10. JavaGUI编程

组件

窗口
弹窗
面板
文本框
列表框
按钮
图片
监听事件
鼠标
键盘事件
破解工具

1. 简介

Gui的核心技术：Swing，AWT

界面不美观。
需要jre环境！

为什么我们要学习？

可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具
工作的时候，也可能需要维护到swing界面，概率极小！
了解MVC架构，了解监听！

2. AWT

2.1 AWT介绍

包含了很多类和接口！GUI：图形用户界面编程
元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
java.awt

2.2 组件和容器

1. Frame

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class Demo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame对象
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图像界面窗口");

        //需要设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        //设置背景颜色   Color
        frame.setBackground(Color.red);

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

问题：发现窗口关闭不掉，停止java程序

尝试回顾封装：


import java.awt.*;

public class Demo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.green);
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0; // 可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器

    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color){
        super("Myframe" + (++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x, y, w, h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2. Panel

解决了关闭窗口的问题

//Panel 可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(Color.CYAN);

        //panel设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(Color.white);

        //frame.add()
        frame.add(panel);



        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭时要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束事件
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

3. 布局管理器

流式布局

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置为流式布局
//        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));

        frame.setSize(200,200);
        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

东南西北中

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格布局

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack();//java方法自动选择最优大小
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

4. 练习

实现此布局

import java.awt.*;

public class TrainDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setSize(400,300);
        frame.setLocation(300,400);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        //四个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));

        //上面OK
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间的四个
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-" + i));
        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
    }
}

总结：

Frame是一个顶级窗口
Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中。
布局管理器
1. 流式
2. 东西南北中
3. 表格
大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听。

5. 事件监听

事件监听：当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，出发一些时间
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();
        //因为addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener，所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionlistener myActionlistener = new MyActionlistener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionlistener);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        WindowClose(frame);
    }


    //关闭窗体事件
    private static void WindowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}


class MyActionlistener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("你好");
    }
}

多个按钮共享一个事件：

import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionEvent2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮实现同一个监听
        //开始   停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");

        //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会返回默认值
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了: esg" + e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

6. 输入框事件监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestTest01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动！
        new MyFrame2();
    }
}

class MyFrame2 extends Frame{
    public MyFrame2(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter触发这个输入框监听事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回了一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");//null是一个对象，""是一个字符串
    }
}

7. 简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

oop原则：组合，大于继承！

目前代码

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//建议计算器
public class TestClc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator() {
        //3个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));

        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    private TextField num1;
    private TextField num2;
    private TextField num3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }

    //获取三个变量
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        //2.将这个值加法运算后放到第三个框
        num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
        //3.清除前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

使用组合：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//建议计算器
public class TestClc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3个文本框
        this.num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        this.num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        this.num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Calculator calculator = null;
    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    //获取三个变量
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        //2.将这个值加法运算后放到第三个框
        //3.清除前两个框
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

完全改造为面向对象(使用内部类)：

更好的包装

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//建议计算器
public class TestClc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3个文本框
        this.num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        this.num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        this.num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //监听器类
    //内部类最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法！
    class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
        //获取三个变量
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.获得加数和被加数
            //2.将这个值加法运算后放到第三个框
            //3.清除前两个框
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

8. 画笔

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame{
    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(500,500,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
//        super.paint(g);
        //画笔需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.red);
//        g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的圆
        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.fillRect(200,200,200,200);
        
        //养成习惯，画笔用完，将它还原到最初的颜色（黑色）
    }
}

9. 鼠标监听

目的：想要实现鼠标画画

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame3("画图");
    }
}

class MyFrame3 extends Frame{
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听监听鼠标当前的位置,需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;
    public MyFrame3(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,400,300);

        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        //鼠标监听器，针对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());

        setVisible(true);
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画，需要监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }
    //添加一个点到界面上面
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }

