网络编程-TCP UDP URL
网络编程-TCP UDP URL
TCP
先启动服务端，再启动客户端！！！！
1.TCP 基本实现
客户端
- 连接服务器 Socket
- 发送消息
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPClientDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Socket socket = null;
OutputStream os = null;
try {
// 1.要知道服务器的地址
InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
int port = 9999;
// 2.创建一个socket链接
socket = new Socket(inetAddress, port);
// 3.发送信息IO流
os = socket.getOutputStream();
os.write("hello, tcp socket 网路连接".getBytes());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭资源
if (os != null) {
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
服务器端
- 建立服务的端口 ServerSocket
- 等待的用户的连接 accept
- 接收用户的消息
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServerDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
Socket socket = null;
InputStream is = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;
try {
// 1.有一个地址
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
// 2.等待客户端连接过来
socket = serverSocket.accept();
// 3.读取客户端的消息
is = socket.getInputStream();
/*
//弃用 会有中文乱码
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1){
String s = new String(buffer,0,len);
System.out.println(s);
}
*/
// 管道流
baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
baos.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
System.out.println(baos.toString());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭资源
if (baos != null) {
try {
baos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (is != null) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (serverSocket != null) {
try {
serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
// hello, tcp socket 网路连接
//
// Process finished with exit code 0
2.文件上传
- 客户端
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPClientDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.建立连接
Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9000);
// 2.创建输出流
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
// 3.读取文件
// 源文件放到项目根目录
// File 创建 根目录默认是项目目录
FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(new File("gcbeen.jpg"));
// 4.输出测试文件
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while((len = stream.read(buffer)) != -1){
os.write(buffer,0,len);
}
// 5.通知服务器已发送完成
socket.shutdownOutput();
// 6.确定服务器已经收到，断开连接
InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer2 = new byte[1024];
int len2 = 0;
while((len2 = stream.read(buffer2)) != -1){
byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer2,0,len2);
}
System.out.println(byteArrayOutputStream);
// 7.关闭流
byteArrayOutputStream.close();
inputStream.close();
stream.close();
os.close();
socket.close();
}
}
- 服务端
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServerDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 1.创建一个服务器地址
ServerSocket socket = new ServerSocket(9000);
// 2.监听客户连接
Socket accept = socket.accept(); // 阻塞式监听，能等待用户连进来
// 3.获取输入流
InputStream is = accept.getInputStream();
// 4.确定存放文件的位置
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("resort.jpg");
// 5.写入文件
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){
fileOutputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
}
// 6.通知客户端收集完毕
OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
outputStream.write("服务器已经收集成功，请断开连接！".getBytes());
// 7.关闭流
outputStream.close();
fileOutputStream.close();
is.close();
accept.close();
socket.close();
}
}
3.初识Tomcat
Tomcat
Tomcat乱码： conf\logging.properties 把UTF-8改为GBK
服务端
- 自定义 S
- Tomcat服务器 S ：Java后台开发
客户端
- 自定义 C
- 浏览器 B
UDP
发短信：不用连接，需要知道对方的地址
1.发送消息
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
public class UDPClientDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 1.建立一个Socket
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
// 2.建个包
String msg = "服务器，你好！";
InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
int port = 9090;
// 数据，数据的长度起始，要发送给谁
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0,msg.getBytes().length,localhost,port);
// 3.发送包
socket.send(packet);
// 4.关闭流
socket.close();
}
}
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
public class UDPServerDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 1.开放端口
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
// 2.接收数据包
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
socket.receive(packet); // 阻塞接受
System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
System.out.println(new String(packet.getData()));
// 3.关闭连接
socket.close();
}
}
// 127.0.0.1
// 服务器，你好！
2.循环发送消息
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
public class UDPSenderDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8888);
// 准备数据：控制台读取
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
while(true) {
String data = reader.readLine();
byte[] buffer = data.getBytes();
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length, new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 6666));
// 发送包
socket.send(packet);
if (data.equals("bye")) {
break;
}
}
// 关闭socket
socket.close();
}
}
// Hello Java!!!
// God Bless YOU!!!
// bye
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
public class UDPReceiveDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 开放端口
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);
while (true) {
// 准备接收包裹
byte[] container = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container, 0, container.length);
socket.receive(packet);
byte[] data = packet.getData();
String receiveData = new String(data);
System.out.println(receiveData);
if (receiveData.equals("bye")) {
break;
}
}
// 关闭socket
socket.close();
}
}
// Hello Java!!!
// God Bless YOU!!!
// bye
在线咨询： 两个人都可以是发送方，也可以是接收方(配合多线程)
3.发信端
package com.gcbeen.net.talk;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
public class TalkSend implements Runnable {
DatagramSocket socket = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
private int formPort;
private String hostname;
private int toPort;
public TalkSend(int formPort, String hostname, int toPort) {
this.formPort = formPort;
this.hostname = hostname;
this.toPort = toPort;
try {
socket = new DatagramSocket(formPort);
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
String s = reader.readLine();
byte[] buffer = s.getBytes();
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length,
new InetSocketAddress(hostname, toPort));
// 发送包
socket.send(packet);
if (s.equals("bye")) {
break;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 关闭socket
socket.close();
}
}
4.接收端
package com.gcbeen.net.talk;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;
public class TalkReceive implements Runnable{
DatagramSocket socket = null;
private int port;
public TalkReceive(int port) {
this.port = port;
try {
socket = new DatagramSocket(port);
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
//开放端口
// 接收包
while (true){
try {
byte[] container = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container,0,container.length);
// 接收
socket.receive(packet);
byte[] data = packet.getData();
String receiveData = new String(data);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + receiveData);
if (receiveData.equals("bye")){
break;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
socket.close();
}
}
5.教师端
package com.gcbeen.net.talk;
public class TeacherClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(new TalkSend(5555,"localhost",9999)).start();
new Thread(new TalkReceive(8900),"学生").start();
}
}
// 悟空
// 学生:师傅
// 八戒哪里去了
// 学生:徒儿不知
//
// Process finished with exit code 130 (interrupted by signal 2: SIGINT)
6.学生端
package com.gcbeen.net.talk;
public class StudentClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(new TalkSend(7777,"localhost",8900)).start();
new Thread(new TalkReceive(9999),"老师").start();
}
}
// 老师:悟空
// 师傅
// 老师:八戒哪里去了
// 徒儿不知
//
// Process finished with exit code 130 (interrupted by signal 2: SIGINT)
URL
-
统一资源定位符：定位互联网上的某一个资源
-
DNS域名解析 www.baidu.com —> xxx.xxx.xxxx.xxx…xxx
协议：// ip地址：端口号/项目名/资源
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
public class URLDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/helloworld/insex" +
".jsp?username=gcbeen&password=123");
System.out.println(url.getProtocol()); // 协议
System.out.println(url.getHost()); // 主机IP
System.out.println(url.getPort()); // 端口
System.out.println(url.getPath()); // 路径
System.out.println(url.getFile()); // 文件名
System.out.println(url.getQuery()); // 参数
}
}
// http
// localhost
// 8080
// /helloworld/insex.jsp
// /helloworld/insex.jsp?username=gcbeen&password=123
// username=gcbeen&password=123
//
// Process finished with exit code 0
下载网页上的文件
- 1.启动tomcat服务器；
- 2.在tomcat中放好文件；
- 3.进行相关测试
package com.gcbeen.net;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class URLDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.下载地址
URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/gcbeen/hello.html");
// 2.连接到这个资源 HTTP
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
InputStream is = urlConnection.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream(new File("same.txt"));
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
stream.write(bytes, 0, len);
}
stream.close();
is.close();
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
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