python3+PyQt5 创建多线程网络应用-TCP客户端和TCP服务器实例

本文在上文的基础上重新实现支持多线程的服务器。

以下为TCP客户端的程序代码：

​
    #!/usr/bin/env python3
    
    import sys
    from PyQt5.QtCore import (QByteArray, QDataStream, QDate, QIODevice,
        QRegExp, Qt)
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QDateEdit, QFrame, QGridLayout,
        QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QLineEdit, QPushButton,
        QWidget)
    from PyQt5.QtGui import QRegExpValidator
    from PyQt5.QtNetwork import (QTcpSocket,)
    
    MAC = True
    try:
      from PyQt5.QtGui import qt_mac_set_native_menubar
    except ImportError:
      MAC = False
    
    PORT = 9407
    SIZEOF_UINT16 = 2
    
    
    class BuildingServicesClient(QWidget):
    
      def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(BuildingServicesClient, self).__init__(parent)
    
        self.socket = QTcpSocket()
        self.nextBlockSize = 0
        self.request = None
    
        roomLabel = QLabel("&Room")
        self.roomEdit = QLineEdit()
        roomLabel.setBuddy(self.roomEdit)
        regex = QRegExp(r"[0-9](?:0[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[0-4])")
        self.roomEdit.setValidator(QRegExpValidator(regex, self))
        self.roomEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)
        dateLabel = QLabel("&Date")
        self.dateEdit = QDateEdit()
        dateLabel.setBuddy(self.dateEdit)
        self.dateEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)
        self.dateEdit.setDate(QDate.currentDate().addDays(1))
        self.dateEdit.setDisplayFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")
        responseLabel = QLabel("Response")
        self.responseLabel = QLabel()
        self.responseLabel.setFrameStyle(QFrame.StyledPanel|QFrame.Sunken)
    
        self.bookButton = QPushButton("&Book")
        self.bookButton.setEnabled(False)
        self.unBookButton = QPushButton("&Unbook")
        self.unBookButton.setEnabled(False)
        quitButton = QPushButton("&Quit")
        if not MAC:
          self.bookButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
          self.unBookButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
    
        buttonLayout = QHBoxLayout()
        buttonLayout.addWidget(self.bookButton)
        buttonLayout.addWidget(self.unBookButton)
        buttonLayout.addStretch()
        buttonLayout.addWidget(quitButton)
        layout = QGridLayout()
        layout.addWidget(roomLabel, 0, 0)
        layout.addWidget(self.roomEdit, 0, 1)
        layout.addWidget(dateLabel, 0, 2)
        layout.addWidget(self.dateEdit, 0, 3)
        layout.addWidget(responseLabel, 1, 0)
        layout.addWidget(self.responseLabel, 1, 1, 1, 3)
        layout.addLayout(buttonLayout, 2, 1, 1, 4)
        self.setLayout(layout)
    
        self.socket.connected.connect(self.sendRequest)
        self.socket.readyRead.connect(self.readResponse)
        self.socket.disconnected.connect(self.serverHasStopped)
        #self.connect(self.socket,
        #       SIGNAL("error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)"),
         #      self.serverHasError)
        self.socket.error.connect(self.serverHasError)
        self.roomEdit.textEdited.connect(self.updateUi)
        self.dateEdit.dateChanged.connect(self.updateUi)
    
        self.bookButton.clicked.connect(self.book)
        self.unBookButton.clicked.connect(self.unBook)
        quitButton.clicked.connect(self.close)
    
        self.setWindowTitle("Building Services")
    
    
      def updateUi(self):
        enabled = False
        if (self.roomEdit.text() and
          self.dateEdit.date() > QDate.currentDate()):
          enabled = True
        if self.request is not None:
          enabled = False
        self.bookButton.setEnabled(enabled)
        self.unBookButton.setEnabled(enabled)
    
    
      def closeEvent(self, event):
        self.socket.close()
        event.accept()
    
    
      def book(self):
        self.issueRequest("BOOK", self.roomEdit.text(),
                 self.dateEdit.date())
    
    
      def unBook(self):
        self.issueRequest("UNBOOK", self.roomEdit.text(),
                 self.dateEdit.date())
    
