OpenGL基本框架 画基本图形 纹理和光照

OpenGl 基本框架 画基本图形 纹理 光照

  1//Link:OpenGL32.lib GLu32.lib  GLaux.lib
  2#include <stdio.h>
  3#include <windows.h>        // Windows的头文件
  4//#include <glew.h>        // 包含最新的gl.h,glu.h库
  5#include   <gl\gl.h>  
  6#include   <gl\glu.h> 
  7#include <gl/glaux.h>
  8
  9HGLRC           hRC=NULL;                            // 窗口着色描述表句柄
 10HDC             hDC=NULL;                            // OpenGL渲染描述表句柄
 11HWND            hWnd=NULL;                            // 保存我们的窗口句柄
 12HINSTANCE       hInstance;                            // 保存程序的实例
 13bool    keys[256];                                // 保存键盘按键的数组
 14bool    active=TRUE;                                // 窗口的活动标志，缺省为TRUE
 15bool    fullscreen=TRUE;                            // 全屏标志缺省，缺省设定成全屏模式
 16GLfloat        rtri;                        // 用于三角形的角度
 17GLfloat        rquad;                        // 用于四边形的角度
 18//GLfloat        xrot;                                // X 旋转量
 19//GLfloat        yrot;                                // Y 旋转量
 20GLfloat        zrot;                                // Z 旋转量
 21//GLuint        texture[1];                            // 存储一个纹理
 22BOOL    light;                                    // 光源的开/关
 23BOOL    lp;                                    // L键按下了么?
 24BOOL    fp;                                    // F键按下了么?
 25
 26GLfloat    xrot;                                    // X 旋转
 27GLfloat    yrot;                                    // Y 旋转
 28GLfloat xspeed;                                    // X 旋转速度
 29GLfloat yspeed;                                    // Y 旋转速度
 30GLfloat    z=-5.0f;                                // 深入屏幕的距离
 31
 32GLuint    filter;                                    // 滤波类型
 33GLuint    texture[3];                                // 3种纹理的储存空间
 34
 35GLfloat LightAmbient[]= { 0.1f, 0.1f, 0.5f, 1.0f };                  // 环境光参数
 36GLfloat LightDiffuse[]= { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };                     // 漫射光参数
 37GLfloat LightPosition[]= { 0.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 1.0f };                 // 光源位置
 38
 39
 40LRESULT    CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);                // WndProc的定义
 41AUX_RGBImageRec *LoadBMP(char *Filename)                    // 载入位图图象
 42{
 43    FILE *File=NULL;                            // 文件句柄
 44    if (!Filename)                                // 确保文件名已提供
 45    {
 46        return NULL;                            // 如果没提供，返回 NULL
 47    }
 48    File=fopen(Filename,"r");    
 49    if (File)                                // 文件存在么?