    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标 按下，弹起，按住不放

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame3 myframe = (MyFrame3) e.getSource();
            //这个我们惦记的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点！
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            myframe.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标重画一遍
            myframe.repaint();//刷新
        }
    }
}

10. 窗口监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.green);
        setBounds(400,400,300,300);
        setVisible(true);
//        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());

        //匿名内部类
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("窗口已打开");
            }

            @Override
            public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("窗口已关闭");
            }

            //激活
            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("windowActivated");
            }

            //关闭
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//                System.exit(0);
                System.out.println("你点击了关闭");
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

}

11. 键盘监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,300,400);
        setVisible(true);

        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘按下的键是哪一个,当前的码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用它的静态属性 VK_XXX
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
                //根据按下不同的操作，产生不同的结果
            }
        });
    }
}

3. Swing

3.1 窗口、面板

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo01 {
    //init():初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        frame.setBackground(Color.green);
        //设置文字 JLabel
        JLabel label = new JLabel("你好");
        frame.add(label);
        //让文本标签居中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //容器实例化
        Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        //关闭事件
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo01().init();
    }
}

3.2 弹窗

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //Jframe 放东西需要容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {       //监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialog();
            }
        });
        contentPane.add(button);

    }



    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialog extends JDialog{
    public MyDialog() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,10,500,500);
//        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        contentPane.add(new JLabel("子窗口"),BorderLayout.CENTER);
    }
}

3.3 标签

label

new JLabel("xxx")

图标ICON

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标是一个接口，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo(){ }

    public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签上，也可裙长放在按钮上


        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(new JLabel("icontest",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER));

        this.pack();
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x, y, this.width, this.height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片ICON

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImageIconDemo(){
        //获取图片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("img.png");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);//命名不要冲突了
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(label);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

3.4 面板

JPanel

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestJPanel extends JFrame {
    public TestJPanel() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面的参数的意思：间距

        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));


        panel.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel.add(new JButton("1"));

        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));

        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));

        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        container.add(panel);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestJPanel();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        jTextArea.setText("你好");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5 按钮

单选按钮
复选按钮

图片按钮

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为一给图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("img.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        //add
        container.add(button);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选按钮

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为一给图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("img.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组,一个组中只能选择一个按钮
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton01);
        group.add(radioButton02);
        group.add(radioButton03);

        container.add(radioButton01,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton02,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton03,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为一给图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("img.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkbox01 = new JCheckBox("checkbox01");
        JCheckBox checkbox02 = new JCheckBox("chekbox02");
        
        container.add(checkbox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkbox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6 列表

下拉框

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在上映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将上映");
        container.add(status);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }

}

列表框

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //生成列表的内容
//        String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
        Vector contents = new Vector();
        contents.add("张三");
        contents.add("李四");
        contents.add("王五");

        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);
        container.add(jList);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }

}

应用场景

选择地区，或者一些单个选项
列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容！

3.7 文本框

文本框

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        

        JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("world",20);

        container.add(jTextField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }

}

密码框

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');
        
        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }

}

文本域

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        jTextArea.setText("你好");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

4. 贪吃蛇案例

帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧，60帧。连起来是动画，拆开就是静态的图片。

键盘监听

定时器Timer

//数据中心
public class Data {
    //相对路径 tx.jpg
    //卷对路径 /相当于当前的项目
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("snake1.png");
    public static URL url = Data.class.getResource("");
    public static ImageIcon  header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("snake4.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("snake5.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("snake6.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("snake7.png");
    public static ImageIcon  up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon  down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon  left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon  right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);

    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("snake3.png");
    public static ImageIcon  body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("snake2.png");
    public static ImageIcon  food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);

}

//游戏的面板

/*
    1. 定义数据
    2. 画上去
    3. 监听事件 键盘，事件
 */
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//实现键盘监听器
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int length;//蛇的长度
    int [] snakeX = new int[600]; //蛇的x坐标 25*25
    int [] snakeY = new int[500]; //蛇的y坐标  25*25
    String fx;  //初始方向向右

