Linux下使用cmake的简单示例

一、单文件目录

1. 编辑C程序文件，命名为main.c

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    printf("Hello World.\n");
    return 0;
}

 

2. 编写CMakeLists.txt文件，保存在main.c同路径下

#Minimum required CMake Version
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6.1)

#Project Name
project(hello)

#把当前目录(.)下所有源代码文件和头文件加入变量SRC_LIST
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. SRC_LIST)

#生成应用程序hello(在windows下生成hello.exe)
ADD_EXECUTABLE(hello ${SRC_LIST})

 

3. 运行cmake命令生成MakeFile，再运行make命令生成hello可执行程序（为防止文件混乱，可建立build目录，在此目录下运行cmake命令）

mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test2/build$ cmake ..
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/mgh/桌面/cmake_test/test2/build
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test2/build$ make
Scanning dependencies of target hello
[ 50%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/test1.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable hello
[100%] Built target hello
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test2/build$ ./hello 
Hello World.

 

二、多文件目录

1. 目录结构

mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test$ tree test
test
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── print
│   ├── CMakeLists.txt
│   ├── print.c
│   └── print.h
└── test.c

 

2. 编辑C程序文件

test.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include "print/print.h"

int main(void) {
    print();
    return 0;
}

print.h

#ifndef PRINT_H
#define PRINT_H

extern void print();

#endif

print.c

#include <stdio.h>

extern void print(){
    printf("Hello World.\n");
}

 

3. 编辑CMakeLists.txt文件

这种多目录的情况，需要在每个源文件路径中分别编写CMakeLists.txt文件，对应这个例子，需要在test根目录和print目录下编写CMakeLists.txt文件。

为了方便，我们可以先将print目录里的文件编译成静态库再由main函数调用。

test目录下的CMakeLists.txt文件：

#Minimum required CMake Version
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6.1)

#Project Name
project(hello)

#当前目录下所有源文件保存到SRC_LIST中
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. SRC_LIST)

#添加print子目录
add_subdirectory(print)

#指定生成目标
ADD_EXECUTABLE(hello ${SRC_LIST})

#添加链接库
target_link_libraries(hello printFunc)

print目录下的CMakeLists.txt文件：

#当前目录下所有源文件保存到SRC_LIST中
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. SRC_LIB)

#生成链接库
ADD_LIBRARY(printFunc ${SRC_LIB})

 

4. 编译运行

mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test/build$ cmake ..
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/mgh/桌面/cmake_test/test/build
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test/build$ make
Scanning dependencies of target printFunc
[ 25%] Building C object print/CMakeFiles/printFunc.dir/print.c.o
[ 50%] Linking C static library libprintFunc.a
[ 50%] Built target printFunc
Scanning dependencies of target hello
[ 75%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/test.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable hello
[100%] Built target hello
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test/build$ ./hello
Hello World.