Collins柯林斯词典词频分级词汇5星1

1. a/an

不定冠词，用于表示单个事物或人的名词词组之前。an用于以元音开始的单词之前。
1.DET限定词
（初次提及或非特制 人或物） 一（个）DET sing-n

A waiter entered with a tray. 侍者端着托盘进来了。
Today you’ve got a new teacher taking you. 今天有位新老师来教你们。 take sb. 某学科

（一类人或事物 中 非特指的）任何一（个）DET sing-n

...expensive make-up that we saw being advertised by a beautiful model. 我们所见的由一位漂亮模特代言的昂贵化妆品

（用于 a.+UC N 或 UC N+修饰语（如从句） 之前）一（种）DET n-uncount with supp

There was a terrible sadness in her eyes. 她眼神中流露出深深的悲伤。
Baseball movies have gained an appreciation that far outstrips those dealing with any other sport. 以棒球为主题的电影获得的青睐远远超过了其他体育类电影。 deal with处理；克制（不快情感），冷静面对（感情上困局）；论述，涉及；与...做买卖

（用于 物质名词 前）一（类，种）DET n-mass

Bollinger ‘RD’ is a rare, highly prized wine. 博林格RD香槟是一种名贵的备受推崇的葡萄酒。

物质名词：表示一种（类）物质，具体存在 不可数却有固体形状 无法分为个体的东西（如气体、液体、粉状或细粒装物体、材料、块状物体等）。
不可数，不用a/an，数量用2种方式表示：
a）多寡：
much（多量）plenty of（许多表量足）a great deal of（很多）a lot of=lots of（许多）some（一些）a little（少许表肯定）little（很少表否定）no（没有）etc.
b）单位：依实际使用方式用 容器 重量 成形的形状 计量
a bottle of water，an ounce（auns） of gold，a pound of beef，a loaf of bread
抽象名词：性质、状态、概念、动作等的名称

（用于表示 数量 的 词组 中） 许多/少许/一点 DET in quant

I spend a lot on expensive jewelry and clothing. 我花很多钱购买昂贵的首饰和衣服。
I’ve come looking for a bit of advice. 我特来讨教。

a little +UC N 一点点
a few +C N 一点点
a lot of = lots of 皆可 表很多
few little表几乎没有
much, many表示“很多”. much修饰不可数名词。 many修饰可数名词。

I have a lot of books / time. =I have lots of books / time. 我有很多书/时间。
I have a little water.我有一点水。I have little water.我几乎没有水。
I have a few friends. 我有一些朋友。I have few friends. 我几乎没有朋友。
I have much time. 我有很多时间。I have many books.我有很多书。
a lot后不接N，表很多还可表非常.
a lot =very much表示“非常”，不修饰名词，而是表示程度。
如：My mother has done a lot to family. 
       Thank you a lot. =Thank you very much. Thanks a lot.  非常感谢你。

a little bit和a bit是同义的。
a little bit与a little两个都能做为程度副词词组来用。修饰形容词，副词，动词和比较级结构。这时两者是可以互换的。意思是：“稍微，一点”如：
He is a little bit / a bit / a little taller than me.他比我高一点。
其次是这两个还可以用做为形容词词组，修饰不可数名词，a little bit/ a bit后面要接of，再接名词，而a little是直接修饰名词的。如：
He has a little bit / a bit of money.
He has a little money.

两者的否定结构，区别很大。not a bit = not at all，意为“一点也不，根本不”,而 not a little 意为“非常，不是一点”。

如:
He is not a bit hungry. 他一点都不饿。
= He isn't hungry at all.
He is not a little hungry. 他饿得不是一点点。（他太饿了）

amounts of/an amount of+不可数名词
a great deal of+不可数名词
a large number of+可数名词复数

an amount of +不可数n 谓语动词用单数；
amounts of+ 不可数n 谓语动词用复数
A large amount of damage has(谓语动词单数) beend one by the earth quake． Large amounts of money were(谓语动词复数) spent on the bridge．

只能修饰可数名词的：a large/ great/ good number of,a good/ great many,dozens of,scores of,quite a few 

只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of,a large amount of,quite a little,a large sum of

既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a large quantity of,a good supply of

