bat

Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera. With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more manoeuvrable than birds, flying with their very long spread-out digits covered with a thin membrane or patagium. The smallest bat, and arguably the smallest extant mammal, is Kitti's hog-nosed bat, which is 29–34 millimetres in length, 150 mm (6 in) across the wings and 2–2.6 g in mass. The largest bats are the flying foxes and the giant golden-crowned flying fox, which can weigh 1.6 kg and have a wingspan of 1.7 m. 蝙蝠是翼手目哺乳动物。它们的前肢被改造成翅膀，是唯一能够真正持续飞行的哺乳动物。蝙蝠比鸟类更具机动性，它们的手指伸展得很长，上面覆盖着一层薄薄的薄膜或翼膜。最小的蝙蝠，也可以说是现存最小的哺乳动物，是基蒂的猪鼻蝙蝠，长29-34毫米，翅膀宽150毫米（6英寸），质量2-2.6克。最大的蝙蝠是飞狐和巨大的金冠飞狐，它们重1.6公斤，翼展1.7米。The name "Chiroptera" derives from Ancient Greek: "hand" and "wing". An older English name for bats is flittermouse.

The second largest order of mammals after rodents, bats comprise about 20% of all classified mammal species worldwide, with over 1,400 species. 蝙蝠是仅次于啮齿动物的第二大类哺乳动物，约占全球所有分类哺乳动物物种的20%，有1400多种。两只鼠姑娘在路上相遇：“哎，我最近交了个男朋友！” “是吗？快拿照片给我看看！” “呀，怎么这么丑哇！” “丑是丑了点儿，可他是个飞行员呐！”

Bats provide humans with some direct benefits, at the cost of some disadvantages. On the benefits side, bat dung has been and in many places still is mined as guano from caves and used as fertiliser. Bats consume insect pests, reducing the need for pesticides and other insect management measures. They are sometimes numerous enough and close enough to human settlements to serve as tourist attractions, and they are used as food across Asia and the Pacific Rim. On the disadvantages side, fruit bats are frequently considered pests by fruit growers. Due to their physiology, bats are one type of animal that acts as a natural reservoir of many pathogens, such as rabies; and since they are highly mobile, social, and long-lived, they can readily spread disease among themselves. If humans interact with bats, these traits become potentially dangerous to humans. 蝙蝠给人类带来了一些直接的好处，但也有一些缺点。在好处方面，蝙蝠的粪便过去和仍然在很多地方被当作洞穴中的鸟粪开采，并被用作肥料。蝙蝠消耗害虫，减少了对杀虫剂和其他昆虫管理措施的需求。它们有时数量足够多，距离人类住区足够近，可以作为旅游景点，在环亚洲和太平洋地区被用作食物。在缺点方面，果蝠经常被果农视为害虫。由于它们的生理学，蝙蝠是一种动物，是许多病原体的天然宿主，比如狂犬病；而且，由于他们具有高度的流动性、社交性和长寿性，他们很容易在彼此之间传播疾病。如果人类与蝙蝠互动，这些特征对人类来说就有潜在的危险。

Bats are the only mammals capable of sustained flight, as opposed to gliding, as in the flying squirrel. The wings of bats are much thinner and consist of more bones than the wings of birds, allowing bats to manoeuvre more accurately than the latter, and fly with more lift and less drag. 蝙蝠是唯一能够持续飞行的哺乳动物，而不是像飞鼠那样滑翔。蝙蝠的翅膀比鸟类的翅膀薄得多，由更多的骨头组成，这使得蝙蝠比鸟类的翅膀能够更准确地操纵，并以更高的升力和更少的阻力飞行。

When not flying, bats hang upside down from their feet, a posture known as roosting. When on the ground, most bats can only crawl awkwardly. A few species such as the New Zealand lesser short-tailed bat and the common vampire bat are agile on the ground. 当蝙蝠不飞行时，它们会从脚上倒挂，这种姿势被称为栖息。在地面上，大多数蝙蝠只能笨拙地爬行。新西兰短尾蝙蝠和普通吸血蝙蝠等少数物种在地面上动作敏捷。

Batman is a superhero who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. Kane, Finger, and future DC writers accompanied Batman with supporting characters, including his sidekick Robin, allies Alfred Pennyworth and James Gordon, and foes such as Catwoman, the Scarecrow, the Penguin, and his archenemy, the Joker.