv -- Display the inferior's auxiliary vector.
    info bookmarks -- Status of user-settable bookmarks .
    info breakpoints -- Status of specified breakpoints (all user-settable breakpoints if no argument).
    info checkpoints -- IDs of currently known checkpoints.
    info classes -- All Objective-C classes, or those matching REGEXP.
    info common -- Print out the values contained in a Fortran COMMON block.
    info copying -- Conditions for redistributing copies of GDB.
    info dcache -- Print information on the dcache performance.
    info display -- Expressions to display when program stops, with code numbers.
    info exceptions -- List all Ada exception names.
    info extensions -- All filename extensions associated with a source language.
    info files -- Names of targets and files being debugged.
    info float -- Print the status of the floating point unit.
    info frame -- All about the selected stack frame.
    info frame-filter -- List all registered Python frame-filters.
    info functions -- All function names or those matching REGEXPs.
    info guile -- Prefix command for Guile info displays.
    info handle -- What debugger does when program gets various signals.
    info inferiors -- Print a list of inferiors being managed.
    info line -- Core addresses of the code for a source line.
    info locals -- All local variables of current stack frame or those matching REGEXPs.
    info macro -- Show the definition of MACRO, and it's source location.
    info macros -- Show the definitions of all macros at LINESPEC, or the current source location.
    info mem -- Memory region attributes.
    info module -- Print information about modules.
    info modules -- All module names, or those matching REGEXP.
    info os -- Show OS data ARG.
    info pretty-printer -- GDB command to list all registered pretty-printers.
    info probes -- Show available static probes.
    info proc -- Show additional information about a process.
    info program -- Execution status of the program.
    info record -- Info record options.
    info registers -- List of integer registers and their contents, for selected stack frame.
    info scope -- List the variables local to a scope.
    info selectors -- All Objective-C selectors, or those matching REGEXP.
    info set -- Show all GDB settings.
    info sharedlibrary -- Status of loaded shared object libraries.
    info signals -- What debugger does when program gets various signals.
    info skip -- Display the status of skips.
    info source -- Information about the current source file.
    info sources -- All source files in the program or those matching REGEXP.
    info stack -- Backtrace of the stack, or innermost COUNT frames.
    info static-tracepoint-markers -- List target static tracepoints markers.
    info symbol -- Describe what symbol is at location ADDR.
    info target -- Names of targets and files being debugged.
    info tasks -- Provide information about all known Ada tasks.
    info terminal -- Print inferior's saved terminal status.
    info threads -- Display currently known threads.
    info tracepoints -- Status of specified tracepoints (all tracepoints if no argument).
    info tvariables -- Status of trace state variables and their values.
    info type-printers -- GDB command to list all registered type-printers .
    info types -- All type names, or those matching REGEXP.
    info unwinder -- GDB command to list unwinders.
    info variables -- All global and static variable names or those matching REGEXPs.
    info vector -- Print the status of the vector unit.
    info vtbl -- Show the virtual function table for a C++ object.
    info warranty -- Various kinds of warranty you do not have.
    info watchpoints -- Status of specified watchpoints (all watchpoints if no argument).
    info win -- List of all displayed windows.
    info xmethod -- GDB command to list registered xmethod matchers.