1.a great/large deal of 后面只能跟抽象名词或物质名词，a large deal也可用作状语。
The race gave every one a large deal of pleasure.这次比赛给了大家许多乐趣。
There was a large deal of excitement just before it began.比赛开始前，人们非常激动。
2.a great/large amount of后面只跟不可数名词。
A large amount of money is spent on tobacco every year.每年在烟草上花去大量的钱。

（一类人或事物 中 典型的）一（个）DET sing-n

Some parents believe a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man. 有些父母认为男孩子必须学会像男子汉一样顶天立地，勇于抗争。

（用于 日子 月份 节日 的名称之前 表特例）一个 DET sing-n

It was a Christmas whe shoppers passed by expensive silks in favor of more practical gifts. 这是一个购物者不理会昂贵的丝绸衣服而热衷于更实用礼物的圣诞节。

个体名词：一类人或事物中的个体，可单个独立存在的人 动植物 团体 的名称。通常可数。

（从事某一职业的）一（位），一（名）DET sing-n

He was now a teacher and a respectable member of the community. 他现在是一位教师，并且是社区内受人尊敬的一员。

（用于不为说话人所知的 首次提到 的人名前）某一（个）DET n-proper

The full address on a stick-on label was that of a Mrs P. R. Slater of Peterborough... 不干胶标签上的完整地址写的是彼得伯勒的一位P. R.斯莱特太太。
A Dr Matthew Owens was reported missing while on an expedition to north-eastern Turkey. 据报道，一位叫马修·欧文斯的博士在前往土耳其东北部考察的途中失踪了。

（用于人名前，表示与该人有相同特性或品质）类似...的一个（或一位）DET n-proper

When I listen to her play I can hear a new Nigel Kennedy. 从她的演奏中我听出了新一代的纳杰尔·肯尼迪。

（用于姓氏前，表示某人属于某姓氏家族）一位姓...的人 DET n-proper

As far as I can recall, Patti was a Smith. 我记得帕蒂是姓史密斯的。

（用于艺术家名字前）一副...的画，一件...的雕塑作品 DET n-proper

Most people have very little difficulty in seeing why a Van Gogh is a work of genius. 多数人不难理解为什么凡·高的作品是天才之作。

（代替数字one使用，尤用于hundred，hour和metre等表示度量的单词前，以及half，quarter和third等分数前 DET sing-n

...more than a thousand acres of land. 1,000多英亩地
... quarter of an hour... 一刻钟
The skirts were shortened an inch or two. 这些裙子改短了一两英寸。

（用于表示比率的短语中）每一 num DET sing-n

Prices start at $13.95 a meter for printed cotton... 印花棉布以每米13.95美元的价格起售。
The helicopter can zip along at about 150 kilometers an hour. 该直升机能以每小时150公里左右的速度疾进。

2. able (abler,ablest) -ably/ibly adv.

1.PHR-MODAL情态动词短语
（因具有品质或技能）能做到...的

The company say they’re able to keep pricing competitive... 该公司说他们能够使定价保持竞争力。
They seemed able to work together very efficiently. 他们看来能很有效率地合作。

（因有足够的自由、权力、时间、财力等而）可以...的，能够...的

You’ll be able to read in peace... 你就能安心地读书了。
Have you been able to have any kind of contact?... 你联系上了吗？
It would be nice to be able to afford to retire earlier. 无后顾之忧而能提早退休当是件幸事。

3.ADJ-GRADED能被表示程度的 副词 或 介词词组 修饰的 形容词
聪明能干的；能力出众的

...one of the brightest and ablest members of the government... 政府里最聪明能干的成员之一
They are bright, intelligent, able and confident. 他们聪明又智慧，能干又自信。

able和capable都用来表示某人能做某事。
able既可表示 因拥有某种知识 或 技能 而能做某事，也可表示 客观可能
He wondered if he would be able to climb over the rail.      他不知道自己能否攀过栏杆。
They were able to use their profits for new investments.      他们得以将利润用于再投资。
如果用过去时，则表示实际做了该事
We were able to reduce costs.      我们做到了降低成本。

capable既可表示具有做某事的 技能 或 知识， 也可表示做某事有较大可能性
The workers are perfectly capable of running the organization themselves.      工人完全能够自己管理这个机构。
She was quite capable of falling asleep.      她很容易睡着。
还可表示具有某种情感 或能够做出某一行为
He’s capable of loyalty.      他能做到忠心耿耿。
Bowman could not believe him capable of murder.      鲍曼无法相信他会杀人。
亦用于指汽车、机器等的性能
The car was capable of 110 miles per hour.      这辆车时速可达110英里。

able或capable形容人时表示 “有能力的” “能力强的”
He’s certainly a capable gardener.      他绝对是一名能干的园丁。

