1.4创建user/serializers.py写序列化器
from rest_ framework import serializers
from user 。models import User
def address_ validate( data):
#独立校验器
# raise serializers . ValidationError('请填写实际地址') #有错就抛出异常
#没错就返回数据
return data
#没错就返回数据
return data
class UserSerializer(serializers . ModelSerializer):
# 1.独立校验器: 重新设定字段,替换掉模型中的设定,重新设定地址的长度为5
address = serializers CharF ield(max_ 1ength=255,min_ 1ength=5, val idators= [address_ validate])
# 2.单一字段验证,验证地址
def validate_ address(self, data):
if data =='测试':
raise serializers . ValidationError( '请填写实际地址") # 有错就抛出异常
return data # 没错就返回结果
def validate. _phone(self, data):
#不符合手机号格式
# raise serializers . ValidationError('手机号格式不正确')
model = self . root. Meta . model
num = model . objects . filter( phone=data) . count( )
"""
from django.http import HttpResponse # http响应
from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend # Django过滤器后端
from rest_framework import viewsets # 视图集
from rest_framework . authentication import BasicAuthentication,SessionAuthentication # 基本身份验证, 会话身份验证
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter # 排序过滤器
from rest_framework. permissions import AllowAny,IsAdminUser,IsAuthenticated,IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly #从权限导入允许所有、Admin用户、经过身份验证、经过身份验证或只读
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.throttling import UserRateThrottle # 用户速率节流
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination # 页码分页
from rest_framework .views import APIView
from rest_framework .permissions import BasePermission,SAFE_METHODS # 基础权限、SAFE_METHODS
from user .models import UserModel
from user.serializers import UserSerializer
"""
def index(request):
# 需要认证才能访问的视图
return HttpResponse('hello')
"""分页布局:自定义分页器 布局"""
class PageNum(PageNumberPagination):
"""查询字符串中代表每页返回数据数量的参数名,默认值: None"""
page_size_query_param = 'page_size'
# 查询字符串中代表页码的参数名,有默认值: page
page_query_param = 'page'
# 一页中最多的结果条数
max_page_size = 2
"""自定义权限(局部)"""
class MyPermission(BasePermission):
def has_permission(self, request, view):
print(view.kwargs.get("pk"), request.user.id)
"""判断用户对模型有没有访问权
任何用户对使用此权限类的视图都有访问权限"""
print(request)
if request.user.is_superuser:
"""管理员对用户模型有访问权"""
return True
elif view.kwargs.get('pk') == str(request.user.id):
"""携带的id和用户的id相同时有访问权"""
return True
return False
def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
# 获取单个数据时,判断用户对某个数据对象是否有访问权限
if request.user.id == obj.id:
return True
return False
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""完成产品的增删改查"""
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer # 优先使用get_serializer_class返回的序列化器?
# #1.认证:自定义认证类,自定义会覆盖全局配置
# authentication_classes = (BasicAuthentication,SessionAuthentication)
# #2.权限:自定义权限类
# permission_classes = (MyPermission,)
# 3.分页:自定义分页器覆盖全局配置
pagination_class = PageNum
# 4.限流:自定义限流类
throttle_classes = [UserRateThrottle]
# 5.过滤:指定过滤方法类,排序方法类,一个或多个
filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend, OrderingFilter)
# 5.1指定排序字段,不设置,排序功能不超效
ordering_fields = ('date_joined', 'id')
# 5.2指定过滤字段,不设置,过滤功能不起效
filter_fields = ('username', 'phone', 'is_active')
def get_serializer_class(self):
if self.action == 'unactived':
return UserUnActiveSerializer
else:
return UserSerializer
@action(methods=['get'], detail=False)
def unactived(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# 获取查询集,过滤出未激活的用户
qs = self.queryset.filter(is_active=False)
# 使用序列化器,序列化查询集,并且序列化多条
ser = self.get_serializer(qs, many=True)
return Response(ser.data)