backup

In information technology, a backup, or data backup is a copy of computer data taken and stored elsewhere so that it may be used to restore the original after a data loss event. The verb form, referring to the process of doing so, is "back up", whereas the noun and adjective form is "backup". Backups can be used to recover data after its loss from data deletion or corruption, or to recover data from an earlier time. Backups provide a simple form of disaster recovery; however not all backup systems are able to reconstitute a computer system or other complex configuration such as a computer cluster, active directory server, or database server.

在信息技术中，备份或数据备份是在其他地方获取并存储的计算机数据的副本，以便在数据丢失事件发生后用于恢复原始数据。动词形式是指这样做的过程，是“backup”，而名词和形容词形式是“backup”。备份可用于在数据因删除或损坏而丢失后恢复数据，或从更早的时间恢复数据。备份提供了一种简单的灾难恢复形式；但是，并非所有备份系统都能够重建计算机系统或其他复杂配置，如计算机群集、active directory服务器或数据库服务器。

A backup system contains at least one copy of all data considered worth saving. The data storage requirements can be large. An information repository model may be used to provide structure to this storage. There are different types of data storage devices used for copying backups of data that is already in secondary storage onto archive files. There are also different ways these devices can be arranged to provide geographic dispersion, data security, and portability.

备份系统至少包含一份认为值得保存的所有数据的副本。数据存储需求可能很大。信息存储库模型可用于为该存储提供结构。有不同类型的数据存储设备用于将已在辅助存储中的数据备份复制到归档文件中。这些设备也有不同的布置方式，以提供地理分散性、数据安全性和可移植性。

Data is selected, extracted, and manipulated for storage. The process can include methods for dealing with live data, including open files, as well as compression, encryption, and de-duplication. Additional techniques apply to enterprise client-server backup. Backup schemes may include dry runs that validate the reliability of the data being backed up. There are limitations and human factors involved in any backup scheme.

选择、提取和处理数据以进行存储。该过程可以包括处理实时数据的方法，包括打开的文件，以及压缩、加密和重复数据消除。其他技术适用于企业客户机服务器备份。备份方案可能包括验证所备份数据可靠性的试运行。任何备份方案都有局限性和人为因素。

A backup strategy requires an information repository, "a secondary storage space for data" that aggregates backups of data "sources". The repository could be as simple as a list of all backup media (DVDs, etc.) and the dates produced, or could include a computerized index, catalog, or relational database.

备份策略需要一个信息存储库，“一个用于存储数据的辅助存储空间”，用于聚合数据“源”的备份。存储库可以是所有备份介质（DVD等）和生成日期的列表，也可以包括计算机索引、目录或关系数据库。

The backup data needs to be stored, requiring a backup rotation scheme, which is a system of backing up data to computer media that limits the number of backups of different dates retained separately, by appropriate re-use of the data storage media by overwriting of backups no longer needed. The scheme determines how and when each piece of removable storage is used for a backup operation and how long it is retained once it has backup data stored on it. The 3-2-1 rule can aid in the backup process. It states that there should be at least 3 copies of the data, stored on 2 different types of storage media, and one copy should be kept offsite, in a remote location (this can include cloud storage)

备份数据需要存储，需要备份轮换方案，这是一种将数据备份到计算机介质的系统，通过覆盖不再需要的备份来适当地重新使用数据存储介质，从而限制单独保留的不同日期的备份数量。该方案确定了如何以及何时将每一块可移动存储器用于备份操作，以及在其上存储备份数据后保留多长时间。3-2-1规则有助于备份过程。它规定，数据应至少有3个副本，存储在两种不同类型的存储介质上，一个副本应保存在远程位置（这可能包括云存储）

There are many free and open-source software, for example: BackupPC, Bacula, duplicity, and rdiff-backup.

A backup battery provides power to a system when the primary source of power is unavailable. Backup batteries range from small single cells to retain clock time and date in computers, up to large battery room facilities that power uninterruptible power supply systems for large data centers. Small backup batteries may be primary cells; rechargeable backup batteries are kept charged by the prime power supply.

当主电源不可用时，备用电池为系统供电。备用电池种类繁多，从小型单体电池到在计算机中保留时钟时间和日期的电池，再到为大型数据中心的不间断电源系统供电的大型电池室设施。小型备用电池可能是原电池；充电备用电池由主电源保持充电状态。

六级/考研单词: backup, data, compute, verb, noun, adjective, delete, corrupt, configuration, cluster, directory, archive, disperse, extract, manipulate, valid, aggregate, medium, rotate, hardware, prime