 50    {
 51        fclose(File);                            // 关闭句柄
 52        return auxDIBImageLoad(Filename);                // 载入位图并返回指针
 53    }
 54    return NULL;                                // 如果载入失败，返回 NULL
 55}
 56
 57int LoadGLTextures()                                // 载入位图(调用上面的代码)并转换成纹理
 58{
 59    int Status=FALSE;                                    // 状态指示器
 60    AUX_RGBImageRec *TextureImage[1];                    // 创建纹理的存储空间
 61    memset(TextureImage,0,sizeof(void *)*1);                // 将指针设为 NULL
 62
 63    // 载入位图，检查有无错误，如果位图没找到则退出
 64    if (TextureImage[0]=LoadBMP("Images\\1.bmp"))
 65    {
 66        Status=TRUE;                            // 将 Status 设为 TRUE
 67        glGenTextures(1, &texture[0]);                    // 创建纹理
 68        // 使用来自位图数据生成 的典型纹理
 69        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);
 70        // 生成纹理
 71        /**///////////////////////////////////MyDraw3//////////////////////////////////////
 72        //glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, TextureImage[0]->sizeX, 
 73        //    TextureImage[0]->sizeY, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, TextureImage[0]->data);
 74        //glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);    // 线形滤波
 75        //glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);    // 线形滤波
 76
 77
 78        /**////////////////////////////////////MyDraw4////////////////////////////////////
 79        // 创建 Nearest 滤波贴图
 80        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);
 81        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_NEAREST); 
 82        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_NEAREST); 
 83        glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, TextureImage[0]->sizeX, 
 84            TextureImage[0]->sizeY, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, TextureImage[0]->data);
 85
 86        // 创建线性滤波纹理
 87        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]);
 88        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);
 89        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);
 90        glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, TextureImage[0]->sizeX, 
 91            TextureImage[0]->sizeY, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, TextureImage[0]->data);
 92
 93        // 创建 MipMapped 纹理
 94        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[2]);
 95        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);
 96        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST);
 97        gluBuild2DMipmaps(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 3, TextureImage[0]->sizeX, 
 98            TextureImage[0]->sizeY, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, TextureImage[0]->data); 
 99    }
100    if (TextureImage[0])                            // 纹理是否存在
101    {
102        if (TextureImage[0]->data)                    // 纹理图像是否存在
103        {
104            free(TextureImage[0]->data);                // 释放纹理图像占用的内存
105        }
106
107        free(TextureImage[0]);                        // 释放图像结构
108    }
109    return Status;                                // 返回 Status
110}
111
112
113
114GLvoid ReSizeGLScene(GLsizei width, GLsizei height)                // 重置OpenGL窗口大小
115{
116    if (height==0)                                // 防止被零除
117    {
118        height=1;                            // 将Height设为1
119    }
120
121    glViewport(0, 0, width, height);                    // 重置当前的视口
122    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);                        // 选择投影矩阵
123    glLoadIdentity();                            // 重置投影矩阵
124
125    // 设置视口的大小
126    gluPerspective(45.0f,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,0.1f,100.0f);
127
128    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);                        // 选择模型观察矩阵
129    glLoadIdentity();                            // 重置模型观察矩阵
130}
131
132int InitGL(GLvoid)                                // 此处开始对OpenGL进行所有设置
133{
134    
135    if (!LoadGLTextures())                            // 调用纹理载入子例程
136    {
137        return FALSE;                            // 如果未能载入，返回FALSE
138    }
139    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);                       //启用2D纹理映射
140    glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);                        // 启用阴影平滑
141    glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);                    // 黑色背景
142    glClearDepth(1.0f);                            // 设置深度缓存
143    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);                        // 启用深度测试
144    glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);                            // 所作深度测试的类型
145    glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);            // 告诉系统对透视进行修正
146
147    //MyDraw4/////////////////////////////////
148    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_AMBIENT, LightAmbient);                // 设置环境光
149    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_DIFFUSE, LightDiffuse);                // 设置漫射光
150    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION,LightPosition);            // 设置光源位置
151    glEnable(GL_LIGHT1);                            // 启用一号光源
152
153
154
155    return TRUE;                                // 初始化 OK
156}
157void MyDraw1()
158{
159    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);            // 清除屏幕和深度缓存    
160    
161    glLoadIdentity();                            // 重置当前的模型观察矩阵
162    glTranslatef(-1.5f,0.0f,-6.0f);                        // 左移 1.5 单位，并移入屏幕 6.0    
163 
164    glRotatef(rtri,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                // 绕Y轴旋转三角形
165    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);                            // 绘制三角形
166    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);                // 设置当前色为红色
167        glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 上顶点
168    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                // 设置当前色为绿色
169        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 左下
170    glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);                // 设置当前色为蓝色
171        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 右下
172    glEnd();    
173    
174    glLoadIdentity();                    // 重置模型观察矩阵  避免上面的旋转影响下面
175    //glTranslatef(3.0f,0.0f,0.0f);                        // 右移3单位 也就是把(3.0f,0.0f,0.0f)当作原点
176
177    glTranslatef(1.5f,0.0f,-6.0f);                // 右移1.5单位,并移入屏幕 6.0
178
179    glRotatef(rquad,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);            //  绕X轴旋转四边形
180    glBegin(GL_QUADS);                            //  绘制正方形