    
      def issueRequest(self, action, room, date):
        self.request = QByteArray()
        stream = QDataStream(self.request, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
        stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
        stream.writeUInt16(0)
        stream.writeQString(action)
        stream.writeQString(room)
        stream << date
        stream.device().seek(0)
        stream.writeUInt16(self.request.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16)#overwrite seek(0)
        self.updateUi()
        if self.socket.isOpen():
          self.socket.close()
        self.responseLabel.setText("Connecting to server...")
        self.socket.connectToHost("localhost", PORT)
    
    
      def sendRequest(self):
        self.responseLabel.setText("Sending request...")
        self.nextBlockSize = 0
        self.socket.write(self.request)
        self.request = None
    
    
      def readResponse(self):
        stream = QDataStream(self.socket)
        stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
    
        while True:
          if self.nextBlockSize == 0:
            if self.socket.bytesAvailable() < SIZEOF_UINT16:
              break
            self.nextBlockSize = stream.readUInt16()
          if self.socket.bytesAvailable() < self.nextBlockSize:
            break
          action = ""
          room = ""
          date = QDate()
          #stream >> action >> room
          action=stream.readQString()
          room=stream.readQString()
          if action != "ERROR":
            stream >> date
          if action == "ERROR":
            msg = "Error: {0}".format(room)
          elif action == "BOOK":
            msg = "Booked room {0} for {1}".format(room,date.toString(Qt.ISODate))
          elif action == "UNBOOK":
            msg = "Unbooked room {0} for {1}".format(room,date.toString(Qt.ISODate))
          self.responseLabel.setText(msg)
          self.updateUi()
          self.nextBlockSize = 0
    
    
      def serverHasStopped(self):
        self.responseLabel.setText(
            "Error: Connection closed by server")
        self.socket.close()
    
    
      def serverHasError(self, error):
        self.responseLabel.setText("Error: {0}".format(self.socket.errorString()))
        self.socket.close()
    
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    form = BuildingServicesClient()
    form.show()
    app.exec_()

以下为TCP服务端的程序代码：

​
    #!/usr/bin/env python3
    import bisect
    import collections
    import sys
    from PyQt5.QtCore import (QByteArray, QDataStream, QDate, QReadWriteLock, QThread,QIODevice, Qt)
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMessageBox, QPushButton)
    from PyQt5.QtNetwork import (QAbstractSocket,QHostAddress, QTcpServer, QTcpSocket)
    
    PORT = 9407
    SIZEOF_UINT16 = 2
    MAX_BOOKINGS_PER_DAY = 5
    
    # Key = date, value = list of room IDs
    Bookings = collections.defaultdict(list)
    
    
    def printBookings():
      for key in sorted(Bookings):
        print(key, Bookings[key])
      print()
    
    
    class Thread(QThread):
    
      lock = QReadWriteLock()
    
      def __init__(self, socketId, parent):
        super(Thread, self).__init__(parent)
        self.socketId = socketId
    