    //食物的坐标
    int foodX;
    int foodY;
    Random random = new Random();
    int score;//成绩
    //游戏当前的状态: 开始，停止
    boolean isStrat = false;//默认不开始
    boolean isFail = false;//游戏失败状态

    //定时器 以毫秒为单位   1000ms = 1s
    Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);//100毫秒执行一次,Timer 绑定的是ActionListener这个监听器


    //构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        //获得脚垫和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
        timer.start();//游戏一开始，定时器就启动
    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;//头的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;//第一节身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;//第二节身体的坐标
        fx = "R";
        foodX = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
        foodY = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
        score = 0;

    }

    //绘制面板,我们游戏中的所有东西，都是用这个画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
        //绘制静态的面板
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);//头部广告栏
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);//默认游戏界面

        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodX,foodY);

        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18));
        g.drawString("长度 " + length,750,35);
        g.drawString("分数 " + score,750,50);

        //把小蛇画上去
        if (fx.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);  //蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
        }else if (fx.equals("L")){
            Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);  //蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
        }else if (fx.equals("U")){
            Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);  //蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
        }else if (fx.equals("D")){
            Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);  //蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
        }

        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);  //身体的坐标
        }

        //游戏状态
        if(isStrat == false){
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            //设置字体
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
        }
        if(isFail == true){
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            //设置字体
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
            g.drawString("失败，按下空格重新开始",300,300);
        }

    }



    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获得键盘按键是哪一个
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){//如果按下的是空格键
            if (isFail){
                //重新开始
                isFail = false;
                init();//重新初始化
            }else {
                isStrat = !isStrat;//取反
            }
            repaint();
        }
        //小蛇移动
        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            fx = "U";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            fx = "D";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            fx = "L";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            fx = "R";
        }
    }

    //事件监听--- 需要固定的事件来刷新，1s = 10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (isStrat && isFail == false){//如果游戏是开始状态，就让小蛇动起来
            //吃食物
            if(snakeX[0] == foodX && snakeY[0] == foodY){
                //长度加一
                length ++;
                //分数加10
                score += 10;
                //再次随机食物位置
                foodX = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
                foodY = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
            }
            //移动
            for (int i = length-1; i >0 ; i--) {//后一节移动到前一节的位置
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];//向前移动一节
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
            }
            //走向
            if (fx.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;
                //边界判断
                if(snakeX[0] > 850){ snakeX[0] = 25;}
            }else if(fx.equals("L")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
                //边界判断
                if(snakeX[0] < 25){ snakeX[0] = 850;}
            }else if(fx.equals("U")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
                if(snakeY[0] < 75){ snakeY[0] = 650;}
            }else if (fx.equals("D")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
                if(snakeY[0] > 650){ snakeY[0] = 75;}
            }
            //失败判定，撞到自己就算失败
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]){
                    isFail = true;
                }
            }
            repaint();//重画页面
        }
//        timer.start();//定时器开始
    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }
    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }


}

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame();

        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        jFrame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        jFrame.setResizable(false);//窗口大小不可变`
        //正常游戏界面都应该在面板上

        jFrame.add(new GamePanel());
        jFrame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

posted @ 2021-07-05 19:50 Tomato12138 阅读(56) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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Tomato12138

10. JavaGUI编程

10. JavaGUI编程

1. 简介

2. AWT

2.1 AWT介绍

2.2 组件和容器

1. Frame

2. Panel

3. 布局管理器

4. 练习

5. 事件监听

6. 输入框事件监听

7. 简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

8. 画笔

9. 鼠标监听

10. 窗口监听

11. 键盘监听

3. Swing

3.1 窗口、面板

3.2 弹窗

3.3 标签

3.4 面板

3.5 按钮

3.6 列表

3.7 文本框

4. 贪吃蛇案例

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