181    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                // 设置当前色为绿色
182        glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 左上
183    glColor3f(0.0f,0.5f,1.0f);                // 设置当前色为蓝色
184        glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 右上
185    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);                // 设置当前色为蓝色
186        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 左下
187    glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);                // 设置当前色为蓝色
188        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 右下
189    glEnd();                                // 正方形绘制结束 
190
191
192    rtri+=0.2f;                        // 增加三角形的旋转变量
193    rquad-=0.15f;                        // 减少四边形的旋转变量
194}
195void MyDraw2()
196{
197    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);    // 清除屏幕及深度缓存
198    glLoadIdentity();                    // 重置模型观察矩阵
199    glTranslatef(-1.5f,0.0f,-7.0f);                // 左移 1.5 单位，并移入屏幕 6.0
200    glRotatef(rtri,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                // 绕Y轴旋转金字塔
201
202    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);                    // 开始绘制金字塔的各个面
203    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);            // 红色
204        glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);            // 三角形的上顶点 (前侧面)
205        glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 绿色
206        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 三角形的左下顶点 (前侧面)
207        glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 蓝色
208        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 三角形的右下顶点 (前侧面)
209
210        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);            // 红色
211        glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);            // 三角形的上顶点 (右侧面)
212        glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 蓝色
213        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 三角形的左下顶点 (右侧面)
214        glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 绿色
215        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f);            // 三角形的右下顶点 (右侧面)
216
217        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);            // 红色
218        glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);            // 三角形的上顶点 (后侧面)
219        glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 绿色
220        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f);            // 三角形的左下顶点 (后侧面)
221        glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 蓝色
222        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f);            // 三角形的右下顶点 (后侧面)
223
224        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);            // 红色
225        glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);            // 三角形的上顶点 (左侧面)
226        glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 蓝色
227        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);            // 三角形的左下顶点 (左侧面)
228        glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 绿色
229        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 三角形的右下顶点 (左侧面)
230    glEnd();                        // 金字塔绘制结束
231
232
233    glLoadIdentity();
234    glTranslatef(1.5f,0.0f,-7.0f);                // 先右移再移入屏幕
235
236    glRotatef(rquad,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);            // 在XYZ轴上旋转立方体
237
238    glBegin(GL_QUADS);                    // 开始绘制立方体
239    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 颜色改为蓝色
240        glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的右上顶点 (顶面)
241        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
242        glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的左上顶点 (顶面)
243        glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的左下顶点 (顶面)
244        glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的右下顶点 (顶面)
245
246    glColor3f(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f);            // 颜色改成橙色
247        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的右上顶点(底面)
248        glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 颜色改为蓝色
249        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的左上顶点(底面)
250        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
251        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的左下顶点(底面)
252        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的右下顶点(底面)
253    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);            // 颜色改成红色
254        glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的右上顶点(前面)
255        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
256        glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的左上顶点(前面)
257        glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 颜色改为蓝色
258        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的左下顶点(前面)
259        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的右下顶点(前面)
260    glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 颜色改成黄色
261        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的右上顶点(后面)
262        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
263        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的左上顶点(后面)
264        glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的左下顶点(后面)
265        glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);            // 颜色改为蓝色
266        glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的右下顶点(后面)
267        
268    glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成蓝色
269        glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的右上顶点(左面)
270        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
271        glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的左上顶点(左面)
272        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的左下顶点(左面)
273        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
274        glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的右下顶点(左面)
275        
276    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
277        glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的右上顶点(右面)
278        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
279        glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的左上顶点(右面)
280        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);            // 四边形的左下顶点(右面)
281        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
282        glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);            // 四边形的右下顶点(右面)
283        glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);            // 颜色改成紫罗兰色
284    glEnd();                        // 立方体绘制结束
285
286    rtri+=0.2f;                        // 增加三角形的旋转变量
