past participle

Cut ,let, hut, put, read, quit,split: 三种tense完全一样

bring brought brought

build built built

buy bought bought

catch caught caught

deal dealt dealt

dig dug dug

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

get got got (gotten)

have had had

hear heard heard

hold held held

 keep kept kept

lay laid laid

lead led led

leave left left

lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

meet met met

pay paid paid

say said said

seek sought sought

sell sold sold

send sent sent

shine shone (shined) shone

sit sat sat

sleep slept slept

spend spent spent

stand stood stood

understand understood understood

teach taught taught

tell told told

think thought thought

win won won

shine shone (shined) shone (shined)

 

run ran run

come came come

become became become

give gave given

forgive forgave forgiven

get got got (gotten)

forget forgot forgotten

 

begin began begun

sing sang sung

stink stank stunk

swim swam swum

drink drank drunk

spring sprang sprung

 

tear tore torn

wear wore worn

 

blow blew blown

grow grew grown

know knew known

throw threw thrown

draw drew drawn

 

break broke broken

speak spoke spoken

steal stole stolen

wake woke (waked) woken (waked)

choose chose chosen

freeze froze frozen

rise rose risen

 

dive dove (dived) dived

drive drove driven

 

shake shook shaken

take took taken

 

ride rode ridden

write wrote written

 

be was, were been

do did done

go went gone

eat ate eaten

see saw seen

fall fell fallen

fly flew flown

forbid forbade forbidden

hide hid hidden

lie lay lain

 

modals:

can, could, may, might, should, must, will, would, had better,

phrasal modals + to

have to, have got to, ought to, be able to

should, ought to, had better

preference modals

prefer…to…

 I prefer singing to dancing

like…better…

eg, I like the snow better than the water

would rather (not)

we would rather not go to the theater

would rather… than…

impossibility

couldn’t, can’t

 

-s, -ch, -sh, -x, -z +es change to polural

Consonant + y -> y-i + es

Man-men, leaf-leaves, mouse-mice, leaf-leaves

 

To talk about an activity that just ended

To talk about actions that happened at some time before the present

To talk about a recent habit