实验7:基于 REST API 的 SDN 北向应用实践

实验7:基于 REST API 的 SDN 北向应用实践

一、实验目的

  1. 能够编写程序调用 OpenDaylight REST API 实现特定网络功能;

  2. 能够编写程序调用 Ryu REST API 实现特定网络功能。

二、实验环境

  1. 下载虚拟机软件 Oracle VisualBox 或 VMware;

  2. 在虚拟机中安装 Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop amd64,并完整安装 Mininet、OpenDaylight(Carbon版本)、Postman和Ryu;

三、实验要求

(一)基本要求

  1. OpenDaylight

(1) 利用 Mininet 平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑,并连接 OpenDaylight;

(2) 编写Python程序,调用OpenDaylight的北向接口下发指令删除s1上的流表数据。

(3) 编写Python程序,调用OpenDaylight的北向接口下发硬超时流表,实现拓扑内主机h1和h3网络中断20s。

(4) 编写Python程序,调用OpenDaylight的北向接口获取s1上活动的流表数。

  1. Ryu

(1) 编写Python程序,调用Ryu的北向接口,实现上述OpenDaylight实验拓扑上相同的硬超时流表下发。

(2) 利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑,要求支持OpenFlow 1.3协议,主机名、交换机名以及端口对应正确。拓扑生成后需连接Ryu,且Ryu应能够提供REST API服务。

输入指令sudo sudo mn --custom topo.py --topo mytopo --mac --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13

(3) 整理一个Shell脚本,参考Ryu REST API的文档,利用curl命令,实现和实验2相同的VLAN。

VLAN_ID Hosts
0 h1 h3
1 h2 h4

gedit v1.sh,文件内容如下:

curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     
            "ethertype": 33024       
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",    
            "value": 4096            
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 2
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",    
            "ethertype": 33024      
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     
            "value": 4097           
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

# 将主机3,4发送来的数据包取出vlan标记
 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 0
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",    
            "ethertype": 33024       
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 1
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",    
            "ethertype": 33024      
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 2
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

# 将主机3,4发送来的数据包打上vlan标记
 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",    
            "ethertype": 33024      
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",    
            "value": 4096          
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 2
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",    
            "ethertype": 33024      
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",   
            "value": 4097           
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 0
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",    
            "ethertype": 33024      
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 1
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",    
            "ethertype": 33024      
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 2
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

(二)进阶要求

编程实现基本要求第2部分Ryu(3)中的VLAN划分。

gedit v2.py,文件内容如下:

#!/usr/bin/python
import json

import requests

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    flow1 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port": 1
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",    
                "ethertype": 33024      
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",    
                "value": 4096           
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow2 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port": 2
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     
                "ethertype": 33024      
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",     
                "value": 4097           
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow3 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN",    
                "ethertype": 33024     
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    flow4 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 2
            }
        ]
    }
    flow5 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "in_port": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024 
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid", 
                "value": 4096  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow6 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "in_port": 2
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",  
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",  
                "value": 4097 
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow7 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    flow8 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN", 
                "ethertype": 33024  
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 2
            }
        ]
    }
    res1 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow1), headers=headers)
    res2 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow2), headers=headers)
    res3 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow3), headers=headers)
    res4 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow4), headers=headers)
    res5 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow5), headers=headers)
    res6 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow6), headers=headers)
    res7 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow7), headers=headers)
    res8 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow8), headers=headers)

四、个人总结

实验难度

总体来说,本次实验挺难的,要写大量的代码,需要对各种知识有全面的了解,还需要学会编写脚本以及运行脚本。

遇到的问题及解决方案

  1. 在 ping 的过程中,提示 Destination Host Unreachable,ping不通

解决方案:删除拓扑,然后直接重启电脑,重新打开虚拟机,就可以了。

心得体会

通过本次实验,对 odl 和 ryu 的原理以及运用更加清晰,还能够编程实现查看流表,删除流表。大部分是基于老师给的 ppt 按步完成的,同时可以去查阅 odl 和 ryu 的官方文档,学习其中的方法,方便以后的使用,为 sdn 大作业做铺垫。

posted @ 2021-10-26 23:43  HuDunYu  阅读(8)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报