287    rquad-=0.15f;                        // 减少四边形的旋转变量 
288
289}
290void MyDraw3()
291{
292    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);            // 清除屏幕和深度缓存
293    glLoadIdentity();                            // 重置当前的模型观察矩阵
294    glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,-5.0f);                        // 移入屏幕 5 个单位
295
296
297    glRotatef(xrot,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);                        // 绕X轴旋转
298    glRotatef(yrot,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                        // 绕Y轴旋转
299    glRotatef(zrot,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);                        // 绕Z轴旋转
300
301    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);                // 选择纹理
302
303    glBegin(GL_QUADS);
304        // 前面
305        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左下
306        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右下
307        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右上
308        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左上
309        // 后面
310        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右下
311        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右上
312        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左上
313        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左下
314        // 顶面
315        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左上
316        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左下
317        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右下
318        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右上
319        // 底面
320        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右上
321        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左上
322        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左下
323        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右下
324        // 右面
325        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右下
326        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右上
327        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左上
328        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左下
329        // 左面
330        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左下
331        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右下
332        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的右上
333        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    // 纹理和四边形的左上
334    glEnd();
335
336    xrot+=0.3f;                                // X 轴旋转
337    yrot+=0.2f;                                // Y 轴旋转
338    zrot+=0.4f;                                // Z 轴旋转
339} 
340void MyDraw4()
341{
342    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);            // 清除屏幕和深度缓存
343    glLoadIdentity();                            // 重置当前的模型观察矩阵
344    glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,z);                        // 移入/移出屏幕 z 个单位
345
346    glRotatef(xrot,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);                        // 绕X轴旋转
347    glRotatef(yrot,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                        // 绕Y轴旋转
348
349    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[filter]);                // 选择由filter决定的纹理
350
351    glBegin(GL_QUADS);                            // 开始绘制四边形
352    // 前侧面
353        glNormal3f( 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);                    // 法线指向观察者
354        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    
355        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    
356        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    
357        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    
358        // 后侧面
359        glNormal3f( 0.0f, 0.0f,-1.0f);                    // 法线背向观察者
360        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    
361        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    
362        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    
363        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    
364        // 顶面
365        glNormal3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 法线向上
366        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    
367        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    
368        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    
369        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    
370        // 底面
371        glNormal3f( 0.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f);                    // 法线朝下
372        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    
373        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    
374        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    
375        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    
376        // 右侧面
377        glNormal3f( 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);                    // 法线朝右
378        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    
379        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    
380        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    
381        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    
382        // 左侧面
383        glNormal3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);                    // 法线朝左
384        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);    
385        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);    
386        glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);    
387        glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);    
388    glEnd();                                // 四边形绘制结束
389    xrot+=xspeed;                                // xrot 增加 xspeed 单位
390    yrot+=yspeed;                                // yrot 增加 yspeed 单位 
391}
392
393int DrawGLScene(GLvoid)                                // 从这里开始进行所有的绘制
394{
395    MyDraw4();
396    return TRUE;                                //  一切 OK
397}
398GLvoid KillGLWindow(GLvoid)                            // 正常销毁窗口
399{
400
401    if (fullscreen)                                // 我们处于全屏模式吗?
402    {
403        ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL,0);                    // 是的话，切换回桌面
404        ShowCursor(TRUE);                        // 显示鼠标指针
405    }
406    if (hRC)                                // 我们拥有OpenGL渲染描述表吗?
407    {
408        if (!wglMakeCurrent(NULL,NULL))                    // 我们能否释放DC和RC描述表?
409        {
410            MessageBox(NULL,"释放DC或RC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
411        }
412        if (!wglDeleteContext(hRC))                    // 我们能否删除RC?
