A Child's History of England.180

SECOND PART

His Sowship would pretty willingly, I think, have blown the House of Commons [议会下院] into the air himself; for, his dread and jealousy of it knew no bounds all through his reign. When he was hard pressed for money he was obliged to order it to meet [议会开会], as he could get no money without it; and when it asked him first to abolish some of the monopolies in necessaries of life which were a great grievance to the people, and to redress [纠正] other public wrongs [unjust, injurious, or immoral act], he flew {fly} into a rage [勃然大怒] and got rid of it again. At one time he wanted it to consent to the Union of England with Scotland, and quarrelled about that. At another time it wanted him to put down a most infamous Church abuse, called the High Commission Court, and he quarrelled with it about that. At another time it entreated him not to be quite so fond of his archbishops and bishops who made speeches in his praise too awful to be related [叙述], but to have some little consideration for the poor Puritan [清教徒] clergy who were persecuted for preaching in their own way, and not according to the archbishops and bishops; and they quarrelled about that. In short, what with [用于列举原因] hating the House of Commons, and pretending not to hate it; and what with now sending some of its members who opposed him, to Newgate or to the Tower, and now telling the rest that they must not presume to [胆敢] make speeches about the public affairs which could not possibly concern them; and what with cajoling [cajole:哄骗], and bullying, and fighting, and being frightened; the House of Commons was the plague [惹人烦的原因] of his Sowship's existence. It was pretty firm, however, in maintaining its rights, and insisting that the Parliament should make the laws, and not the King by his own single proclamations (which he tried hard to do); and his Sowship was so often distressed for money, in consequence, that he sold every sort of title and public office [职位] as if they were merchandise, and even invented a new dignity [头衔] called a Baronetcy [准男爵], which anybody could buy for a thousand pounds.

These disputes with his Parliaments, and his hunting, and his drinking, and his lying in bed - for he was a great sluggard [懒散行动迟缓的人] - occupied his Sowship pretty well. The rest of his time he chiefly passed in hugging and slobbering [露骨地示爱] his favourites. The first of these was Sir Philip Herbert, who had no knowledge whatever, except of dogs, and horses, and hunting, but whom he soon made Earl of Montgomery. The next, and a much more famous one, was Robert Carr, or Ker (for it is not certain which was his right name), who came from the Border country, and whom he soon made Viscount [子爵] Rochester, and afterwards, Earl of Somerset. The way in which his Sowship doted [宠爱] on this handsome young man, is even more odious [可恨的] to think of, than the way in which the really great men of England condescended [屈尊俯就] to bow down before him. The favourite's great friend was a certain Sir Thomas Overbury, who wrote his love-letters for him, and assisted him in the duties of his many high places, which his own ignorance prevented him from discharging [do what sb have a duty]. But this same Sir Thomas having just manhood enough to dissuade [劝阻] the favourite from a wicked marriage with the beautiful Countess of Essex, who was to get a divorce from her husband for the purpose, the said Countess, in her rage, got Sir Thomas put into the Tower, and there poisoned him. Then the favourite and this bad woman were publicly married by the King's pet bishop, with as much to-do [纷扰] and rejoicing, as if he had been the best man, and she the best woman, upon the face of the earth.

But, after a longer sunshine than might have been expected - of seven years or so, that is to say - another handsome young man started up and eclipsed the Earl of Somerset. This was George Villiers, the youngest son of a Leicestershire gentleman: who came to Court with all the Paris fashions on him, and could dance as well as the best mountebank [江湖骗子] that ever was seen. He soon danced himself into the good graces [恩宠] of his Sowship, and danced the other favourite out of favour. Then, it was all at once discovered that the Earl and Countess of Somerset had not deserved all those great promotions and mighty [imposing or awesome degree etc] rejoicings, and they were separately tried for the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury, and for other crimes. But, the King was so afraid of his late [上一任] favourite's publicly telling some disgraceful things he knew of him - which he darkly threatened to do - that he was even examined with two men standing, one on either side of him, each with a cloak in his hand, ready to throw it over his head and stop his mouth if he should break out with what he had it in his power to tell. So, a very lame affair was purposely made of the trial, and his punishment was an allowance of four thousand pounds a year in retirement, while the Countess was pardoned, and allowed to pass into retirement too. They hated one another by this time, and lived to revile [谩骂] and torment each other some years.

六级/考研单词: dread, jealous, reign, oblige, abolish, monopoly, necessity, grief, rage, consent, quarrel, notorious, abuse, commission, fond, bishop, praise, clergy, persecute, preach, accord, presume, bully, fright, plague, tentative, parliament, seldom, distress, merchandise, dignity, hunt, hug, fame, handsome, bow, discharge, wicked, gorgeous, divorce, poison, pet, rejoice, eclipse, grace, awe, cloak, lame, punish