Java 基础(位运算符)

运算符：位运算

运算符	运算	范例
<<	左移	3 << 2 = 12 --> 322=12
>>	右移	3 >> 1 = 1 --> 3/2=1
>>>	无符号右移	3 >>> 1 = 1 --> 3/2=1
&	与运算	6 & 3 = 2
|	或运算	6 | 3 = 7
^	异或运算	6 ^ 3 = 5
~	取反运算	~6 = -7
位运算是直接对整数的二进制进行的运算
注意：无 <<<

总结

• 位运算符操作的都是整型的数据
• << : 在一定范围内，每向左移1位，相等于 * 2;
  >> : 在一定范围内，每向左移1位，相等于 / 2;

class BitTest{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        int i = 21;
        
        System.out.println("i << 2 :" + (i << 2));     //84
        System.out.println("i << 3 :" + (i << 3));     //168
        System.out.println("i << 27 :" + (i << 27));   //-1476395008

        i = -21;
        System.out.println("i << 2 : " + (i << 2));       //i << 2 : -84
        System.out.println("i << 3 : " + (i << 3));       //i << 3 : -168
        System.out.println("i << 27 : " + (i << 27));     //i << 27 : 1476395008

                int m = 12;
        int n = 5;
        System.out.println("m & n : "+ (m & n));          //m & n : 4
        System.out.println("m | n : "+ (m | n));          //m | n : 13
        System.out.println("m ^ n : "+ (m ^ n));          //m ^ n : 9
        
        //练习: 交换两个变量的值
        int num1 = 10;
        int num2 = 20;
        System.out.println("num1 = " + num1 + ", num2 = " + num2);  //num1 = 10, num2 = 20
        
        //方式一: 定义临时变量的方式
        //int temp = num1;
        //num1 = num2;
        //num2 = temp;
        //System.out.println("num1 = " + num1 + ", num2 = " + num2);  //num1 = 20, num2 = 10
        
        
        //方式二：
        //好处: 不用定义临时变量
        //弊端：1.相加操作可能超出存储范围；2.有局限性：只能适用于数值类型
        //num1 = num1 + num2;
        //num2 = num1 - num2;
        //num1 = num1 - num2;
        //System.out.println("num1 = " + num1 + ", num2 = " + num2);    //num1 = 20, num2 = 10
        
        //方式三：使用位运算
        num1 = num1 ^ num2;
        num2 = num1 ^ num2;
        num1 = num1 ^ num2;
        System.out.println("num1 = " + num1 + ", num2 = " + num2);      //num1 = 20, num2 = 10
    }
}