413        {
414           MessageBox(NULL,"释放RC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
415        }
416        hRC=NULL;                            // 将RC设为 NULL
417    }
418    if (hDC && !ReleaseDC(hWnd,hDC))                    // 我们能否释放 DC?
419    {
420        MessageBox(NULL,"释放DC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
421        hDC=NULL;                            // 将 DC 设为 NULL
422    }
423    if (hWnd && !DestroyWindow(hWnd))                    // 能否销毁窗口?
424    {
425        MessageBox(NULL,"释放窗口句柄失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
426        hWnd=NULL;                            // 将 hWnd 设为 NULL
427    }
428    if (!UnregisterClass("OpenG",hInstance))                // 能否注销类?
429    {
430        MessageBox(NULL,"不能注销窗口类。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
431        hInstance=NULL;                            // 将 hInstance 设为 NULL
432    }
433}
434
435BOOL CreateGLWindow(char* title, int width, int height, int bits, bool fullscreenflag)
436{
437    GLuint        PixelFormat;                        // 保存查找匹配的结果
438    WNDCLASS    wc;                            // 窗口类结构
439    DWORD        dwExStyle;                        // 扩展窗口风格
440    DWORD        dwStyle;                        // 窗口风格
441    RECT WindowRect;                            // 取得矩形的左上角和右下角的坐标值
442    WindowRect.left=(long)100;                        // 将Left   设为 0
443    WindowRect.right=(long)width+WindowRect.left;                        // 将Right  设为要求的宽度
444    WindowRect.top=(long)200;                            // 将Top    设为 0
445    WindowRect.bottom=(long)height+WindowRect.top;                        // 将Bottom 设为要求的高度
446    fullscreen=fullscreenflag;                        // 设置全局全屏标志
447    hInstance        = GetModuleHandle(NULL);            // 取得我们窗口的实例
448    wc.style        = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC;        // 移动时重画，并为窗口取得DC
449    wc.lpfnWndProc        = (WNDPROC) WndProc;                // WndProc处理消息
450    wc.cbClsExtra        = 0;                        // 无额外窗口数据
451    wc.cbWndExtra        = 0;                        // 无额外窗口数据
452    wc.hInstance        = hInstance;                    // 设置实例
453    wc.hIcon        = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_WINLOGO);            // 装入缺省图标
454    wc.hCursor        = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);            // 装入鼠标指针
455    wc.hbrBackground    = NULL;                        // GL不需要背景
456    wc.lpszMenuName        = NULL;                        // 不需要菜单
457    wc.lpszClassName    = "OpenG";                    // 设定类名字
458    if (!RegisterClass(&wc))                        // 尝试注册窗口类
459    {
460        MessageBox(NULL,"注册窗口失败","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
461        return FALSE;                            // 退出并返回FALSE
462    }
463    if (fullscreen)                                // 要尝试全屏模式吗?
464    {
465        DEVMODE dmScreenSettings;                        // 设备模式
466        memset(&dmScreenSettings,0,sizeof(dmScreenSettings));            // 确保内存清空为零
467        dmScreenSettings.dmSize=sizeof(dmScreenSettings);            // Devmode 结构的大小
468        dmScreenSettings.dmPelsWidth    = width;                // 所选屏幕宽度
469        dmScreenSettings.dmPelsHeight    = height;                // 所选屏幕高度
470        dmScreenSettings.dmBitsPerPel    = bits;                    // 每象素所选的色彩深度
471        dmScreenSettings.dmFields=DM_BITSPERPEL|DM_PELSWIDTH|DM_PELSHEIGHT;
472        if (ChangeDisplaySettings(&dmScreenSettings,CDS_FULLSCREEN)!=DISP_CHANGE_SUCCESSFUL)
473        {
474            // 若模式失败，提供两个选项：退出或在窗口内运行。
475            if (MessageBox(NULL,"全屏模式在当前显卡上设置失败！\n使用窗口模式？","NeHe G",MB_YESNO|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION)==IDYES)
476            {
477                fullscreen=FALSE;                // 选择窗口模式(Fullscreen=FALSE)
478            }
479            else
480            {
481                // 弹出一个对话框，告诉用户程序结束
482                MessageBox(NULL,"程序将被关闭","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONSTOP);
483                return FALSE;                    //  退出并返回 FALSE
484            }
485        }
486    }
487    if (fullscreen)                                // 仍处于全屏模式吗?