3. about

1.PREP介词
关于；对于；涉及；在...方面 something relates to or concerns

She came in for a coffee, and told me about her friend Shona... 她进来喝了杯咖啡，并向我谈起了她朋友肖纳。
She knew a lot about food... 她对食物很在行。
...advice about exercise and diet... 关于锻炼和饮食的建议

包含；目的是；为了 what it involves or what its aims are

Leadership is about the ability to implement change. 领导才能就是要有实施变革的能力。

对...表示（情绪或心态） after some adjectives to indicate the person or thing that a feeling or state of mind relates to

‘I’m sorry about Patrick,’ she said... “我为帕特里克感到难过，”她说。
I feel so guilty and angry about the whole issue. 我对整件事深感内疚和气愤。

针对（问题） If you do something about a problem, you take action in order to solve it.

He said he’d ask Nina for a divorce, but he never did anything about it. 他说会跟尼娜提出离婚，可是他却从未付诸实际。

（某人或某事物）具有（某种特性） When you say that there is a particular quality about someone or something, you mean that they have this quality.

I think there’s something a little peculiar about the results of your test. 我认为你的化验结果有点不对劲。

6.ADV副词
大约；左右
adv. num

The rate of inflation is running at about 2.7 percent. 通货膨胀率大约为2.7%。

四下；到处 keep moving in different directions
v. adv. or v. prep. n.

Everyone was running about. 大家都在跑来跑去。

也可用于介词
From 1879 to 1888 he wandered about Germany, Switzerland, and Italy...      从1879到1888年，他游历于德国、瑞士和意大利等地。
His hair was drifting about his shoulders like dirty snow.      他的头发像脏兮兮的雪一样披散在肩上。

8.PREP介词
围绕；环绕

She was elegantly dressed with a double strand of pearls about her neck. 她着装典雅，搭配着一条双层珍珠项链。

9.ADJ形容词
在手头的；现成的；能得到的
v-link ADJ

There’s lots of money about these days for schemes like this. 近来这类计划资金充足。

即将（做...）的；快要（发生...）的
be about to do sth.

没有明确方向的移动：around,round和about
某物就在手头能够获得：可用around和about作副词
There is a lot of talent around at the moment.      目前有大量现成人才。

现在开始采用柯林斯顺序，新牛津英汉双解大词典释义

4. accept accepter n.

v.
1.接受；收受
 1.1赞许；承认
+obj. 及物or no obj.不及物

He accepted.

2.相信；认为正确
  2.1担当；承认
  2.2容忍
+obj.
+clause从句
as adj. accepted

He wasn’t handsome in the accepted sense. 他不是那种寻常意义上的英俊。

5. accord

v.
1.给予；授予（某人权力、地位等）
+obj.
2.（概念、事实）与...相符合（或一致）
no obj. accord with
n.
1.正式协议；条约
  1.1一致；和谐 mass n.
  The government and the rebels are in accord on one point. 政府和反叛者有一点是一致的。

短语
in accord with
  according to 与...一致；根据
of one’s own accord
 自愿地；自动地
  He would not seek treatment of his own accord. 他不会主动去求医的。
with one accordd
  in a united way 一致地

6. account

n.
1.报道；记述
  1.1演奏（音乐）
  a lively account of Offenbach’s score 对奥芬巴赫乐曲的生动演奏
2.账；账目
3.账户；赊购账

charge it to my account
I began buying things on account. 我开始赊购物品。

4.重要性 mass n.

Money was of no account to her. 金钱对她无关紧要。

v.
1.认为；看作
+obj. and complement

短语
by/from all accounts
 根据各种流传的说法
  By all accounts he is a pretty nice guy.

call/bring someone to account
 要求解释错误（失误）
give a good/bad account of oneself
 表现出色或拙劣
...
短语动词
account for
  1.解释；说明
    1.1查明...的命运（下落）
    1.2杀死；消灭；击败
  2.提供；构成（数量、比例）

7. across