    
      def run(self):
        socket = QTcpSocket()
        if not socket.setSocketDescriptor(self.socketId):
          #self.emit(SIGNAL("error(int)"), socket.error())
          self.error.connect(socket.error)
          return
        while socket.state() == QAbstractSocket.ConnectedState:
          nextBlockSize = 0
          stream = QDataStream(socket)
          stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
          if (socket.waitForReadyRead() and
            socket.bytesAvailable() >= SIZEOF_UINT16):
            nextBlockSize = stream.readUInt16()
          else:
            self.sendError(socket, "Cannot read client request")
            return
          if socket.bytesAvailable() < nextBlockSize:
            if (not socket.waitForReadyRead(60000) or
              socket.bytesAvailable() < nextBlockSize):
              self.sendError(socket, "Cannot read client data")
              return
          action = ""
          room = ""
          date = QDate()
          action=stream.readQString()
          if action in ("BOOK", "UNBOOK"):
            room=stream.readQString()
            stream >> date
            try:
              Thread.lock.lockForRead()
              bookings = Bookings.get(date.toPyDate())
            finally:
              Thread.lock.unlock()
            uroom = str(room)
          if action == "BOOK":
            newlist = False
            try:
              Thread.lock.lockForRead()
              if bookings is None:
                newlist = True
            finally:
              Thread.lock.unlock()
            if newlist:
              try:
                Thread.lock.lockForWrite()
                bookings = Bookings[date.toPyDate()]
              finally:
                Thread.lock.unlock()
            error = None
            insert = False
            try:
              Thread.lock.lockForRead()
              if len(bookings) < MAX_BOOKINGS_PER_DAY:
                if uroom in bookings:
                  error = "Cannot accept duplicate booking"
                else:
                  insert = True
              else:
                error = "{0} is fully booked".format(date.toString(Qt.ISODate))
            finally:
              Thread.lock.unlock()
            if insert:
              try:
                Thread.lock.lockForWrite()
                bisect.insort(bookings, uroom)
              finally:
                Thread.lock.unlock()
              self.sendReply(socket, action, room, date)
            else:
              self.sendError(socket, error)
          elif action == "UNBOOK":
            error = None
            remove = False
            try:
              Thread.lock.lockForRead()
              if bookings is None or uroom not in bookings:
                error = "Cannot unbook nonexistent booking"
              else:
                remove = True
            finally:
              Thread.lock.unlock()
            if remove:
              try:
                Thread.lock.lockForWrite()
                bookings.remove(uroom)
              finally:
                Thread.lock.unlock()
              self.sendReply(socket, action, room, date)
            else:
              self.sendError(socket, error)
          else:
            self.sendError(socket, "Unrecognized request")
          socket.waitForDisconnected()
          try:
            Thread.lock.lockForRead()
            printBookings()
          finally:
            Thread.lock.unlock()
    
    
      def sendError(self, socket, msg):
        reply = QByteArray()
        stream = QDataStream(reply, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
        stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
        stream.writeUInt16(0)
        stream.writeQString("ERROR")
        stream.writeQString(msg)
        stream.device().seek(0)
        stream.writeUInt16(reply.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16)
        socket.write(reply)
    
      def sendReply(self, socket, action, room, date):
        reply = QByteArray()
        stream = QDataStream(reply, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
        stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
        stream.writeUInt16(0)
        stream.writeQString(action)
        stream.writeQString(room)
        stream<<date
        stream.device().seek(0)
        stream.writeUInt16(reply.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16)
        socket.write(reply)
    
    class TcpServer(QTcpServer):
    
      def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(TcpServer, self).__init__(parent)
    
    
      def incomingConnection(self, socketId):
        thread = Thread(socketId, self)
        #self.connect(thread, SIGNAL("finished()"),
        #       thread, SLOT("deleteLater()"))
        thread.finished.connect(thread.deleteLater)
        thread.start()
    
    
    class BuildingServicesDlg(QPushButton):
    
      def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(BuildingServicesDlg, self).__init__(
            "&Close Server", parent)
        self.setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowStaysOnTopHint)
    
        self.loadBookings()
        self.tcpServer = TcpServer(self)
        if not self.tcpServer.listen(QHostAddress("0.0.0.0"), PORT):
          QMessageBox.critical(self, "Building Services Server","Failed to start server: {0}".format(self.tcpServer.errorString()))
          self.close()
          return
    
        self.clicked.connect(self.close)
        font = self.font()
        font.setPointSize(24)
        self.setFont(font)
        self.setWindowTitle("Building Services Server")
    
    
      def loadBookings(self):
        # Generate fake data
        import random
    
        today = QDate.currentDate()
        for i in range(10):
          date = today.addDays(random.randint(7, 60))
          for j in range(random.randint(1, MAX_BOOKINGS_PER_DAY)):
            # Rooms are 001..534 excl. 100, 200, ..., 500
            floor = random.randint(0, 5)
            room = random.randint(1, 34)
            bookings = Bookings[date.toPyDate()]
            if len(bookings) >= MAX_BOOKINGS_PER_DAY:
              continue
            bisect.insort(bookings, "{0:1d}{1:02d}".format(
                   floor, room))
        printBookings()
    
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    form = BuildingServicesDlg()
    form.show()
    form.move(0, 0)
    app.exec_()