488    {
489        dwExStyle=WS_EX_APPWINDOW;                    // 扩展窗体风格
490        dwStyle=WS_POPUP;                        // 窗体风格
491        ShowCursor(FALSE);                        // 隐藏鼠标指针
492    }
493    else
494    {
495        dwExStyle=WS_EX_APPWINDOW | WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE;            // 扩展窗体风格
496        dwStyle=WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW;                    //  窗体风格
497    }
498    AdjustWindowRectEx(&WindowRect, dwStyle, FALSE, dwExStyle);        // 调整窗口达到真正要求的大小
499    if (!(hWnd=CreateWindowEx(    dwExStyle,                // 扩展窗体风格
500                    "OpenG",                // 类名字
501                    title,                    // 窗口标题
502                    WS_CLIPSIBLINGS |            // 必须的窗体风格属性
503                    WS_CLIPCHILDREN |            // 必须的窗体风格属性
504                    dwStyle,                // 选择的窗体属性
505                    0, 0,                    // 窗口位置
506                    WindowRect.right-WindowRect.left,    // 计算调整好的窗口宽度
507                    WindowRect.bottom-WindowRect.top,    // 计算调整好的窗口高度
508                    NULL,                    // 无父窗口
509                    NULL,                    // 无菜单
510                    hInstance,                // 实例
511                    NULL)))                    // 不向WM_CREATE传递任何东东
512    {
513        KillGLWindow();                            // 重置显示区
514        MessageBox(NULL,"不能创建一个窗口设备描述表","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
515        return FALSE;                            // 返回 FALSE
516    }
517
518    static    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd=                    // /pfd 告诉窗口我们所希望的东东，即窗口使用的像素格式
519    {
520        sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),                    // 上述格式描述符的大小
521        1,                                // 版本号
522        PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |                        // 格式支持窗口
523        PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL |                        // 格式必须支持OpenGL
524        PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER,                        // 必须支持双缓冲
525        PFD_TYPE_RGBA,                            // 申请 RGBA 格式
526        bits,                                // 选定色彩深度
527        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,                        // 忽略的色彩位
528        0,                                // 无Alpha缓存
529        0,                                // 忽略Shift Bit
530        0,                                // 无累加缓存
531        0, 0, 0, 0,                            // 忽略聚集位
532        16,                                // 16位 Z-缓存 (深度缓存)
533        0,                                // 无蒙板缓存
534        0,                                // 无辅助缓存
535        PFD_MAIN_PLANE,                            // 主绘图层
536        0,                                // Reserved
537        0, 0, 0                                // 忽略层遮罩
538    };
539    if (!(hDC=GetDC(hWnd)))                            // 取得设备描述表了么?
540    {
541        KillGLWindow();                            // 重置显示区
542        MessageBox(NULL,"不能创建一种相匹配的像素格式","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
543        return FALSE;                            // 返回 FALSE
544    }
545
546    if (!(PixelFormat=ChoosePixelFormat(hDC,&pfd)))                // Windows 找到相应的象素格式了吗?
547    {
548        KillGLWindow();                            // 重置显示区
549        MessageBox(NULL,"不能设置像素格式","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
550        return FALSE;                            // 返回 FALSE
551    }
552    if(!SetPixelFormat(hDC,PixelFormat,&pfd))                // 能够设置象素格式么?
553    {
554        KillGLWindow();                            // 重置显示区
555        MessageBox(NULL,"不能设置像素格式","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
556        return FALSE;                            // 返回 FALSE
557    }
558    if (!(hRC=wglCreateContext(hDC)))                    // 能否取得着色描述表?
