butterfly

The Oxford English Dictionary derives the word straightforwardly from Old English butorflēoge, butter-fly; similar names in Old Dutch and Old High German show that the name is ancient. A possible source of the name is the bright yellow male of the brimstone (Gonepteryx rhamni); another is that butterflies were on the wing in meadows during the spring and summer butter season while the grass was growing.

fly: 苍蝇或飞虫。blowfly: 丽蝇, butterfly, dragonfly:蜻蜓, firefly: 萤火虫, gadfly: 牛虻méng, horsefly: 某种虫, housefly: 某种虫

Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago.

蝴蝶是鳞翅目大鳞翅目Rhopalocera分支中的昆虫，也包括蛾子。成年蝴蝶有巨大的、通常颜色鲜艳的翅膀和引人注目的、飘动的翅膀。该类群由大超家族Papilionoidea组成，其中至少包含一个前类群skippers（前称“橙皮亚纲”超家族），最近的分析表明，它还包含蛾蝶（前称“蛇皮亚纲”超家族）。蝴蝶化石可追溯到约5600万年前的古新世。

Butterflies have the typical four-stage insect life cycle. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it flies off. Some butterflies, especially in the tropics, have several generations in a year, while others have a single generation, and a few in cold locations may take several years to pass through their entire life cycle.

蝴蝶具有典型的四阶段昆虫生命周期。有翅膀的成虫在食物植物上产卵，它们的幼虫被称为毛虫，将以此为食。毛毛虫有时生长得很快，发育完全后在蛹中化蛹。变态完成后，蛹皮裂开，成虫爬出，翅膀展开干燥后，飞走。有些蝴蝶，尤其是热带地区的蝴蝶，一年中会有几代，而另一些蝴蝶只有一代，而寒冷地区的一些蝴蝶可能需要几年的时间才能度过它们的整个生命周期。

Butterflies are often polymorphic, and many species make use of camouflage, mimicry and aposematism to evade their predators. Some, like the monarch and the painted lady, migrate over long distances. Many butterflies are attacked by parasites or parasitoids, including wasps, protozoans, flies, and other invertebrates, or are preyed upon by other organisms. Some species are pests because in their larval stages they can damage domestic crops or trees; other species are agents of pollination of some plants. Larvae of a few butterflies (e.g., harvesters) eat harmful insects, and a few are predators of ants, while others live as mutualists in association with ants. Culturally, butterflies are a popular motif in the visual and literary arts.

蝴蝶通常是多态性的，许多物种利用伪装、模仿和警示来躲避捕食者。有些人，比如君王和彩绘女士，会长途迁徙。许多蝴蝶受到寄生虫或寄生虫的攻击，包括黄蜂、原生动物、苍蝇和其他无脊椎动物，或者被其他生物捕食。有些物种是害虫，因为它们在幼虫期可能会损害国内作物或树木；其他物种是某些植物授粉的媒介。一些蝴蝶（如收割者）的幼虫吃有害昆虫，一些蝴蝶是蚂蚁的捕食者，而其他蝴蝶则与蚂蚁共生。在文化上，蝴蝶是视觉和文学艺术中的一个流行主题。

蝴蝶谷位于三亚亚龙湾国家旅游度假区内，距离广场大约2千米的山脚下,而海依山自然形成，占地1.5公顷。 入口处是标本展览馆，汇集中国和世界各地名蝶500余种，其中有金斑喙凤蝶海南亚种，是国家一级保护动物也是中国国蝶，有中国最大蝶金裳凤蝶，还有中国最小蝶福来灰蝶等。 蝴蝶谷由标本展览馆、网式生态蝴蝶观赏园、蝴蝶工艺品制作室、蝴蝶繁殖园和蝶文化商场五大部分组成，是集科普教育、旅游观光为一体的旅游景点。[百科]