559    {
560        KillGLWindow();                            // 重置显示区
561        MessageBox(NULL,"不能创建OpenGL渲染描述表","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
562        return FALSE;                            // 返回 FALSE
563    }
564    if(!wglMakeCurrent(hDC,hRC))                        // 尝试激活着色描述表
565    {
566        KillGLWindow();                            // 重置显示区
567        MessageBox(NULL,"不能激活当前的OpenGL渲然描述表","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
568        return FALSE;                            // 返回 FALSE
569    }
570
571    ShowWindow(hWnd,SW_SHOW);                        // 显示窗口
572    SetForegroundWindow(hWnd);                        // 略略提高优先级
573    SetFocus(hWnd);                                // 设置键盘的焦点至此窗口
574    ReSizeGLScene(width, height);                        // 设置透视 GL 屏幕
575
576    if (!InitGL())                                // 初始化新建的GL窗口
577    {
578        KillGLWindow();                            // 重置显示区
579        MessageBox(NULL,"Initialization Failed.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
580        return FALSE;                            // 返回 FALSE
581    }
582    return TRUE;                                // 成功
583}
584
585
586LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(
587                HWND    hWnd,                    // 窗口的句柄
588                UINT    uMsg,                    // 窗口的消息
589                WPARAM    wParam,                    // 附加的消息内容
590                LPARAM    lParam)                    // 附加的消息内容
591{
592    switch (uMsg)                                // 检查Windows消息
593    {
594        case WM_ACTIVATE:                        // 监视窗口激活消息
595        {
596            if (!HIWORD(wParam))                    // 检查最小化状态
597            {
598                active=TRUE;                    // 程序处于激活状态
599            }
600            else
601            {
602                active=FALSE;                    // 程序不再激活
603            }
604
605            return 0;                        // 返回消息循环
606        }
607
608        case WM_SYSCOMMAND:                        // 系统中断命令
609        {
610            switch (wParam)                        // 检查系统调用
611            {
612                case SC_SCREENSAVE:                // 屏保要运行?
613                case SC_MONITORPOWER:                // 显示器要进入节电模式?
614                return 0;                    // 阻止发生
615            }
616            break;                            // 退出
617        }
618
619        case WM_CLOSE:                            // 收到Close消息?
620        {
621            PostQuitMessage(0);                    // 发出退出消息
622            return 0;                        // 返回
623        }
624
625        case WM_KEYDOWN:                        // 有键按下么?
626        {
627            keys[wParam] = TRUE;                    // 如果是，设为TRUE
628            return 0;                        // 返回
629        }
630
631        case WM_KEYUP:                            // 有键放开么?
632        {
633            keys[wParam] = FALSE;                    // 如果是，设为FALSE
634            return 0;                        // 返回
635        }
636
637        case WM_SIZE:                            // 调整OpenGL窗口大小
638        {
639            ReSizeGLScene(LOWORD(lParam),HIWORD(lParam));        // LoWord=Width,HiWord=Height
640            return 0;                        // 返回
641        }
642    }
643// 向 DefWindowProc传递所有未处理的消息。
644    return DefWindowProc(hWnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);
645}
646
647
648
649int WINAPI WinMain(    HINSTANCE    hInstance,                // 当前窗口实例
650            HINSTANCE    hPrevInstance,                // 前一个窗口实例
651            LPSTR        lpCmdLine,                // 命令行参数
652            int        nCmdShow)                // 窗口显示状态
653{
654    MSG    msg;                                // Windowsx消息结构
655    BOOL    done=FALSE;                            // 用来退出循环的Bool 变量
656    rtri = 0;
657    rquad= 0;
658    // 提示用户选择运行模式
659    //if (MessageBox(NULL,"你想在全屏模式下运行么？", "设置全屏模式",MB_YESNO|MB_ICONQUESTION)==IDNO)
660    {
661        fullscreen=FALSE;                        // FALSE为窗口模式
662    }
663    // 创建OpenGL窗口
664    if (!CreateGLWindow("My OpenGL程序框架",640,480,16,fullscreen))
665    {
666        return 0;                            // 失败退出
667    }
668    while(!done)                                // 保持循环直到 done=TRUE
669    {
670        if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE))            // 有消息在等待吗?异步查获
671        {
672            if (msg.message==WM_QUIT)                // 收到退出消息?
673            {
674                done=TRUE;                    // 是，则done=TRUE
675            }
676            else                            // 不是，处理窗口消息
677            {
678                TranslateMessage(&msg);                // 翻译消息
679                DispatchMessage(&msg);                // 发送消息
680            }
681        }
682        else                                // 如果没有消息
683        {
684            // 绘制场景。监视ESC键和来自DrawGLScene()的退出消息
685            if (active)                        // 程序激活的么?
686            {
687                if (keys[VK_ESCAPE])                // ESC 按下了么?
688                {
689                    done=TRUE;                // ESC 发出退出信号
690                }
691                else                        // 不是退出的时候，刷新屏幕
692                {
693                    DrawGLScene();                // 绘制场景
694                    SwapBuffers(hDC);            // 交换缓存 (双缓存)
695                    if (keys['L'] && !lp)                // L 键已按下并且松开了?
696                    {
697                        lp=TRUE;                // lp 设为 TRUE
698                        light=!light;                // 切换光源的 TRUE/FALSE
699                        lp=TRUE;                // lp 设为 TRUE
700                        light=!light;                // 切换光源的 TRUE/FALSE
701                    }
702                    if (!keys['L'])                    // L键松开了么?
703                    {
704                        lp=FALSE;                // 若是，则将lp设为FALSE
705                    }
706
707                    if (keys['F'] && !fp)                // F键按下了么?
708                    {
709                        fp=TRUE;                // fp 设为 TRUE
710                        filter+=1;                // filter的值加一
711                        if (filter>2)                // 大于2了么?
712                        {
713                            filter=0;            // 若是重置为0
714                        }
715                    }
716                    if (!keys['F'])                    // F键放开了么?
717                    {
718                        fp=FALSE;                // 若是fp设为FALSE
719                    }
720
721
722                    if (keys[VK_PRIOR])                // PageUp按下了?
723                    {
724                        z-=0.2f;                // 若按下，将木箱移向屏幕内部
725                    }
726                    if (keys[VK_NEXT])                // PageDown按下了么
727                    {
728                        z+=0.2f;                // 若按下的话，将木箱移向观察者
729                    }
730
731                    if (keys[VK_UP])                // Up方向键按下了么?
732                    {
733                        xspeed-=0.01f;                // 若是,减少xspeed
734                    }
735                    if (keys[VK_DOWN])                // Down方向键按下了么?
736                    {
737                        xspeed+=0.01f;                // 若是,增加xspeed
738                    }
739                    if (keys[VK_RIGHT])                // Right方向键按下了么?
740                    {
741                        yspeed+=0.01f;                // 若是,增加yspeed
742                    }
743                    if (keys[VK_LEFT])                // Left方向键按下了么?
744                    {
745                        yspeed-=0.01f;                // 若是, 减少yspeed
746                    }
747                }
748            }
749            
750            if (keys[VK_F1])                    // F1键按下了么?
751            {
752                keys[VK_F1]=FALSE;                // 若是，使对应的Key数组中的值为 FALSE
753                KillGLWindow();                    // 销毁当前的窗口
754                fullscreen=!fullscreen;                // 切换 全屏 / 窗口 模式
755                // 重建 OpenGL 窗口
756                if (!CreateGLWindow("My OpenGL 程序框架",640,480,16,fullscreen))
757                {
758                    return 0;                // 如果窗口未能创建，程序退出
759                }
760            }
761        }
762    }
763    // 关闭程序
764    KillGLWindow();                                // 销毁窗口
765    return (msg.wParam);                            // 退出程序
766}
767